2 * KVM paravirt_ops implementation
4 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
5 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
6 * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
7 * (at your option) any later version.
9 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
10 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
11 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
12 * GNU General Public License for more details.
14 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
15 * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
16 * Foundation, 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA.
18 * Copyright (C) 2007, Red Hat, Inc., Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
19 * Copyright IBM Corporation, 2007
20 * Authors: Anthony Liguori <aliguori@us.ibm.com>
23 #include <linux/context_tracking.h>
24 #include <linux/init.h>
25 #include <linux/kernel.h>
26 #include <linux/kvm_para.h>
27 #include <linux/cpu.h>
29 #include <linux/highmem.h>
30 #include <linux/hardirq.h>
31 #include <linux/notifier.h>
32 #include <linux/reboot.h>
33 #include <linux/hash.h>
34 #include <linux/sched.h>
35 #include <linux/slab.h>
36 #include <linux/kprobes.h>
37 #include <linux/debugfs.h>
38 #include <linux/nmi.h>
39 #include <linux/swait.h>
40 #include <asm/timer.h>
42 #include <asm/traps.h>
44 #include <asm/tlbflush.h>
46 #include <asm/apicdef.h>
47 #include <asm/hypervisor.h>
48 #include <asm/kvm_guest.h>
50 static int kvmapf = 1;
52 static int parse_no_kvmapf(char *arg)
58 early_param("no-kvmapf", parse_no_kvmapf);
60 static int steal_acc = 1;
61 static int parse_no_stealacc(char *arg)
67 early_param("no-steal-acc", parse_no_stealacc);
69 static int kvmclock_vsyscall = 1;
70 static int parse_no_kvmclock_vsyscall(char *arg)
72 kvmclock_vsyscall = 0;
76 early_param("no-kvmclock-vsyscall", parse_no_kvmclock_vsyscall);
78 static DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct kvm_vcpu_pv_apf_data, apf_reason) __aligned(64);
79 static DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct kvm_steal_time, steal_time) __aligned(64);
80 static int has_steal_clock = 0;
83 * No need for any "IO delay" on KVM
85 static void kvm_io_delay(void)
89 #define KVM_TASK_SLEEP_HASHBITS 8
90 #define KVM_TASK_SLEEP_HASHSIZE (1<<KVM_TASK_SLEEP_HASHBITS)
92 struct kvm_task_sleep_node {
93 struct hlist_node link;
94 struct swait_queue_head wq;
100 static struct kvm_task_sleep_head {
102 struct hlist_head list;
103 } async_pf_sleepers[KVM_TASK_SLEEP_HASHSIZE];
105 static struct kvm_task_sleep_node *_find_apf_task(struct kvm_task_sleep_head *b,
108 struct hlist_node *p;
110 hlist_for_each(p, &b->list) {
111 struct kvm_task_sleep_node *n =
112 hlist_entry(p, typeof(*n), link);
113 if (n->token == token)
120 void kvm_async_pf_task_wait(u32 token)
122 u32 key = hash_32(token, KVM_TASK_SLEEP_HASHBITS);
123 struct kvm_task_sleep_head *b = &async_pf_sleepers[key];
124 struct kvm_task_sleep_node n, *e;
125 DECLARE_SWAITQUEUE(wait);
129 raw_spin_lock(&b->lock);
130 e = _find_apf_task(b, token);
132 /* dummy entry exist -> wake up was delivered ahead of PF */
135 raw_spin_unlock(&b->lock);
142 n.cpu = smp_processor_id();
143 n.halted = is_idle_task(current) || preempt_count() > 1;
144 init_swait_queue_head(&n.wq);
145 hlist_add_head(&n.link, &b->list);
146 raw_spin_unlock(&b->lock);
150 prepare_to_swait(&n.wq, &wait, TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE);
151 if (hlist_unhashed(&n.link))
162 * We cannot reschedule. So halt.
