scripts/checkpatch.pl

   1 #!/usr/bin/perl -w
   2 # (c) 2001, Dave Jones. (the file handling bit)
   3 # (c) 2005, Joel Schopp <jschopp@austin.ibm.com> (the ugly bit)
   4 # (c) 2007,2008, Andy Whitcroft <apw@uk.ibm.com> (new conditions, test suite)
   5 # (c) 2008-2010 Andy Whitcroft <apw@canonical.com>
   6 # Licensed under the terms of the GNU GPL License version 2
   7
   8 use strict;
   9 use POSIX;
  10 use File::Basename;
  11 use Cwd 'abs_path';
  12 use Term::ANSIColor qw(:constants);
  13
  14 my $P = $0;
  15 my $D = dirname(abs_path($P));
  16
  17 my $V = '0.32';
  18
  19 use Getopt::Long qw(:config no_auto_abbrev);
  20
  21 my $quiet = 0;
  22 my $tree = 1;
  23 my $chk_signoff = 1;
  24 my $chk_patch = 1;
  25 my $tst_only;
  26 my $emacs = 0;
  27 my $terse = 0;
  28 my $showfile = 0;
  29 my $file = 0;
  30 my $check = 0;
  31 my $check_orig = 0;
  32 my $summary = 1;
  33 my $mailback = 0;
  34 my $summary_file = 0;
  35 my $show_types = 0;
  36 my $fix = 0;
  37 my $fix_inplace = 0;
  38 my $root;
  39 my %debug;
  40 my %camelcase = ();
  41 my %use_type = ();
  42 my @use = ();
  43 my %ignore_type = ();
  44 my @ignore = ();
  45 my $help = 0;
  46 my $configuration_file = ".checkpatch.conf";
  47 my $max_line_length = 80;
  48 my $ignore_perl_version = 0;
  49 my $minimum_perl_version = 5.10.0;
  50 my $min_conf_desc_length = 4;
  51 my $spelling_file = "$D/spelling.txt";
  52 my $codespell = 0;
  53 my $codespellfile = "/usr/share/codespell/dictionary.txt";
  54 my $color = 1;
  55
  56 sub help {
  57         my ($exitcode) = @_;
  58
  59         print << "EOM";
  60 Usage: $P [OPTION]... [FILE]...
  61 Version: $V
  62
  63 Options:
  64   -q, --quiet                quiet
  65   --no-tree                  run without a kernel tree
  66   --no-signoff               do not check for 'Signed-off-by' line
  67   --patch                    treat FILE as patchfile (default)
  68   --emacs                    emacs compile window format
  69   --terse                    one line per report
  70   --showfile                 emit diffed file position, not input file position
  71   -f, --file                 treat FILE as regular source file
  72   --subjective, --strict     enable more subjective tests
  73   --types TYPE(,TYPE2...)    show only these comma separated message types
  74   --ignore TYPE(,TYPE2...)   ignore various comma separated message types
  75   --max-line-length=n        set the maximum line length, if exceeded, warn
  76   --min-conf-desc-length=n   set the min description length, if shorter, warn
  77   --show-types               show the message "types" in the output
  78   --root=PATH                PATH to the kernel tree root
  79   --no-summary               suppress the per-file summary
  80   --mailback                 only produce a report in case of warnings/errors
  81   --summary-file             include the filename in summary
  82   --debug KEY=[0|1]          turn on/off debugging of KEY, where KEY is one of
  83                              'values', 'possible', 'type', and 'attr' (default
  84                              is all off)
  85   --test-only=WORD           report only warnings/errors containing WORD
  86                              literally
  87   --fix                      EXPERIMENTAL - may create horrible results
  88                              If correctable single-line errors exist, create
  89                              "<inputfile>.EXPERIMENTAL-checkpatch-fixes"
  90                              with potential errors corrected to the preferred
  91                              checkpatch style
  92   --fix-inplace              EXPERIMENTAL - may create horrible results
  93                              Is the same as --fix, but overwrites the input
  94                              file.  It's your fault if there's no backup or git
  95   --ignore-perl-version      override checking of perl version.  expect
  96                              runtime errors.
  97   --codespell                Use the codespell dictionary for spelling/typos
  98                              (default:/usr/share/codespell/dictionary.txt)
  99   --codespellfile            Use this codespell dictionary
 100   --color                    Use colors when output is STDOUT (default: on)
 101   -h, --help, --version      display this help and exit
 102
 103 When FILE is - read standard input.
 104 EOM
 105
 106         exit($exitcode);
 107 }
 108
 109 my $conf = which_conf($configuration_file);
 110 if (-f $conf) {
 111         my @conf_args;
 112         open(my $conffile, '<', "$conf")
 113             or warn "$P: Can't find a readable $configuration_file file $!\n";
 114
 115         while (<$conffile>) {
 116                 my $line = $_;
 117
 118                 $line =~ s/\s*\n?$//g;
 119                 $line =~ s/^\s*//g;
 120                 $line =~ s/\s+/ /g;
 121
 122                 next if ($line =~ m/^\s*#/);
 123                 next if ($line =~ m/^\s*$/);
 124
 125                 my @words = split(" ", $line);
 126                 foreach my $word (@words) {
 127                         last if ($word =~ m/^#/);
 128                         push (@conf_args, $word);
 129                 }
 130         }
 131         close($conffile);
 132         unshift(@ARGV, @conf_args) if @conf_args;
 133 }
 134
 135 GetOptions(
 136         'q|quiet+'      => \$quiet,
 137         'tree!'         => \$tree,
 138         'signoff!'      => \$chk_signoff,
 139         'patch!'        => \$chk_patch,
 140         'emacs!'        => \$emacs,
 141         'terse!'        => \$terse,
 142         'showfile!'     => \$showfile,
 143         'f|file!'       => \$file,
 144         'subjective!'   => \$check,
 145         'strict!'       => \$check,
 146         'ignore=s'      => \@ignore,
 147         'types=s'       => \@use,
 148         'show-types!'   => \$show_types,
 149         'max-line-length=i' => \$max_line_length,
