mm/madvise.c

   1 /*
   2  *      linux/mm/madvise.c
   3  *
   4  * Copyright (C) 1999  Linus Torvalds
   5  * Copyright (C) 2002  Christoph Hellwig
   6  */
   7
   8 #include <linux/mman.h>
   9 #include <linux/pagemap.h>
  10 #include <linux/syscalls.h>
  11 #include <linux/mempolicy.h>
  12 #include <linux/page-isolation.h>
  13 #include <linux/hugetlb.h>
  14 #include <linux/falloc.h>
  15 #include <linux/sched.h>
  16 #include <linux/ksm.h>
  17 #include <linux/fs.h>
  18 #include <linux/file.h>
  19 #include <linux/blkdev.h>
  20 #include <linux/backing-dev.h>
  21 #include <linux/swap.h>
  22 #include <linux/swapops.h>
  23 #include <linux/mmu_notifier.h>
  24
  25 #include <asm/tlb.h>
  26
  27 /*
  28  * Any behaviour which results in changes to the vma->vm_flags needs to
  29  * take mmap_sem for writing. Others, which simply traverse vmas, need
  30  * to only take it for reading.
  31  */
  32 static int madvise_need_mmap_write(int behavior)
  33 {
  34         switch (behavior) {
  35         case MADV_REMOVE:
  36         case MADV_WILLNEED:
  37         case MADV_DONTNEED:
  38         case MADV_FREE:
  39                 return 0;
  40         default:
  41                 /* be safe, default to 1. list exceptions explicitly */
  42                 return 1;
  43         }
  44 }
  45
  46 /*
  47  * We can potentially split a vm area into separate
  48  * areas, each area with its own behavior.
  49  */
  50 static long madvise_behavior(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
  51                      struct vm_area_struct **prev,
  52                      unsigned long start, unsigned long end, int behavior)
  53 {
  54         struct mm_struct *mm = vma->vm_mm;
  55         int error = 0;
  56         pgoff_t pgoff;
  57         unsigned long new_flags = vma->vm_flags;
  58
  59         switch (behavior) {
  60         case MADV_NORMAL:
  61                 new_flags = new_flags & ~VM_RAND_READ & ~VM_SEQ_READ;
  62                 break;
  63         case MADV_SEQUENTIAL:
  64                 new_flags = (new_flags & ~VM_RAND_READ) | VM_SEQ_READ;
  65                 break;
  66         case MADV_RANDOM:
  67                 new_flags = (new_flags & ~VM_SEQ_READ) | VM_RAND_READ;
  68                 break;
  69         case MADV_DONTFORK:
  70                 new_flags |= VM_DONTCOPY;
  71                 break;
  72         case MADV_DOFORK:
  73                 if (vma->vm_flags & VM_IO) {
  74                         error = -EINVAL;
  75                         goto out;
  76                 }
  77                 new_flags &= ~VM_DONTCOPY;
  78                 break;
  79         case MADV_DONTDUMP:
  80                 new_flags |= VM_DONTDUMP;
  81                 break;
  82         case MADV_DODUMP:
  83                 if (new_flags & VM_SPECIAL) {
  84                         error = -EINVAL;
  85                         goto out;
  86                 }
  87                 new_flags &= ~VM_DONTDUMP;
  88                 break;
  89         case MADV_MERGEABLE:
  90         case MADV_UNMERGEABLE:
  91                 error = ksm_madvise(vma, start, end, behavior, &new_flags);
  92                 if (error)
  93                         goto out;
  94                 break;
  95         case MADV_HUGEPAGE:
  96         case MADV_NOHUGEPAGE:
  97                 error = hugepage_madvise(vma, &new_flags, behavior);
  98                 if (error)
  99                         goto out;
 100                 break;
 101         }
 102
 103         if (new_flags == vma->vm_flags) {
 104                 *prev = vma;
 105                 goto out;
 106         }
 107
 108         pgoff = vma->vm_pgoff + ((start - vma->vm_start) >> PAGE_SHIFT);
 109         *prev = vma_merge(mm, *prev, start, end, new_flags, vma->anon_vma,
 110                           vma->vm_file, pgoff, vma_policy(vma),
 111                           vma->vm_userfaultfd_ctx);
 112         if (*prev) {
 113                 vma = *prev;
 114                 goto success;
 115         }
 116
 117         *prev = vma;
 118
 119         if (start != vma->vm_start) {
 120                 error = split_vma(mm, vma, start, 1);
 121                 if (error)
 122                         goto out;
 123         }
 124
 125         if (end != vma->vm_end) {
 126                 error = split_vma(mm, vma, end, 0);
 127                 if (error)
 128                         goto out;
 129         }
 130
 131 success:
 132         /*
 133          * vm_flags is protected by the mmap_sem held in write mode.