171 finish_swait(&n.wq, &wait);
176 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(kvm_async_pf_task_wait);
178 static void apf_task_wake_one(struct kvm_task_sleep_node *n)
180 hlist_del_init(&n->link);
182 smp_send_reschedule(n->cpu);
183 else if (swait_active(&n->wq))
187 static void apf_task_wake_all(void)
191 for (i = 0; i < KVM_TASK_SLEEP_HASHSIZE; i++) {
192 struct hlist_node *p, *next;
193 struct kvm_task_sleep_head *b = &async_pf_sleepers[i];
194 raw_spin_lock(&b->lock);
195 hlist_for_each_safe(p, next, &b->list) {
196 struct kvm_task_sleep_node *n =
197 hlist_entry(p, typeof(*n), link);
198 if (n->cpu == smp_processor_id())
199 apf_task_wake_one(n);
201 raw_spin_unlock(&b->lock);
205 void kvm_async_pf_task_wake(u32 token)
207 u32 key = hash_32(token, KVM_TASK_SLEEP_HASHBITS);
208 struct kvm_task_sleep_head *b = &async_pf_sleepers[key];
209 struct kvm_task_sleep_node *n;
217 raw_spin_lock(&b->lock);
218 n = _find_apf_task(b, token);
221 * async PF was not yet handled.
222 * Add dummy entry for the token.
224 n = kzalloc(sizeof(*n), GFP_ATOMIC);
227 * Allocation failed! Busy wait while other cpu
230 raw_spin_unlock(&b->lock);
235 n->cpu = smp_processor_id();
236 init_swait_queue_head(&n->wq);
237 hlist_add_head(&n->link, &b->list);
239 apf_task_wake_one(n);
240 raw_spin_unlock(&b->lock);
243 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(kvm_async_pf_task_wake);
245 u32 kvm_read_and_reset_pf_reason(void)
249 if (__this_cpu_read(apf_reason.enabled)) {
250 reason = __this_cpu_read(apf_reason.reason);
251 __this_cpu_write(apf_reason.reason, 0);
256 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(kvm_read_and_reset_pf_reason);
257 NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(kvm_read_and_reset_pf_reason);
260 do_async_page_fault(struct pt_regs *regs, unsigned long error_code)
262 enum ctx_state prev_state;
264 switch (kvm_read_and_reset_pf_reason()) {
266 trace_do_page_fault(regs, error_code);
268 case KVM_PV_REASON_PAGE_NOT_PRESENT:
269 /* page is swapped out by the host. */
270 prev_state = exception_enter();
271 kvm_async_pf_task_wait((u32)read_cr2());
272 exception_exit(prev_state);
274 case KVM_PV_REASON_PAGE_READY:
276 kvm_async_pf_task_wake((u32)read_cr2());
281 NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(do_async_page_fault);
283 static void __init paravirt_ops_setup(void)
285 pv_info.name = "KVM";
287 if (kvm_para_has_feature(KVM_FEATURE_NOP_IO_DELAY))
288 pv_cpu_ops.io_delay = kvm_io_delay;
290 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_IO_APIC
295 static void kvm_register_steal_time(void)
297 int cpu = smp_processor_id();
298 struct kvm_steal_time *st = &per_cpu(steal_time, cpu);
300 if (!has_steal_clock)
303 wrmsrl(MSR_KVM_STEAL_TIME, (slow_virt_to_phys(st) | KVM_MSR_ENABLED));
304 pr_info("kvm-stealtime: cpu %d, msr %llx\n",
305 cpu, (unsigned long long) slow_virt_to_phys(st));
308 static DEFINE_PER_CPU(unsigned long, kvm_apic_eoi) = KVM_PV_EOI_DISABLED;
310 static notrace void kvm_guest_apic_eoi_write(u32 reg, u32 val)
313 * This relies on __test_and_clear_bit to modify the memory
314 * in a way that is atomic with respect to the local CPU.
315 * The hypervisor only accesses this memory from the local CPU so
316 * there's no need for lock or memory barriers.
317 * An optimization barrier is implied in apic write.