 150         'min-conf-desc-length=i' => \$min_conf_desc_length,
 151         'root=s'        => \$root,
 152         'summary!'      => \$summary,
 153         'mailback!'     => \$mailback,
 154         'summary-file!' => \$summary_file,
 155         'fix!'          => \$fix,
 156         'fix-inplace!'  => \$fix_inplace,
 157         'ignore-perl-version!' => \$ignore_perl_version,
 158         'debug=s'       => \%debug,
 159         'test-only=s'   => \$tst_only,
 160         'codespell!'    => \$codespell,
 161         'codespellfile=s'       => \$codespellfile,
 162         'color!'        => \$color,
 163         'h|help'        => \$help,
 164         'version'       => \$help
 165 ) or help(1);
 166
 167 help(0) if ($help);
 168
 169 $fix = 1 if ($fix_inplace);
 170 $check_orig = $check;
 171
 172 my $exit = 0;
 173
 174 if ($^V && $^V lt $minimum_perl_version) {
 175         printf "$P: requires at least perl version %vd\n", $minimum_perl_version;
 176         if (!$ignore_perl_version) {
 177                 exit(1);
 178         }
 179 }
 180
 181 if ($#ARGV < 0) {
 182         print "$P: no input files\n";
 183         exit(1);
 184 }
 185
 186 sub hash_save_array_words {
 187         my ($hashRef, $arrayRef) = @_;
 188
 189         my @array = split(/,/, join(',', @$arrayRef));
 190         foreach my $word (@array) {
 191                 $word =~ s/\s*\n?$//g;
 192                 $word =~ s/^\s*//g;
 193                 $word =~ s/\s+/ /g;
 194                 $word =~ tr/[a-z]/[A-Z]/;
 195
 196                 next if ($word =~ m/^\s*#/);
 197                 next if ($word =~ m/^\s*$/);
 198
 199                 $hashRef->{$word}++;
 200         }
 201 }
 202
 203 sub hash_show_words {
 204         my ($hashRef, $prefix) = @_;
 205
 206         if (keys %$hashRef) {
 207                 print "\nNOTE: $prefix message types:";
 208                 foreach my $word (sort keys %$hashRef) {
 209                         print " $word";
 210                 }
 211                 print "\n";
 212         }
 213 }
 214
 215 hash_save_array_words(\%ignore_type, \@ignore);
 216 hash_save_array_words(\%use_type, \@use);
 217
 218 my $dbg_values = 0;
 219 my $dbg_possible = 0;
 220 my $dbg_type = 0;
 221 my $dbg_attr = 0;
 222 for my $key (keys %debug) {
 223         ## no critic
 224         eval "\${dbg_$key} = '$debug{$key}';";
 225         die "$@" if ($@);
 226 }
 227
 228 my $rpt_cleaners = 0;
 229
 230 if ($terse) {
 231         $emacs = 1;
 232         $quiet++;
 233 }
 234
 235 if ($tree) {
 236         if (defined $root) {
 237                 if (!top_of_kernel_tree($root)) {
 238                         die "$P: $root: --root does not point at a valid tree\n";
 239                 }
 240         } else {
 241                 if (top_of_kernel_tree('.')) {
 242                         $root = '.';
 243                 } elsif ($0 =~ m@(.*)/scripts/[^/]*$@ &&
 244                                                 top_of_kernel_tree($1)) {
 245                         $root = $1;
 246                 }
 247         }
 248
 249         if (!defined $root) {
 250                 print "Must be run from the top-level dir. of a kernel tree\n";
 251                 exit(2);
 252         }
 253 }
 254
 255 my $emitted_corrupt = 0;
 256
 257 our $Ident      = qr{
 258                         [A-Za-z_][A-Za-z\d_]*
 259                         (?:\s*\#\#\s*[A-Za-z_][A-Za-z\d_]*)*
 260                 }x;
 261 our $Storage    = qr{extern|static|asmlinkage};
 262 our $Sparse     = qr{
 263                         __user|
 264                         __kernel|
 265                         __force|
 266                         __iomem|
 267                         __must_check|
 268                         __init_refok|
 269                         __kprobes|
 270                         __ref|
 271                         __rcu
 272                 }x;
 273 our $InitAttributePrefix = qr{__(?:mem|cpu|dev|net_|)};
 274 our $InitAttributeData = qr{$InitAttributePrefix(?:initdata\b)};
 275 our $InitAttributeConst = qr{$InitAttributePrefix(?:initconst\b)};
 276 our $InitAttributeInit = qr{$InitAttributePrefix(?:init\b)};
 277 our $InitAttribute = qr{$InitAttributeData|$InitAttributeConst|$InitAttributeInit};
 278
 279 # Notes to $Attribute:
 280 # We need \b after 'init' otherwise 'initconst' will cause a false positive in a check
 281 our $Attribute  = qr{
 282                         const|
 283                         __percpu|
 284                         __nocast|
 285                         __safe|
 286                         __bitwise__|
 287                         __packed__|
 288                         __packed2__|
 289                         __naked|
 290                         __maybe_unused|
 291                         __always_unused|
 292                         __noreturn|
 293                         __used|
 294                         __cold|
 295                         __pure|
 296                         __noclone|
 297                         __deprecated|
 298                         __read_mostly|
 299                         __kprobes|
 300                         $InitAttribute|
 301                         ____cacheline_aligned|
 302                         ____cacheline_aligned_in_smp|
 303                         ____cacheline_internodealigned_in_smp|
 304                         __weak
 305                   }x;
 306 our $Modifier;
 307 our $Inline     = qr{inline|__always_inline|noinline|__inline|__inline__};
 308 our $Member     = qr{->$Ident|\.$Ident|\[[^]]*\]};
 309 our $Lval       = qr{$Ident(?:$Member)*};
 310
 311 our $Int_type   = qr{(?i)llu|ull|ll|lu|ul|l|u};
 312 our $Binary     = qr{(?i)0b[01]+$Int_type?};
 313 our $Hex        = qr{(?i)0x[0-9a-f]+$Int_type?};
 314 our $Int        = qr{[0-9]+$Int_type?};
 315 our $Octal      = qr{0[0-7]+$Int_type?};
 316 our $String     = qr{"[X\t]*"};
 317 our $Float_hex  = qr{(?i)0x[0-9a-f]+p-?[0-9]+[fl]?};