 134          */
 135         vma->vm_flags = new_flags;
 136
 137 out:
 138         if (error == -ENOMEM)
 139                 error = -EAGAIN;
 140         return error;
 141 }
 142
 143 #ifdef CONFIG_SWAP
 144 static int swapin_walk_pmd_entry(pmd_t *pmd, unsigned long start,
 145         unsigned long end, struct mm_walk *walk)
 146 {
 147         pte_t *orig_pte;
 148         struct vm_area_struct *vma = walk->private;
 149         unsigned long index;
 150
 151         if (pmd_none_or_trans_huge_or_clear_bad(pmd))
 152                 return 0;
 153
 154         for (index = start; index != end; index += PAGE_SIZE) {
 155                 pte_t pte;
 156                 swp_entry_t entry;
 157                 struct page *page;
 158                 spinlock_t *ptl;
 159
 160                 orig_pte = pte_offset_map_lock(vma->vm_mm, pmd, start, &ptl);
 161                 pte = *(orig_pte + ((index - start) / PAGE_SIZE));
 162                 pte_unmap_unlock(orig_pte, ptl);
 163
 164                 if (pte_present(pte) || pte_none(pte))
 165                         continue;
 166                 entry = pte_to_swp_entry(pte);
 167                 if (unlikely(non_swap_entry(entry)))
 168                         continue;
 169
 170                 page = read_swap_cache_async(entry, GFP_HIGHUSER_MOVABLE,
 171                                                                 vma, index);
 172                 if (page)
 173                         put_page(page);
 174         }
 175
 176         return 0;
 177 }
 178
 179 static void force_swapin_readahead(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
 180                 unsigned long start, unsigned long end)
 181 {
 182         struct mm_walk walk = {
 183                 .mm = vma->vm_mm,
 184                 .pmd_entry = swapin_walk_pmd_entry,
 185                 .private = vma,
 186         };
 187
 188         walk_page_range(start, end, &walk);
 189
 190         lru_add_drain();        /* Push any new pages onto the LRU now */
 191 }
 192
 193 static void force_shm_swapin_readahead(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
 194                 unsigned long start, unsigned long end,
 195                 struct address_space *mapping)
 196 {
 197         pgoff_t index;
 198         struct page *page;
 199         swp_entry_t swap;
 200
 201         for (; start < end; start += PAGE_SIZE) {
 202                 index = ((start - vma->vm_start) >> PAGE_SHIFT) + vma->vm_pgoff;
 203
 204                 page = find_get_entry(mapping, index);
 205                 if (!radix_tree_exceptional_entry(page)) {
 206                         if (page)
 207                                 put_page(page);
 208                         continue;
 209                 }
 210                 swap = radix_to_swp_entry(page);
 211                 page = read_swap_cache_async(swap, GFP_HIGHUSER_MOVABLE,
 212                                                                 NULL, 0);
 213                 if (page)
 214                         put_page(page);
 215         }
 216
 217         lru_add_drain();        /* Push any new pages onto the LRU now */
 218 }
 219 #endif          /* CONFIG_SWAP */
 220
 221 /*
 222  * Schedule all required I/O operations.  Do not wait for completion.