319 if (__test_and_clear_bit(KVM_PV_EOI_BIT, this_cpu_ptr(&kvm_apic_eoi)))
321 apic->native_eoi_write(APIC_EOI, APIC_EOI_ACK);
324 static void kvm_guest_cpu_init(void)
326 if (!kvm_para_available())
329 if (kvm_para_has_feature(KVM_FEATURE_ASYNC_PF) && kvmapf) {
330 u64 pa = slow_virt_to_phys(this_cpu_ptr(&apf_reason));
332 #ifdef CONFIG_PREEMPT
333 pa |= KVM_ASYNC_PF_SEND_ALWAYS;
335 pa |= KVM_ASYNC_PF_ENABLED;
337 /* Async page fault support for L1 hypervisor is optional */
338 if (wrmsr_safe(MSR_KVM_ASYNC_PF_EN,
339 (pa | KVM_ASYNC_PF_DELIVERY_AS_PF_VMEXIT) & 0xffffffff, pa >> 32) < 0)
340 wrmsrl(MSR_KVM_ASYNC_PF_EN, pa);
341 __this_cpu_write(apf_reason.enabled, 1);
342 printk(KERN_INFO"KVM setup async PF for cpu %d\n",
346 if (kvm_para_has_feature(KVM_FEATURE_PV_EOI)) {
348 /* Size alignment is implied but just to make it explicit. */
349 BUILD_BUG_ON(__alignof__(kvm_apic_eoi) < 4);
350 __this_cpu_write(kvm_apic_eoi, 0);
351 pa = slow_virt_to_phys(this_cpu_ptr(&kvm_apic_eoi))
353 wrmsrl(MSR_KVM_PV_EOI_EN, pa);
357 kvm_register_steal_time();
360 static void kvm_pv_disable_apf(void)
362 if (!__this_cpu_read(apf_reason.enabled))
365 wrmsrl(MSR_KVM_ASYNC_PF_EN, 0);
366 __this_cpu_write(apf_reason.enabled, 0);
368 printk(KERN_INFO"Unregister pv shared memory for cpu %d\n",
372 static void kvm_pv_guest_cpu_reboot(void *unused)
375 * We disable PV EOI before we load a new kernel by kexec,
376 * since MSR_KVM_PV_EOI_EN stores a pointer into old kernel's memory.
377 * New kernel can re-enable when it boots.
379 if (kvm_para_has_feature(KVM_FEATURE_PV_EOI))
380 wrmsrl(MSR_KVM_PV_EOI_EN, 0);
381 kvm_pv_disable_apf();
382 kvm_disable_steal_time();
385 static int kvm_pv_reboot_notify(struct notifier_block *nb,
386 unsigned long code, void *unused)
388 if (code == SYS_RESTART)
389 on_each_cpu(kvm_pv_guest_cpu_reboot, NULL, 1);
393 static struct notifier_block kvm_pv_reboot_nb = {
394 .notifier_call = kvm_pv_reboot_notify,
397 static u64 kvm_steal_clock(int cpu)
400 struct kvm_steal_time *src;
403 src = &per_cpu(steal_time, cpu);
405 version = src->version;
409 } while ((version & 1) || (version != src->version));
414 void kvm_disable_steal_time(void)
416 if (!has_steal_clock)
419 wrmsr(MSR_KVM_STEAL_TIME, 0, 0);
423 static void __init kvm_smp_prepare_boot_cpu(void)
425 kvm_guest_cpu_init();
426 native_smp_prepare_boot_cpu();
430 static void kvm_guest_cpu_offline(void)
432 kvm_disable_steal_time();
433 if (kvm_para_has_feature(KVM_FEATURE_PV_EOI))
434 wrmsrl(MSR_KVM_PV_EOI_EN, 0);
435 kvm_pv_disable_apf();
439 static int kvm_cpu_online(unsigned int cpu)
442 kvm_guest_cpu_init();
447 static int kvm_cpu_down_prepare(unsigned int cpu)
450 kvm_guest_cpu_offline();
456 static void __init kvm_apf_trap_init(void)
458 set_intr_gate(14, async_page_fault);
461 void __init kvm_guest_init(void)
465 if (!kvm_para_available())
468 paravirt_ops_setup();
469 register_reboot_notifier(&kvm_pv_reboot_nb);
470 for (i = 0; i < KVM_TASK_SLEEP_HASHSIZE; i++)
471 raw_spin_lock_init(&async_pf_sleepers[i].lock);
472 if (kvm_para_has_feature(KVM_FEATURE_ASYNC_PF))
473 x86_init.irqs.trap_init = kvm_apf_trap_init;
475 if (kvm_para_has_feature(KVM_FEATURE_STEAL_TIME)) {
477 pv_time_ops.steal_clock = kvm_steal_clock;
480 if (kvm_para_has_feature(KVM_FEATURE_PV_EOI))
481 apic_set_eoi_write(kvm_guest_apic_eoi_write);
483 if (kvmclock_vsyscall)
484 kvm_setup_vsyscall_timeinfo();
487 smp_ops.smp_prepare_boot_cpu = kvm_smp_prepare_boot_cpu;
488 if (cpuhp_setup_state_nocalls(CPUHP_AP_ONLINE_DYN, "x86/kvm:online",
489 kvm_cpu_online, kvm_cpu_down_prepare) < 0)