 318 our $Float_dec  = qr{(?i)(?:[0-9]+\.[0-9]*|[0-9]*\.[0-9]+)(?:e-?[0-9]+)?[fl]?};
 319 our $Float_int  = qr{(?i)[0-9]+e-?[0-9]+[fl]?};
 320 our $Float      = qr{$Float_hex|$Float_dec|$Float_int};
 321 our $Constant   = qr{$Float|$Binary|$Octal|$Hex|$Int};
 322 our $Assignment = qr{\*\=|/=|%=|\+=|-=|<<=|>>=|&=|\^=|\|=|=};
 323 our $Compare    = qr{<=|>=|==|!=|<|(?<!-)>};
 324 our $Arithmetic = qr{\+|-|\*|\/|%};
 325 our $Operators  = qr{
 326                         <=|>=|==|!=|
 327                         =>|->|<<|>>|<|>|!|~|
 328                         &&|\|\||,|\^|\+\+|--|&|\||$Arithmetic
 329                   }x;
 330
 331 our $c90_Keywords = qr{do|for|while|if|else|return|goto|continue|switch|default|case|break}x;
 332
 333 our $BasicType;
 334 our $NonptrType;
 335 our $NonptrTypeMisordered;
 336 our $NonptrTypeWithAttr;
 337 our $Type;
 338 our $TypeMisordered;
 339 our $Declare;
 340 our $DeclareMisordered;
 341
 342 our $NON_ASCII_UTF8     = qr{
 343         [\xC2-\xDF][\x80-\xBF]               # non-overlong 2-byte
 344         |  \xE0[\xA0-\xBF][\x80-\xBF]        # excluding overlongs
 345         | [\xE1-\xEC\xEE\xEF][\x80-\xBF]{2}  # straight 3-byte
 346         |  \xED[\x80-\x9F][\x80-\xBF]        # excluding surrogates
 347         |  \xF0[\x90-\xBF][\x80-\xBF]{2}     # planes 1-3
 348         | [\xF1-\xF3][\x80-\xBF]{3}          # planes 4-15
 349         |  \xF4[\x80-\x8F][\x80-\xBF]{2}     # plane 16
 350 }x;
 351
 352 our $UTF8       = qr{
 353         [\x09\x0A\x0D\x20-\x7E]              # ASCII
 354         | $NON_ASCII_UTF8
 355 }x;
 356
 357 our $typeC99Typedefs = qr{(?:__)?(?:[us]_?)?int_?(?:8|16|32|64)_t};
 358 our $typeOtherOSTypedefs = qr{(?x:
 359         u_(?:char|short|int|long) |          # bsd
 360         u(?:nchar|short|int|long)            # sysv
 361 )};
 362 our $typeKernelTypedefs = qr{(?x:
 363         (?:__)?(?:u|s|be|le)(?:8|16|32|64)|
 364         atomic_t
 365 )};
 366 our $typeTypedefs = qr{(?x:
 367         $typeC99Typedefs\b|
 368         $typeOtherOSTypedefs\b|
 369         $typeKernelTypedefs\b
 370 )};
 371
 372 our $logFunctions = qr{(?x:
 373         printk(?:_ratelimited|_once|)|
 374         (?:[a-z0-9]+_){1,2}(?:printk|emerg|alert|crit|err|warning|warn|notice|info|debug|dbg|vdbg|devel|cont|WARN)(?:_ratelimited|_once|)|
 375         WARN(?:_RATELIMIT|_ONCE|)|
 376         panic|
 377         MODULE_[A-Z_]+|
 378         seq_vprintf|seq_printf|seq_puts
 379 )};
 380
 381 our $signature_tags = qr{(?xi:
 382         Signed-off-by:|
 383         Acked-by:|
 384         Tested-by:|
 385         Reviewed-by:|
 386         Reported-by:|
 387         Suggested-by:|
 388         To:|
 389         Cc:
 390 )};
 391
 392 our @typeListMisordered = (
 393         qr{char\s+(?:un)?signed},
 394         qr{int\s+(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?short\s},
 395         qr{int\s+short(?:\s+(?:un)?signed)},
 396         qr{short\s+int(?:\s+(?:un)?signed)},
 397         qr{(?:un)?signed\s+int\s+short},
 398         qr{short\s+(?:un)?signed},
 399         qr{long\s+int\s+(?:un)?signed},
 400         qr{int\s+long\s+(?:un)?signed},
 401         qr{long\s+(?:un)?signed\s+int},
 402         qr{int\s+(?:un)?signed\s+long},
 403         qr{int\s+(?:un)?signed},
 404         qr{int\s+long\s+long\s+(?:un)?signed},
 405         qr{long\s+long\s+int\s+(?:un)?signed},
 406         qr{long\s+long\s+(?:un)?signed\s+int},
 407         qr{long\s+long\s+(?:un)?signed},
 408         qr{long\s+(?:un)?signed},
 409 );
 410
 411 our @typeList = (
 412         qr{void},
 413         qr{(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?char},
 414         qr{(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?short\s+int},
 415         qr{(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?short},
 416         qr{(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?int},
 417         qr{(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long\s+int},
 418         qr{(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long\s+long\s+int},
 419         qr{(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long\s+long},
 420         qr{(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long},
 421         qr{(?:un)?signed},
 422         qr{float},
 423         qr{double},
 424         qr{bool},
 425         qr{struct\s+$Ident},
 426         qr{union\s+$Ident},
 427         qr{enum\s+$Ident},
 428         qr{${Ident}_t},
 429         qr{${Ident}_handler},
 430         qr{${Ident}_handler_fn},
 431         @typeListMisordered,
 432 );
 433 our @typeListFile = ();
 434 our @typeListWithAttr = (
 435         @typeList,
 436         qr{struct\s+$InitAttribute\s+$Ident},
 437         qr{union\s+$InitAttribute\s+$Ident},
 438 );
 439
 440 our @modifierList = (
 441         qr{fastcall},
 442 );
 443 our @modifierListFile = ();
 444
 445 our @mode_permission_funcs = (
 446         ["module_param", 3],
 447         ["module_param_(?:array|named|string)", 4],
 448         ["module_param_array_named", 5],
 449         ["debugfs_create_(?:file|u8|u16|u32|u64|x8|x16|x32|x64|size_t|atomic_t|bool|blob|regset32|u32_array)", 2],
 450         ["proc_create(?:_data|)", 2],
 451         ["(?:CLASS|DEVICE|SENSOR)_ATTR", 2],
 452 );
 453
 454 #Create a search pattern for all these functions to speed up a loop below
 455 our $mode_perms_search = "";
 456 foreach my $entry (@mode_permission_funcs) {
 457         $mode_perms_search .= '|' if ($mode_perms_search ne "");
 458         $mode_perms_search .= $entry->[0];
 459 }
 460
 461 our $mode_perms_world_writable = qr{
 462         S_IWUGO         |
 463         S_IWOTH         |
 464         S_IRWXUGO       |
 465         S_IALLUGO       |
 466         0[0-7][0-7][2367]
 467 }x;
 468
 469 our $allowed_asm_includes = qr{(?x:
 470         irq|
 471         memory|
 472         time|
 473         reboot
 474 )};
 475 # memory.h: ARM has a custom one
 476
 477 # Load common spelling mistakes and build regular expression list.