 223  */
 224 static long madvise_willneed(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
 225                              struct vm_area_struct **prev,
 226                              unsigned long start, unsigned long end)
 227 {
 228         struct file *file = vma->vm_file;
 229
 230 #ifdef CONFIG_SWAP
 231         if (!file) {
 232                 *prev = vma;
 233                 force_swapin_readahead(vma, start, end);
 234                 return 0;
 235         }
 236
 237         if (shmem_mapping(file->f_mapping)) {
 238                 *prev = vma;
 239                 force_shm_swapin_readahead(vma, start, end,
 240                                         file->f_mapping);
 241                 return 0;
 242         }
 243 #else
 244         if (!file)
 245                 return -EBADF;
 246 #endif
 247
 248         if (IS_DAX(file_inode(file))) {
 249                 /* no bad return value, but ignore advice */
 250                 return 0;
 251         }
 252
 253         *prev = vma;
 254         start = ((start - vma->vm_start) >> PAGE_SHIFT) + vma->vm_pgoff;
 255         if (end > vma->vm_end)
 256                 end = vma->vm_end;
 257         end = ((end - vma->vm_start) >> PAGE_SHIFT) + vma->vm_pgoff;
 258
 259         force_page_cache_readahead(file->f_mapping, file, start, end - start);
 260         return 0;
 261 }
 262
 263 static int madvise_free_pte_range(pmd_t *pmd, unsigned long addr,
 264                                 unsigned long end, struct mm_walk *walk)
 265
 266 {
 267         struct mmu_gather *tlb = walk->private;
 268         struct mm_struct *mm = tlb->mm;
 269         struct vm_area_struct *vma = walk->vma;
 270         spinlock_t *ptl;
 271         pte_t *orig_pte, *pte, ptent;
 272         struct page *page;
 273         int nr_swap = 0;
 274         unsigned long next;
 275
 276         next = pmd_addr_end(addr, end);
 277         if (pmd_trans_huge(*pmd))
 278                 if (madvise_free_huge_pmd(tlb, vma, pmd, addr, next))
 279                         goto next;
 280
 281         if (pmd_trans_unstable(pmd))
 282                 return 0;
 283
 284         orig_pte = pte = pte_offset_map_lock(mm, pmd, addr, &ptl);
 285         arch_enter_lazy_mmu_mode();
 286         for (; addr != end; pte++, addr += PAGE_SIZE) {
 287                 ptent = *pte;
 288
 289                 if (pte_none(ptent))
 290                         continue;
 291                 /*
 292                  * If the pte has swp_entry, just clear page table to
 293                  * prevent swap-in which is more expensive rather than
 294                  * (page allocation + zeroing).
 295                  */
 296                 if (!pte_present(ptent)) {
 297                         swp_entry_t entry;
 298
 299                         entry = pte_to_swp_entry(ptent);
 300                         if (non_swap_entry(entry))
 301                                 continue;
 302                         nr_swap--;
 303                         free_swap_and_cache(entry);
 304                         pte_clear_not_present_full(mm, addr, pte, tlb->fullmm);
 305                         continue;
 306                 }
 307
 308                 page = vm_normal_page(vma, addr, ptent);
 309                 if (!page)
 310                         continue;
 311
 312                 /*
 313                  * If pmd isn't transhuge but the page is THP and
 314                  * is owned by only this process, split it and
 315                  * deactivate all pages.
 316                  */
 317                 if (PageTransCompound(page)) {
 318                         if (page_mapcount(page) != 1)
 319                                 goto out;
 320                         get_page(page);
 321                         if (!trylock_page(page)) {
 322                                 put_page(page);
 323                                 goto out;
 324                         }
 325                         pte_unmap_unlock(orig_pte, ptl);
 326                         if (split_huge_page(page)) {
 327                                 unlock_page(page);
 328                                 put_page(page);
 329                                 pte_offset_map_lock(mm, pmd, addr, &ptl);
 330                                 goto out;
 331                         }
 332                         put_page(page);
 333                         unlock_page(page);
 334                         pte = pte_offset_map_lock(mm, pmd, addr, &ptl);
 335                         pte--;
 336                         addr -= PAGE_SIZE;
 337                         continue;
 338                 }
 339
 340                 VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(PageTransCompound(page), page);
 341
 342                 if (PageSwapCache(page) || PageDirty(page)) {
 343                         if (!trylock_page(page))
 344                                 continue;
 345                         /*
 346                          * If page is shared with others, we couldn't clear
 347                          * PG_dirty of the page.