490 pr_err("kvm_guest: Failed to install cpu hotplug callbacks\n");
492 kvm_guest_cpu_init();
496 * Hard lockup detection is enabled by default. Disable it, as guests
497 * can get false positives too easily, for example if the host is
500 hardlockup_detector_disable();
503 static noinline uint32_t __kvm_cpuid_base(void)
505 if (boot_cpu_data.cpuid_level < 0)
506 return 0; /* So we don't blow up on old processors */
508 if (boot_cpu_has(X86_FEATURE_HYPERVISOR))
509 return hypervisor_cpuid_base("KVMKVMKVM\0\0\0", 0);
514 static inline uint32_t kvm_cpuid_base(void)
516 static int kvm_cpuid_base = -1;
518 if (kvm_cpuid_base == -1)
519 kvm_cpuid_base = __kvm_cpuid_base();
521 return kvm_cpuid_base;
524 bool kvm_para_available(void)
526 return kvm_cpuid_base() != 0;
528 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(kvm_para_available);
530 unsigned int kvm_arch_para_features(void)
532 return cpuid_eax(kvm_cpuid_base() | KVM_CPUID_FEATURES);
535 static uint32_t __init kvm_detect(void)
537 return kvm_cpuid_base();
540 const struct hypervisor_x86 x86_hyper_kvm __refconst = {
542 .detect = kvm_detect,
543 .x2apic_available = kvm_para_available,
545 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(x86_hyper_kvm);
547 static __init int activate_jump_labels(void)
549 if (has_steal_clock) {
550 static_key_slow_inc(¶virt_steal_enabled);
552 static_key_slow_inc(¶virt_steal_rq_enabled);
557 arch_initcall(activate_jump_labels);
559 #ifdef CONFIG_PARAVIRT_SPINLOCKS
561 /* Kick a cpu by its apicid. Used to wake up a halted vcpu */
562 static void kvm_kick_cpu(int cpu)
565 unsigned long flags = 0;
567 apicid = per_cpu(x86_cpu_to_apicid, cpu);
568 kvm_hypercall2(KVM_HC_KICK_CPU, flags, apicid);
571 #include <asm/qspinlock.h>
573 static void kvm_wait(u8 *ptr, u8 val)
580 local_irq_save(flags);
582 if (READ_ONCE(*ptr) != val)
586 * halt until it's our turn and kicked. Note that we do safe halt
587 * for irq enabled case to avoid hang when lock info is overwritten
588 * in irq spinlock slowpath and no spurious interrupt occur to save us.
590 if (arch_irqs_disabled_flags(flags))
596 local_irq_restore(flags);
600 __visible bool __kvm_vcpu_is_preempted(long cpu)
602 struct kvm_steal_time *src = &per_cpu(steal_time, cpu);
604 return !!src->preempted;
606 PV_CALLEE_SAVE_REGS_THUNK(__kvm_vcpu_is_preempted);
610 #include <asm/asm-offsets.h>
612 extern bool __raw_callee_save___kvm_vcpu_is_preempted(long);
615 * Hand-optimize version for x86-64 to avoid 8 64-bit register saving and
616 * restoring to/from the stack.
619 ".pushsection .text;"
620 ".global __raw_callee_save___kvm_vcpu_is_preempted;"
621 ".type __raw_callee_save___kvm_vcpu_is_preempted, @function;"
622 "__raw_callee_save___kvm_vcpu_is_preempted:"
623 "movq __per_cpu_offset(,%rdi,8), %rax;"
624 "cmpb $0, " __stringify(KVM_STEAL_TIME_preempted) "+steal_time(%rax);"
632 * Setup pv_lock_ops to exploit KVM_FEATURE_PV_UNHALT if present.
634 void __init kvm_spinlock_init(void)
636 if (!kvm_para_available())
638 /* Does host kernel support KVM_FEATURE_PV_UNHALT? */
639 if (!kvm_para_has_feature(KVM_FEATURE_PV_UNHALT))
642 __pv_init_lock_hash();
643 pv_lock_ops.queued_spin_lock_slowpath = __pv_queued_spin_lock_slowpath;
644 pv_lock_ops.queued_spin_unlock = PV_CALLEE_SAVE(__pv_queued_spin_unlock);
645 pv_lock_ops.wait = kvm_wait;
646 pv_lock_ops.kick = kvm_kick_cpu;
648 if (kvm_para_has_feature(KVM_FEATURE_STEAL_TIME)) {
649 pv_lock_ops.vcpu_is_preempted =
650 PV_CALLEE_SAVE(__kvm_vcpu_is_preempted);
654 #endif /* CONFIG_PARAVIRT_SPINLOCKS */