 478 my $misspellings;
 479 my %spelling_fix;
 480
 481 if (open(my $spelling, '<', $spelling_file)) {
 482         while (<$spelling>) {
 483                 my $line = $_;
 484
 485                 $line =~ s/\s*\n?$//g;
 486                 $line =~ s/^\s*//g;
 487
 488                 next if ($line =~ m/^\s*#/);
 489                 next if ($line =~ m/^\s*$/);
 490
 491                 my ($suspect, $fix) = split(/\|\|/, $line);
 492
 493                 $spelling_fix{$suspect} = $fix;
 494         }
 495         close($spelling);
 496 } else {
 497         warn "No typos will be found - file '$spelling_file': $!\n";
 498 }
 499
 500 if ($codespell) {
 501         if (open(my $spelling, '<', $codespellfile)) {
 502                 while (<$spelling>) {
 503                         my $line = $_;
 504
 505                         $line =~ s/\s*\n?$//g;
 506                         $line =~ s/^\s*//g;
 507
 508                         next if ($line =~ m/^\s*#/);
 509                         next if ($line =~ m/^\s*$/);
 510                         next if ($line =~ m/, disabled/i);
 511
 512                         $line =~ s/,.*$//;
 513
 514                         my ($suspect, $fix) = split(/->/, $line);
 515
 516                         $spelling_fix{$suspect} = $fix;
 517                 }
 518                 close($spelling);
 519         } else {
 520                 warn "No codespell typos will be found - file '$codespellfile': $!\n";
 521         }
 522 }
 523
 524 $misspellings = join("|", sort keys %spelling_fix) if keys %spelling_fix;
 525
 526 sub build_types {
 527         my $mods = "(?x:  \n" . join("|\n  ", (@modifierList, @modifierListFile)) . "\n)";
 528         my $all = "(?x:  \n" . join("|\n  ", (@typeList, @typeListFile)) . "\n)";
 529         my $Misordered = "(?x:  \n" . join("|\n  ", @typeListMisordered) . "\n)";
 530         my $allWithAttr = "(?x:  \n" . join("|\n  ", @typeListWithAttr) . "\n)";
 531         $Modifier       = qr{(?:$Attribute|$Sparse|$mods)};
 532         $BasicType      = qr{
 533                                 (?:$typeTypedefs\b)|
 534                                 (?:${all}\b)
 535                 }x;
 536         $NonptrType     = qr{
 537                         (?:$Modifier\s+|const\s+)*
 538                         (?:
 539                                 (?:typeof|__typeof__)\s*\([^\)]*\)|
 540                                 (?:$typeTypedefs\b)|
 541                                 (?:${all}\b)
 542                         )
 543                         (?:\s+$Modifier|\s+const)*
 544                   }x;
 545         $NonptrTypeMisordered   = qr{
 546                         (?:$Modifier\s+|const\s+)*
 547                         (?:
 548                                 (?:${Misordered}\b)
 549                         )
 550                         (?:\s+$Modifier|\s+const)*
 551                   }x;
 552         $NonptrTypeWithAttr     = qr{
 553                         (?:$Modifier\s+|const\s+)*
 554                         (?:
 555                                 (?:typeof|__typeof__)\s*\([^\)]*\)|
 556                                 (?:$typeTypedefs\b)|
 557                                 (?:${allWithAttr}\b)
 558                         )
 559                         (?:\s+$Modifier|\s+const)*
 560                   }x;
 561         $Type   = qr{
 562                         $NonptrType
 563                         (?:(?:\s|\*|\[\])+\s*const|(?:\s|\*\s*(?:const\s*)?|\[\])+|(?:\s*\[\s*\])+)?
 564                         (?:\s+$Inline|\s+$Modifier)*
 565                   }x;
 566         $TypeMisordered = qr{
 567                         $NonptrTypeMisordered
 568                         (?:(?:\s|\*|\[\])+\s*const|(?:\s|\*\s*(?:const\s*)?|\[\])+|(?:\s*\[\s*\])+)?
 569                         (?:\s+$Inline|\s+$Modifier)*
 570                   }x;
 571         $Declare        = qr{(?:$Storage\s+(?:$Inline\s+)?)?$Type};
 572         $DeclareMisordered      = qr{(?:$Storage\s+(?:$Inline\s+)?)?$TypeMisordered};
 573 }
 574 build_types();
 575
 576 our $Typecast   = qr{\s*(\(\s*$NonptrType\s*\)){0,1}\s*};
 577
 578 # Using $balanced_parens, $LvalOrFunc, or $FuncArg
 579 # requires at least perl version v5.10.0
 580 # Any use must be runtime checked with $^V
 581
 582 our $balanced_parens = qr/(\((?:[^\(\)]++|(?-1))*\))/;
 583 our $LvalOrFunc = qr{((?:[\&\*]\s*)?$Lval)\s*($balanced_parens{0,1})\s*};
 584 our $FuncArg = qr{$Typecast{0,1}($LvalOrFunc|$Constant|$String)};
 585
 586 our $declaration_macros = qr{(?x:
 587         (?:$Storage\s+)?(?:[A-Z_][A-Z0-9]*_){0,2}(?:DEFINE|DECLARE)(?:_[A-Z0-9]+){1,2}\s*\(|
 588         (?:$Storage\s+)?LIST_HEAD\s*\(|
 589         (?:$Storage\s+)?${Type}\s+uninitialized_var\s*\(
 590 )};
 591
 592 sub deparenthesize {
 593         my ($string) = @_;
 594         return "" if (!defined($string));
 595
 596         while ($string =~ /^\s*\(.*\)\s*$/) {
 597                 $string =~ s@^\s*\(\s*@@;
 598                 $string =~ s@\s*\)\s*$@@;
 599         }
 600
 601         $string =~ s@\s+@ @g;
 602
 603         return $string;
 604 }
 605
 606 sub seed_camelcase_file {
 607         my ($file) = @_;
 608
 609         return if (!(-f $file));
 610
 611         local $/;
 612
 613         open(my $include_file, '<', "$file")
 614             or warn "$P: Can't read '$file' $!\n";
 615         my $text = <$include_file>;
 616         close($include_file);
 617
 618         my @lines = split('\n', $text);
 619
 620         foreach my $line (@lines) {
 621                 next if ($line !~ /(?:[A-Z][a-z]|[a-z][A-Z])/);
 622                 if ($line =~ /^[ \t]*(?:#[ \t]*define|typedef\s+$Type)\s+(\w*(?:[A-Z][a-z]|[a-z][A-Z])\w*)/) {
 623                         $camelcase{$1} = 1;
 624                 } elsif ($line =~ /^\s*$Declare\s+(\w*(?:[A-Z][a-z]|[a-z][A-Z])\w*)\s*[\(\[,;]/) {
 625                         $camelcase{$1} = 1;
 626                 } elsif ($line =~ /^\s*(?:union|struct|enum)\s+(\w*(?:[A-Z][a-z]|[a-z][A-Z])\w*)\s*[;\{]/) {
 627                         $camelcase{$1} = 1;
 628                 }
 629         }
 630 }
 631
 632 my $camelcase_seeded = 0;
 633 sub seed_camelcase_includes {
 634         return if ($camelcase_seeded);
 635
 636         my $files;
 637         my $camelcase_cache = "";
 638         my @include_files = ();
 639
 640         $camelcase_seeded = 1;
 641
 642         if (-e ".git") {
 643                 my $git_last_include_commit = `git log --no-merges --pretty=format:"%h%n" -1 -- include`;
 644                 chomp $git_last_include_commit;
 645                 $camelcase_cache = ".checkpatch-camelcase.git.$git_last_include_commit";
 646         } else {
 647                 my $last_mod_date = 0;
 648                 $files = `find $root/include -name "*.h"`;
 649                 @include_files = split('\n', $files);
 650                 foreach my $file (@include_files) {
 651                         my $date = POSIX::strftime("%Y%m%d%H%M",
 652                                                    localtime((stat $file)[9]));
 653                         $last_mod_date = $date if ($last_mod_date < $date);
 654                 }
 655                 $camelcase_cache = ".checkpatch-camelcase.date.$last_mod_date";
 656         }
 657
 658         if ($camelcase_cache ne "" && -f $camelcase_cache) {
 659                 open(my $camelcase_file, '<', "$camelcase_cache")
 660                     or warn "$P: Can't read '$camelcase_cache' $!\n";
 661                 while (<$camelcase_file>) {
 662                         chomp;
 663                         $camelcase{$_} = 1;
 664                 }
 665                 close($camelcase_file);
 666
 667                 return;
 668         }
 669
 670         if (-e ".git") {
 671                 $files = `git ls-files "include/*.h"`;
 672                 @include_files = split('\n', $files);
 673         }
 674
 675         foreach my $file (@include_files) {
 676                 seed_camelcase_file($file);
 677         }
 678
 679         if ($camelcase_cache ne "") {
 680                 unlink glob ".checkpatch-camelcase.*";
 681                 open(my $camelcase_file, '>', "$camelcase_cache")
 682                     or warn "$P: Can't write '$camelcase_cache' $!\n";
 683                 foreach (sort { lc($a) cmp lc($b) } keys(%camelcase)) {
 684                         print $camelcase_file ("$_\n");
 685                 }
 686                 close($camelcase_file);
 687         }
 688 }
 689
 690 sub git_commit_info {
 691         my ($commit, $id, $desc) = @_;
 692
 693         return ($id, $desc) if ((which("git") eq "") || !(-e ".git"));
 694
 695         my $output = `git log --no-color --format='%H %s' -1 $commit 2>&1`;
 696         $output =~ s/^\s*//gm;
 697         my @lines = split("\n", $output);
 698
 699         return ($id, $desc) if ($#lines < 0);
 700
 701         if ($lines[0] =~ /^error: short SHA1 $commit is ambiguous\./) {
 702 # Maybe one day convert this block of bash into something that returns
 703 # all matching commit ids, but it's very slow...