 348                          */
 349                         if (page_mapcount(page) != 1) {
 350                                 unlock_page(page);
 351                                 continue;
 352                         }
 353
 354                         if (PageSwapCache(page) && !try_to_free_swap(page)) {
 355                                 unlock_page(page);
 356                                 continue;
 357                         }
 358
 359                         ClearPageDirty(page);
 360                         unlock_page(page);
 361                 }
 362
 363                 if (pte_young(ptent) || pte_dirty(ptent)) {
 364                         /*
 365                          * Some of architecture(ex, PPC) don't update TLB
 366                          * with set_pte_at and tlb_remove_tlb_entry so for
 367                          * the portability, remap the pte with old|clean
 368                          * after pte clearing.
 369                          */
 370                         ptent = ptep_get_and_clear_full(mm, addr, pte,
 371                                                         tlb->fullmm);
 372
 373                         ptent = pte_mkold(ptent);
 374                         ptent = pte_mkclean(ptent);
 375                         set_pte_at(mm, addr, pte, ptent);
 376                         if (PageActive(page))
 377                                 deactivate_page(page);
 378                         tlb_remove_tlb_entry(tlb, pte, addr);
 379                 }
 380         }
 381 out:
 382         if (nr_swap) {
 383                 if (current->mm == mm)
 384                         sync_mm_rss(mm);
 385
 386                 add_mm_counter(mm, MM_SWAPENTS, nr_swap);
 387         }
 388         arch_leave_lazy_mmu_mode();
 389         pte_unmap_unlock(orig_pte, ptl);
 390         cond_resched();
 391 next:
 392         return 0;
 393 }
 394
 395 static void madvise_free_page_range(struct mmu_gather *tlb,
 396                              struct vm_area_struct *vma,
 397                              unsigned long addr, unsigned long end)
 398 {
 399         struct mm_walk free_walk = {
 400                 .pmd_entry = madvise_free_pte_range,
 401                 .mm = vma->vm_mm,
 402                 .private = tlb,
 403         };
 404
 405         tlb_start_vma(tlb, vma);
 406         walk_page_range(addr, end, &free_walk);
 407         tlb_end_vma(tlb, vma);
 408 }
 409
 410 static int madvise_free_single_vma(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
 411                         unsigned long start_addr, unsigned long end_addr)
 412 {
 413         unsigned long start, end;
 414         struct mm_struct *mm = vma->vm_mm;
 415         struct mmu_gather tlb;
 416
 417         if (vma->vm_flags & (VM_LOCKED|VM_HUGETLB|VM_PFNMAP))
 418                 return -EINVAL;
 419
 420         /* MADV_FREE works for only anon vma at the moment */
 421         if (!vma_is_anonymous(vma))
 422                 return -EINVAL;
 423
 424         start = max(vma->vm_start, start_addr);
 425         if (start >= vma->vm_end)
 426                 return -EINVAL;
 427         end = min(vma->vm_end, end_addr);
 428         if (end <= vma->vm_start)
 429                 return -EINVAL;
 430
 431         lru_add_drain();
 432         tlb_gather_mmu(&tlb, mm, start, end);
 433         update_hiwater_rss(mm);
 434
 435         mmu_notifier_invalidate_range_start(mm, start, end);
 436         madvise_free_page_range(&tlb, vma, start, end);
 437         mmu_notifier_invalidate_range_end(mm, start, end);
 438         tlb_finish_mmu(&tlb, start, end);
 439
 440         return 0;
 441 }
 442
 443 static long madvise_free(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
 444                              struct vm_area_struct **prev,
 445                              unsigned long start, unsigned long end)
 446 {
 447         *prev = vma;
 448         return madvise_free_single_vma(vma, start, end);
 449 }
 450
 451 /*
 452  * Application no longer needs these pages.  If the pages are dirty,
 453  * it's OK to just throw them away.  The app will be more careful about
 454  * data it wants to keep.  Be sure to free swap resources too.  The
 455  * zap_page_range call sets things up for shrink_active_list to actually free
 456  * these pages later if no one else has touched them in the meantime,
 457  * although we could add these pages to a global reuse list for
 458  * shrink_active_list to pick up before reclaiming other pages.