 704 #
 705 #               echo "checking commits $1..."
 706 #               git rev-list --remotes | grep -i "^$1" |
 707 #               while read line ; do
 708 #                   git log --format='%H %s' -1 $line |
 709 #                   echo "commit $(cut -c 1-12,41-)"
 710 #               done
 711         } elsif ($lines[0] =~ /^fatal: ambiguous argument '$commit': unknown revision or path not in the working tree\./) {
 712         } else {
 713                 $id = substr($lines[0], 0, 12);
 714                 $desc = substr($lines[0], 41);
 715         }
 716
 717         return ($id, $desc);
 718 }
 719
 720 $chk_signoff = 0 if ($file);
 721
 722 my @rawlines = ();
 723 my @lines = ();
 724 my @fixed = ();
 725 my @fixed_inserted = ();
 726 my @fixed_deleted = ();
 727 my $fixlinenr = -1;
 728
 729 my $vname;
 730 for my $filename (@ARGV) {
 731         my $FILE;
 732         if ($file) {
 733                 open($FILE, '-|', "diff -u /dev/null $filename") ||
 734                         die "$P: $filename: diff failed - $!\n";
 735         } elsif ($filename eq '-') {
 736                 open($FILE, '<&STDIN');
 737         } else {
 738                 open($FILE, '<', "$filename") ||
 739                         die "$P: $filename: open failed - $!\n";
 740         }
 741         if ($filename eq '-') {
 742                 $vname = 'Your patch';
 743         } else {
 744                 $vname = $filename;
 745         }
 746         while (<$FILE>) {
 747                 chomp;
 748                 push(@rawlines, $_);
 749         }
 750         close($FILE);
 751
 752         if ($#ARGV > 0 && $quiet == 0) {
 753                 print '-' x length($vname) . "\n";
 754                 print "$vname\n";
 755                 print '-' x length($vname) . "\n";
 756         }
 757
 758         if (!process($filename)) {
 759                 $exit = 1;
 760         }
 761         @rawlines = ();
 762         @lines = ();
 763         @fixed = ();
 764         @fixed_inserted = ();
 765         @fixed_deleted = ();
 766         $fixlinenr = -1;
 767         @modifierListFile = ();
 768         @typeListFile = ();
 769         build_types();
 770 }
 771
 772 if (!$quiet) {
 773         hash_show_words(\%use_type, "Used");
 774         hash_show_words(\%ignore_type, "Ignored");
 775
 776         if ($^V lt 5.10.0) {
 777                 print << "EOM"
 778
 779 NOTE: perl $^V is not modern enough to detect all possible issues.
 780       An upgrade to at least perl v5.10.0 is suggested.
 781 EOM
 782         }
 783         if ($exit) {
 784                 print << "EOM"
 785
 786 NOTE: If any of the errors are false positives, please report
 787       them to the maintainer, see CHECKPATCH in MAINTAINERS.
 788 EOM
 789         }
 790 }
 791
 792 exit($exit);
 793
 794 sub top_of_kernel_tree {
 795         my ($root) = @_;
 796
 797         my @tree_check = (
 798                 "COPYING", "CREDITS", "Kbuild", "MAINTAINERS", "Makefile",
 799                 "README", "Documentation", "arch", "include", "drivers",
 800                 "fs", "init", "ipc", "kernel", "lib", "scripts",
 801         );
 802
 803         foreach my $check (@tree_check) {
 804                 if (! -e $root . '/' . $check) {
 805                         return 0;
 806                 }
 807         }
 808         return 1;
 809 }
 810
 811 sub parse_email {
 812         my ($formatted_email) = @_;
 813
 814         my $name = "";
 815         my $address = "";
 816         my $comment = "";
 817
 818         if ($formatted_email =~ /^(.*)<(\S+\@\S+)>(.*)$/) {
 819                 $name = $1;
 820                 $address = $2;
 821                 $comment = $3 if defined $3;
 822         } elsif ($formatted_email =~ /^\s*<(\S+\@\S+)>(.*)$/) {
 823                 $address = $1;
 824                 $comment = $2 if defined $2;
 825         } elsif ($formatted_email =~ /(\S+\@\S+)(.*)$/) {
 826                 $address = $1;
 827                 $comment = $2 if defined $2;
 828                 $formatted_email =~ s/$address.*$//;
 829                 $name = $formatted_email;
 830                 $name = trim($name);
 831                 $name =~ s/^\"|\"$//g;
 832                 # If there's a name left after stripping spaces and
 833                 # leading quotes, and the address doesn't have both
 834                 # leading and trailing angle brackets, the address
 835                 # is invalid. ie:
 836                 #   "joe smith joe@smith.com" bad
 837                 #   "joe smith <joe@smith.com" bad
 838                 if ($name ne "" && $address !~ /^<[^>]+>$/) {
 839                         $name = "";
 840                         $address = "";
 841                         $comment = "";
 842                 }
 843         }
 844
 845         $name = trim($name);
 846         $name =~ s/^\"|\"$//g;
 847         $address = trim($address);
 848         $address =~ s/^\<|\>$//g;
 849
 850         if ($name =~ /[^\w \-]/i) { ##has "must quote" chars
 851                 $name =~ s/(?<!\\)"/\\"/g; ##escape quotes
 852                 $name = "\"$name\"";
 853         }
 854
 855         return ($name, $address, $comment);
 856 }
 857
 858 sub format_email {
 859         my ($name, $address) = @_;
 860
 861         my $formatted_email;
 862
 863         $name = trim($name);
 864         $name =~ s/^\"|\"$//g;
 865         $address = trim($address);
 866
 867         if ($name =~ /[^\w \-]/i) { ##has "must quote" chars
 868                 $name =~ s/(?<!\\)"/\\"/g; ##escape quotes
 869                 $name = "\"$name\"";
 870         }
 871
 872         if ("$name" eq "") {
 873                 $formatted_email = "$address";
 874         } else {
 875                 $formatted_email = "$name <$address>";
 876         }
 877
 878         return $formatted_email;
 879 }
 880
 881 sub which {
 882         my ($bin) = @_;
 883
 884         foreach my $path (split(/:/, $ENV{PATH})) {
 885                 if (-e "$path/$bin") {
 886                         return "$path/$bin";
 887                 }
 888         }
 889
 890         return "";
 891 }
 892
 893 sub which_conf {
 894         my ($conf) = @_;
 895
 896         foreach my $path (split(/:/, ".:$ENV{HOME}:.scripts")) {
 897                 if (-e "$path/$conf") {
 898                         return "$path/$conf";
 899                 }
 900         }
 901
 902         return "";
 903 }
 904
 905 sub expand_tabs {
 906         my ($str) = @_;
 907
 908         my $res = '';
 909         my $n = 0;
 910         for my $c (split(//, $str)) {
 911                 if ($c eq "\t") {
 912                         $res .= ' ';
 913                         $n++;
 914                         for (; ($n % 8) != 0; $n++) {
 915                                 $res .= ' ';
 916                         }
 917                         next;
 918                 }
 919                 $res .= $c;
 920                 $n++;
 921         }
 922
 923         return $res;
 924 }
 925 sub copy_spacing {
 926         (my $res = shift) =~ tr/\t/ /c;
 927         return $res;
 928 }
 929
 930 sub line_stats {
 931         my ($line) = @_;
 932
 933         # Drop the diff line leader and expand tabs
 934         $line =~ s/^.//;
 935         $line = expand_tabs($line);
 936
 937         # Pick the indent from the front of the line.
 938         my ($white) = ($line =~ /^(\s*)/);
 939
 940         return (length($line), length($white));
 941 }
 942
 943 my $sanitise_quote = '';
 944
 945 sub sanitise_line_reset {
 946         my ($in_comment) = @_;
 947
 948         if ($in_comment) {
 949                 $sanitise_quote = '*/';
 950         } else {
 951                 $sanitise_quote = '';
 952         }
 953 }
 954 sub sanitise_line {
 955         my ($line) = @_;
 956
 957         my $res = '';
 958         my $l = '';
 959
 960         my $qlen = 0;
 961         my $off = 0;
 962         my $c;
 963
 964         # Always copy over the diff marker.
 965         $res = substr($line, 0, 1);
 966
 967         for ($off = 1; $off < length($line); $off++) {
 968                 $c = substr($line, $off, 1);
 969
 970                 # Comments we are wacking completly including the begin
 971                 # and end, all to $;.
 972                 if ($sanitise_quote eq '' && substr($line, $off, 2) eq '/*') {
 973                         $sanitise_quote = '*/';
 974
 975                         substr($res, $off, 2, "$;$;");
 976                         $off++;
 977                         next;
 978                 }
 979                 if ($sanitise_quote eq '*/' && substr($line, $off, 2) eq '*/') {
 980                         $sanitise_quote = '';
 981                         substr($res, $off, 2, "$;$;");
 982                         $off++;
 983                         next;
 984                 }
 985                 if ($sanitise_quote eq '' && substr($line, $off, 2) eq '//') {
 986                         $sanitise_quote = '//';
 987
 988                         substr($res, $off, 2, $sanitise_quote);
 989                         $off++;
 990                         next;
 991                 }
 992
 993                 # A \ in a string means ignore the next character.
 994                 if (($sanitise_quote eq "'" || $sanitise_quote eq '"') &&
 995                     $c eq "\\") {
 996                         substr($res, $off, 2, 'XX');
 997                         $off++;
 998                         next;
 999                 }
1000                 # Regular quotes.
1001                 if ($c eq "'" || $c eq '"') {
1002                         if ($sanitise_quote eq '') {
1003                                 $sanitise_quote = $c;
1004
1005                                 substr($res, $off, 1, $c);
1006                                 next;
1007                         } elsif ($sanitise_quote eq $c) {
1008                                 $sanitise_quote = '';
1009                         }
1010                 }
1011
1012                 #print "c<$c> SQ<$sanitise_quote>\n";
1013                 if ($off != 0 && $sanitise_quote eq '*/' && $c ne "\t") {
1014                         substr($res, $off, 1, $;);
1015                 } elsif ($off != 0 && $sanitise_quote eq '//' && $c ne "\t") {
1016                         substr($res, $off, 1, $;);
1017                 } elsif ($off != 0 && $sanitise_quote && $c ne "\t") {
1018                         substr($res, $off, 1, 'X');
1019                 } else {
1020                         substr($res, $off, 1, $c);
1021                 }
1022         }
1023
1024         if ($sanitise_quote eq '//') {
1025                 $sanitise_quote = '';
1026         }
1027
1028         # The pathname on a #include may be surrounded by '<' and '>'.
1029         if ($res =~ /^.\s*\#\s*include\s+\<(.*)\>/) {
1030                 my $clean = 'X' x length($1);
1031                 $res =~ s@\<.*\>@<$clean>@;
1032
1033         # The whole of a #error is a string.
1034         } elsif ($res =~ /^.\s*\#\s*(?:error|warning)\s+(.*)\b/) {
1035                 my $clean = 'X' x length($1);
1036                 $res =~ s@(\#\s*(?:error|warning)\s+).*@$1$clean@;
1037         }
1038
1039         return $res;
1040 }
1041
1042 sub get_quoted_string {
1043         my ($line, $rawline) = @_;
1044
1045         return "" if ($line !~ m/($String)/g);
1046         return substr($rawline, $-[0], $+[0] - $-[0]);
1047 }
1048
1049 sub ctx_statement_block {
1050         my ($linenr, $remain, $off) = @_;
1051         my $line = $linenr - 1;
1052         my $blk = '';
1053         my $soff = $off;
1054         my $coff = $off - 1;
1055         my $coff_set = 0;
1056
1057         my $loff = 0;
1058
1059         my $type = '';
1060         my $level = 0;
1061         my @stack = ();
1062         my $p;
1063         my $c;
1064         my $len = 0;
1065
1066         my $remainder;
1067         while (1) {
1068                 @stack = (['', 0]) if ($#stack == -1);
1069
1070                 #warn "CSB: blk<$blk> remain<$remain>\n";
1071                 # If we are about to drop off the end, pull in more
1072                 # context.
1073                 if ($off >= $len) {
1074                         for (; $remain > 0; $line++) {
1075                                 last if (!defined $lines[$line]);
1076                                 next if ($lines[$line] =~ /^-/);
1077                                 $remain--;
1078                                 $loff = $len;
1079                                 $blk .= $lines[$line] . "\n";
1080                                 $len = length($blk);
1081                                 $line++;
1082                                 last;
1083                         }
1084                         # Bail if there is no further context.