 459  *
 460  * NB: This interface discards data rather than pushes it out to swap,
 461  * as some implementations do.  This has performance implications for
 462  * applications like large transactional databases which want to discard
 463  * pages in anonymous maps after committing to backing store the data
 464  * that was kept in them.  There is no reason to write this data out to
 465  * the swap area if the application is discarding it.
 466  *
 467  * An interface that causes the system to free clean pages and flush
 468  * dirty pages is already available as msync(MS_INVALIDATE).
 469  */
 470 static long madvise_dontneed(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
 471                              struct vm_area_struct **prev,
 472                              unsigned long start, unsigned long end)
 473 {
 474         *prev = vma;
 475         if (vma->vm_flags & (VM_LOCKED|VM_HUGETLB|VM_PFNMAP))
 476                 return -EINVAL;
 477
 478         zap_page_range(vma, start, end - start, NULL);
 479         return 0;
 480 }
 481
 482 /*
 483  * Application wants to free up the pages and associated backing store.
 484  * This is effectively punching a hole into the middle of a file.
 485  */
 486 static long madvise_remove(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
 487                                 struct vm_area_struct **prev,
 488                                 unsigned long start, unsigned long end)
 489 {
 490         loff_t offset;
 491         int error;
 492         struct file *f;
 493
 494         *prev = NULL;   /* tell sys_madvise we drop mmap_sem */
 495
 496         if (vma->vm_flags & VM_LOCKED)
 497                 return -EINVAL;
 498
 499         f = vma->vm_file;
 500
 501         if (!f || !f->f_mapping || !f->f_mapping->host) {
 502                         return -EINVAL;
 503         }
 504
 505         if ((vma->vm_flags & (VM_SHARED|VM_WRITE)) != (VM_SHARED|VM_WRITE))
 506                 return -EACCES;
 507
 508         offset = (loff_t)(start - vma->vm_start)
 509                         + ((loff_t)vma->vm_pgoff << PAGE_SHIFT);
 510
 511         /*
 512          * Filesystem's fallocate may need to take i_mutex.  We need to
 513          * explicitly grab a reference because the vma (and hence the
 514          * vma's reference to the file) can go away as soon as we drop
 515          * mmap_sem.
 516          */
 517         get_file(f);
 518         up_read(&current->mm->mmap_sem);
 519         error = vfs_fallocate(f,
 520                                 FALLOC_FL_PUNCH_HOLE | FALLOC_FL_KEEP_SIZE,
 521                                 offset, end - start);
 522         fput(f);
 523         down_read(&current->mm->mmap_sem);
 524         return error;
 525 }
 526
 527 #ifdef CONFIG_MEMORY_FAILURE
 528 /*
 529  * Error injection support for memory error handling.
 530  */
 531 static int madvise_hwpoison(int bhv, unsigned long start, unsigned long end)
 532 {
 533         struct page *p;
 534         if (!capable(CAP_SYS_ADMIN))
 535                 return -EPERM;
 536         for (; start < end; start += PAGE_SIZE <<
 537                                 compound_order(compound_head(p))) {
 538                 int ret;
 539
 540                 ret = get_user_pages_fast(start, 1, 0, &p);
 541                 if (ret != 1)
 542                         return ret;
 543
 544                 if (PageHWPoison(p)) {
 545                         put_page(p);
 546                         continue;
 547                 }
 548                 if (bhv == MADV_SOFT_OFFLINE) {
 549                         pr_info("Soft offlining page %#lx at %#lx\n",
 550                                 page_to_pfn(p), start);
 551                         ret = soft_offline_page(p, MF_COUNT_INCREASED);
 552                         if (ret)
 553                                 return ret;
 554                         continue;
 555                 }
 556                 pr_info("Injecting memory failure for page %#lx at %#lx\n",
 557                        page_to_pfn(p), start);
 558                 ret = memory_failure(page_to_pfn(p), 0, MF_COUNT_INCREASED);
 559                 if (ret)
 560                         return ret;
 561         }
 562         return 0;
 563 }
 564 #endif
 565
 566 static long
 567 madvise_vma(struct vm_area_struct *vma, struct vm_area_struct **prev,
 568                 unsigned long start, unsigned long end, int behavior)
 569 {
 570         switch (behavior) {
 571         case MADV_REMOVE:
 572                 return madvise_remove(vma, prev, start, end);
 573         case MADV_WILLNEED:
 574                 return madvise_willneed(vma, prev, start, end);
 575         case MADV_FREE:
 576                 /*
 577                  * XXX: In this implementation, MADV_FREE works like
 578                  * MADV_DONTNEED on swapless system or full swap.