1085                         #warn "CSB: blk<$blk> off<$off> len<$len>\n";
1086                         if ($off >= $len) {
1087                                 last;
1088                         }
1089                         if ($level == 0 && substr($blk, $off) =~ /^.\s*#\s*define/) {
1090                                 $level++;
1091                                 $type = '#';
1092                         }
1093                 }
1094                 $p = $c;
1095                 $c = substr($blk, $off, 1);
1096                 $remainder = substr($blk, $off);
1097
1098                 #warn "CSB: c<$c> type<$type> level<$level> remainder<$remainder> coff_set<$coff_set>\n";
1099
1100                 # Handle nested #if/#else.
1101                 if ($remainder =~ /^#\s*(?:ifndef|ifdef|if)\s/) {
1102                         push(@stack, [ $type, $level ]);
1103                 } elsif ($remainder =~ /^#\s*(?:else|elif)\b/) {
1104                         ($type, $level) = @{$stack[$#stack - 1]};
1105                 } elsif ($remainder =~ /^#\s*endif\b/) {
1106                         ($type, $level) = @{pop(@stack)};
1107                 }
1108
1109                 # Statement ends at the ';' or a close '}' at the
1110                 # outermost level.
1111                 if ($level == 0 && $c eq ';') {
1112                         last;
1113                 }
1114
1115                 # An else is really a conditional as long as its not else if
1116                 if ($level == 0 && $coff_set == 0 &&
1117                                 (!defined($p) || $p =~ /(?:\s|\}|\+)/) &&
1118                                 $remainder =~ /^(else)(?:\s|{)/ &&
1119                                 $remainder !~ /^else\s+if\b/) {
1120                         $coff = $off + length($1) - 1;
1121                         $coff_set = 1;
1122                         #warn "CSB: mark coff<$coff> soff<$soff> 1<$1>\n";
1123                         #warn "[" . substr($blk, $soff, $coff - $soff + 1) . "]\n";
1124                 }
1125
1126                 if (($type eq '' || $type eq '(') && $c eq '(') {
1127                         $level++;
1128                         $type = '(';
1129                 }
1130                 if ($type eq '(' && $c eq ')') {
1131                         $level--;
1132                         $type = ($level != 0)? '(' : '';
1133
1134                         if ($level == 0 && $coff < $soff) {
1135                                 $coff = $off;
1136                                 $coff_set = 1;
1137                                 #warn "CSB: mark coff<$coff>\n";
1138                         }
1139                 }
1140                 if (($type eq '' || $type eq '{') && $c eq '{') {
1141                         $level++;
1142                         $type = '{';
1143                 }
1144                 if ($type eq '{' && $c eq '}') {
1145                         $level--;
1146                         $type = ($level != 0)? '{' : '';
1147
1148                         if ($level == 0) {
1149                                 if (substr($blk, $off + 1, 1) eq ';') {
1150                                         $off++;
1151                                 }
1152                                 last;
1153                         }
1154                 }
1155                 # Preprocessor commands end at the newline unless escaped.
1156                 if ($type eq '#' && $c eq "\n" && $p ne "\\") {
1157                         $level--;
1158                         $type = '';
1159                         $off++;
1160                         last;
1161                 }
1162                 $off++;
1163         }
1164         # We are truly at the end, so shuffle to the next line.
1165         if ($off == $len) {
1166                 $loff = $len + 1;
1167                 $line++;
1168                 $remain--;
1169         }
1170
1171         my $statement = substr($blk, $soff, $off - $soff + 1);
1172         my $condition = substr($blk, $soff, $coff - $soff + 1);
1173
1174         #warn "STATEMENT<$statement>\n";
1175         #warn "CONDITION<$condition>\n";
1176
1177         #print "coff<$coff> soff<$off> loff<$loff>\n";
1178
1179         return ($statement, $condition,
1180                         $line, $remain + 1, $off - $loff + 1, $level);
1181 }
1182
1183 sub statement_lines {
1184         my ($stmt) = @_;
1185
1186         # Strip the diff line prefixes and rip blank lines at start and end.
1187         $stmt =~ s/(^|\n)./$1/g;
1188         $stmt =~ s/^\s*//;
1189         $stmt =~ s/\s*$//;
1190
1191         my @stmt_lines = ($stmt =~ /\n/g);
1192
1193         return $#stmt_lines + 2;
1194 }
1195
1196 sub statement_rawlines {
1197         my ($stmt) = @_;
1198
1199         my @stmt_lines = ($stmt =~ /\n/g);
1200
1201         return $#stmt_lines + 2;
1202 }
1203
1204 sub statement_block_size {
1205         my ($stmt) = @_;
1206
1207         $stmt =~ s/(^|\n)./$1/g;
1208         $stmt =~ s/^\s*{//;
1209         $stmt =~ s/}\s*$//;
1210         $stmt =~ s/^\s*//;
1211         $stmt =~ s/\s*$//;
1212
1213         my @stmt_lines = ($stmt =~ /\n/g);
1214         my @stmt_statements = ($stmt =~ /;/g);
1215
1216         my $stmt_lines = $#stmt_lines + 2;
1217         my $stmt_statements = $#stmt_statements + 1;
1218
1219         if ($stmt_lines > $stmt_statements) {
1220                 return $stmt_lines;
1221         } else {
1222                 return $stmt_statements;
1223         }
1224 }
1225
1226 sub ctx_statement_full {
1227         my ($linenr, $remain, $off) = @_;
1228         my ($statement, $condition, $level);
1229
1230         my (@chunks);
1231
1232         # Grab the first conditional/block pair.
1233         ($statement, $condition, $linenr, $remain, $off, $level) =
1234                                 ctx_statement_block($linenr, $remain, $off);
1235         #print "F: c<$condition> s<$statement> remain<$remain>\n";
1236         push(@chunks, [ $condition, $statement ]);
1237         if (!($remain > 0 && $condition =~ /^\s*(?:\n[+-])?\s*(?:if|else|do)\b/s)) {
1238                 return ($level, $linenr, @chunks);
1239         }
1240
1241         # Pull in the following conditional/block pairs and see if they
1242         # could continue the statement.
1243         for (;;) {
1244                 ($statement, $condition, $linenr, $remain, $off, $level) =
1245                                 ctx_statement_block($linenr, $remain, $off);
1246                 #print "C: c<$condition> s<$statement> remain<$remain>\n";
1247                 last if (!($remain > 0 && $condition =~ /^(?:\s*\n[+-])*\s*(?:else|do)\b/s));
1248                 #print "C: push\n";
1249                 push(@chunks, [ $condition, $statement ]);
1250         }
1251
1252         return ($level, $linenr, @chunks);
1253 }
1254
1255 sub ctx_block_get {
1256         my ($linenr, $remain, $outer, $open, $close, $off) = @_;
1257         my $line;
1258         my $start = $linenr - 1;
1259         my $blk = '';
1260         my @o;
1261         my @c;
1262         my @res = ();
1263
1264         my $level = 0;
1265         my @stack = ($level);
1266         for ($line = $start; $remain > 0; $line++) {
1267                 next if ($rawlines[$line] =~ /^-/);
1268                 $remain--;
1269
1270                 $blk .= $rawlines[$line];
1271
1272                 # Handle nested #if/#else.