 579                  */
 580                 if (get_nr_swap_pages() > 0)
 581                         return madvise_free(vma, prev, start, end);
 582                 /* passthrough */
 583         case MADV_DONTNEED:
 584                 return madvise_dontneed(vma, prev, start, end);
 585         default:
 586                 return madvise_behavior(vma, prev, start, end, behavior);
 587         }
 588 }
 589
 590 static bool
 591 madvise_behavior_valid(int behavior)
 592 {
 593         switch (behavior) {
 594         case MADV_DOFORK:
 595         case MADV_DONTFORK:
 596         case MADV_NORMAL:
 597         case MADV_SEQUENTIAL:
 598         case MADV_RANDOM:
 599         case MADV_REMOVE:
 600         case MADV_WILLNEED:
 601         case MADV_DONTNEED:
 602         case MADV_FREE:
 603 #ifdef CONFIG_KSM
 604         case MADV_MERGEABLE:
 605         case MADV_UNMERGEABLE:
 606 #endif
 607 #ifdef CONFIG_TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE
 608         case MADV_HUGEPAGE:
 609         case MADV_NOHUGEPAGE:
 610 #endif
 611         case MADV_DONTDUMP:
 612         case MADV_DODUMP:
 613                 return true;
 614
 615         default:
 616                 return false;
 617         }
 618 }
 619
 620 /*
 621  * The madvise(2) system call.
 622  *
 623  * Applications can use madvise() to advise the kernel how it should
 624  * handle paging I/O in this VM area.  The idea is to help the kernel
 625  * use appropriate read-ahead and caching techniques.  The information
 626  * provided is advisory only, and can be safely disregarded by the
 627  * kernel without affecting the correct operation of the application.
 628  *
 629  * behavior values:
 630  *  MADV_NORMAL - the default behavior is to read clusters.  This
 631  *              results in some read-ahead and read-behind.
 632  *  MADV_RANDOM - the system should read the minimum amount of data
 633  *              on any access, since it is unlikely that the appli-
 634  *              cation will need more than what it asks for.
 635  *  MADV_SEQUENTIAL - pages in the given range will probably be accessed
 636  *              once, so they can be aggressively read ahead, and
 637  *              can be freed soon after they are accessed.
 638  *  MADV_WILLNEED - the application is notifying the system to read
 639  *              some pages ahead.
 640  *  MADV_DONTNEED - the application is finished with the given range,
 641  *              so the kernel can free resources associated with it.
 642  *  MADV_FREE - the application marks pages in the given range as lazy free,
 643  *              where actual purges are postponed until memory pressure happens.
 644  *  MADV_REMOVE - the application wants to free up the given range of
 645  *              pages and associated backing store.
 646  *  MADV_DONTFORK - omit this area from child's address space when forking:
 647  *              typically, to avoid COWing pages pinned by get_user_pages().
 648  *  MADV_DOFORK - cancel MADV_DONTFORK: no longer omit this area when forking.
 649  *  MADV_HWPOISON - trigger memory error handler as if the given memory range
 650  *              were corrupted by unrecoverable hardware memory failure.
 651  *  MADV_SOFT_OFFLINE - try to soft-offline the given range of memory.
 652  *  MADV_MERGEABLE - the application recommends that KSM try to merge pages in
 653  *              this area with pages of identical content from other such areas.
 654  *  MADV_UNMERGEABLE- cancel MADV_MERGEABLE: no longer merge pages with others.
 655  *  MADV_HUGEPAGE - the application wants to back the given range by transparent
 656  *              huge pages in the future. Existing pages might be coalesced and
 657  *              new pages might be allocated as THP.
 658  *  MADV_NOHUGEPAGE - mark the given range as not worth being backed by
 659  *              transparent huge pages so the existing pages will not be
 660  *              coalesced into THP and new pages will not be allocated as THP.
 661  *  MADV_DONTDUMP - the application wants to prevent pages in the given range
 662  *              from being included in its core dump.
 663  *  MADV_DODUMP - cancel MADV_DONTDUMP: no longer exclude from core dump.
 664  *
 665  * return values:
 666  *  zero    - success
 667  *  -EINVAL - start + len < 0, start is not page-aligned,
 668  *              "behavior" is not a valid value, or application
 669  *              is attempting to release locked or shared pages.
 670  *  -ENOMEM - addresses in the specified range are not currently
 671  *              mapped, or are outside the AS of the process.
 672  *  -EIO    - an I/O error occurred while paging in data.
 673  *  -EBADF  - map exists, but area maps something that isn't a file.
 674  *  -EAGAIN - a kernel resource was temporarily unavailable.
 675  */
 676 SYSCALL_DEFINE3(madvise, unsigned long, start, size_t, len_in, int, behavior)
 677 {
 678         unsigned long end, tmp;
 679         struct vm_area_struct *vma, *prev;
 680         int unmapped_error = 0;
 681         int error = -EINVAL;
 682         int write;
 683         size_t len;
 684         struct blk_plug plug;
 685
 686 #ifdef CONFIG_MEMORY_FAILURE
 687         if (behavior == MADV_HWPOISON || behavior == MADV_SOFT_OFFLINE)
 688                 return madvise_hwpoison(behavior, start, start+len_in);
 689 #endif
 690         if (!madvise_behavior_valid(behavior))
 691                 return error;
 692
 693         if (start & ~PAGE_MASK)
 694                 return error;
 695         len = (len_in + ~PAGE_MASK) & PAGE_MASK;
 696
 697         /* Check to see whether len was rounded up from small -ve to zero */
 698         if (len_in && !len)
 699                 return error;
 700
 701         end = start + len;
 702         if (end < start)
 703                 return error;
 704
 705         error = 0;
 706         if (end == start)
 707                 return error;
 708
 709         write = madvise_need_mmap_write(behavior);
 710         if (write) {
 711                 if (down_write_killable(&current->mm->mmap_sem))
 712                         return -EINTR;
 713         } else {
 714                 down_read(&current->mm->mmap_sem);
 715         }
 716
 717         /*
 718          * If the interval [start,end) covers some unmapped address
 719          * ranges, just ignore them, but return -ENOMEM at the end.
 720          * - different from the way of handling in mlock etc.
 721          */
 722         vma = find_vma_prev(current->mm, start, &prev);
 723         if (vma && start > vma->vm_start)
 724                 prev = vma;
 725
 726         blk_start_plug(&plug);
 727         for (;;) {
 728                 /* Still start < end. */
 729                 error = -ENOMEM;
 730                 if (!vma)
 731                         goto out;
 732
 733                 /* Here start < (end|vma->vm_end). */
 734                 if (start < vma->vm_start) {
 735                         unmapped_error = -ENOMEM;
 736                         start = vma->vm_start;
 737                         if (start >= end)
 738                                 goto out;
 739                 }
 740
 741                 /* Here vma->vm_start <= start < (end|vma->vm_end) */
 742                 tmp = vma->vm_end;
 743                 if (end < tmp)
 744                         tmp = end;
 745
 746                 /* Here vma->vm_start <= start < tmp <= (end|vma->vm_end). */
 747                 error = madvise_vma(vma, &prev, start, tmp, behavior);
 748                 if (error)
 749                         goto out;
 750                 start = tmp;
 751                 if (prev && start < prev->vm_end)
 752                         start = prev->vm_end;
 753                 error = unmapped_error;
 754                 if (start >= end)
 755                         goto out;
 756                 if (prev)
 757                         vma = prev->vm_next;
 758                 else    /* madvise_remove dropped mmap_sem */
 759                         vma = find_vma(current->mm, start);
 760         }
 761 out:
 762         blk_finish_plug(&plug);
 763         if (write)
 764                 up_write(&current->mm->mmap_sem);
 765         else
 766                 up_read(&current->mm->mmap_sem);
 767
 768         return error;
 769 }