1273                 if ($lines[$line] =~ /^.\s*#\s*(?:ifndef|ifdef|if)\s/) {
1274                         push(@stack, $level);
1275                 } elsif ($lines[$line] =~ /^.\s*#\s*(?:else|elif)\b/) {
1276                         $level = $stack[$#stack - 1];
1277                 } elsif ($lines[$line] =~ /^.\s*#\s*endif\b/) {
1278                         $level = pop(@stack);
1279                 }
1280
1281                 foreach my $c (split(//, $lines[$line])) {
1282                         ##print "C<$c>L<$level><$open$close>O<$off>\n";
1283                         if ($off > 0) {
1284                                 $off--;
1285                                 next;
1286                         }
1287
1288                         if ($c eq $close && $level > 0) {
1289                                 $level--;
1290                                 last if ($level == 0);
1291                         } elsif ($c eq $open) {
1292                                 $level++;
1293                         }
1294                 }
1295
1296                 if (!$outer || $level <= 1) {
1297                         push(@res, $rawlines[$line]);
1298                 }
1299
1300                 last if ($level == 0);
1301         }
1302
1303         return ($level, @res);
1304 }
1305 sub ctx_block_outer {
1306         my ($linenr, $remain) = @_;
1307
1308         my ($level, @r) = ctx_block_get($linenr, $remain, 1, '{', '}', 0);
1309         return @r;
1310 }
1311 sub ctx_block {
1312         my ($linenr, $remain) = @_;
1313
1314         my ($level, @r) = ctx_block_get($linenr, $remain, 0, '{', '}', 0);
1315         return @r;
1316 }
1317 sub ctx_statement {
1318         my ($linenr, $remain, $off) = @_;
1319
1320         my ($level, @r) = ctx_block_get($linenr, $remain, 0, '(', ')', $off);
1321         return @r;
1322 }
1323 sub ctx_block_level {
1324         my ($linenr, $remain) = @_;
1325
1326         return ctx_block_get($linenr, $remain, 0, '{', '}', 0);
1327 }
1328 sub ctx_statement_level {
1329         my ($linenr, $remain, $off) = @_;
1330
1331         return ctx_block_get($linenr, $remain, 0, '(', ')', $off);
1332 }
1333
1334 sub ctx_locate_comment {
1335         my ($first_line, $end_line) = @_;
1336
1337         # Catch a comment on the end of the line itself.
1338         my ($current_comment) = ($rawlines[$end_line - 1] =~ m@.*(/\*.*\*/)\s*(?:\\\s*)?$@);
1339         return $current_comment if (defined $current_comment);
1340
1341         # Look through the context and try and figure out if there is a
1342         # comment.
1343         my $in_comment = 0;
1344         $current_comment = '';
1345         for (my $linenr = $first_line; $linenr < $end_line; $linenr++) {
1346                 my $line = $rawlines[$linenr - 1];
1347                 #warn "           $line\n";
1348                 if ($linenr == $first_line and $line =~ m@^.\s*\*@) {
1349                         $in_comment = 1;
1350                 }
1351                 if ($line =~ m@/\*@) {
1352                         $in_comment = 1;
1353                 }
1354                 if (!$in_comment && $current_comment ne '') {
1355                         $current_comment = '';
1356                 }
1357                 $current_comment .= $line . "\n" if ($in_comment);
1358                 if ($line =~ m@\*/@) {
1359                         $in_comment = 0;
1360                 }
1361         }
1362
1363         chomp($current_comment);
1364         return($current_comment);
1365 }
1366 sub ctx_has_comment {
1367         my ($first_line, $end_line) = @_;
1368         my $cmt = ctx_locate_comment($first_line, $end_line);
1369
1370         ##print "LINE: $rawlines[$end_line - 1 ]\n";
1371         ##print "CMMT: $cmt\n";
1372
1373         return ($cmt ne '');
1374 }
1375
1376 sub raw_line {
1377         my ($linenr, $cnt) = @_;
1378
1379         my $offset = $linenr - 1;
1380         $cnt++;
1381
1382         my $line;
1383         while ($cnt) {
1384                 $line = $rawlines[$offset++];
1385                 next if (defined($line) && $line =~ /^-/);
1386                 $cnt--;
1387         }
1388
1389         return $line;
1390 }
1391
1392 sub cat_vet {
1393         my ($vet) = @_;
1394         my ($res, $coded);
1395
1396         $res = '';
1397         while ($vet =~ /([^[:cntrl:]]*)([[:cntrl:]]|$)/g) {
1398                 $res .= $1;
1399                 if ($2 ne '') {
1400                         $coded = sprintf("^%c", unpack('C', $2) + 64);
1401                         $res .= $coded;
1402                 }
1403         }
1404         $res =~ s/$/\$/;
1405
1406         return $res;
1407 }
1408
1409 my $av_preprocessor = 0;
1410 my $av_pending;
1411 my @av_paren_type;
1412 my $av_pend_colon;
1413
1414 sub annotate_reset {
1415         $av_preprocessor = 0;
1416         $av_pending = '_';
1417         @av_paren_type = ('E');
1418         $av_pend_colon = 'O';
1419 }
1420
1421 sub annotate_values {
1422         my ($stream, $type) = @_;
1423
1424         my $res;
1425         my $var = '_' x length($stream);
1426         my $cur = $stream;
1427
1428         print "$stream\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1429
1430         while (length($cur)) {
1431                 @av_paren_type = ('E') if ($#av_paren_type < 0);
1432                 print " <" . join('', @av_paren_type) .
1433                                 "> <$type> <$av_pending>" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1434                 if ($cur =~ /^(\s+)/o) {
1435                         print "WS($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1436                         if ($1 =~ /\n/ && $av_preprocessor) {
1437                                 $type = pop(@av_paren_type);
1438                                 $av_preprocessor = 0;
1439                         }
1440
1441                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^(\(\s*$Type\s*)\)/ && $av_pending eq '_') {
1442                         print "CAST($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1443                         push(@av_paren_type, $type);
1444                         $type = 'c';
1445
1446                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^($Type)\s*(?:$Ident|,|\)|\(|\s*$)/) {
1447                         print "DECLARE($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1448                         $type = 'T';
1449
1450                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^($Modifier)\s*/) {
1451                         print "MODIFIER($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1452                         $type = 'T';
1453
1454                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^(\#\s*define\s*$Ident)(\(?)/o) {
1455                         print "DEFINE($1,$2)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1456                         $av_preprocessor = 1;
1457                         push(@av_paren_type, $type);
1458                         if ($2 ne '') {
1459                                 $av_pending = 'N';
1460                         }
1461                         $type = 'E';
1462
1463                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^(\#\s*(?:undef\s*$Ident|include\b))/o) {
1464                         print "UNDEF($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1465                         $av_preprocessor = 1;
1466                         push(@av_paren_type, $type);
1467
1468                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^(\#\s*(?:ifdef|ifndef|if))/o) {
1469                         print "PRE_START($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1470                         $av_preprocessor = 1;
1471
1472                         push(@av_paren_type, $type);
1473                         push(@av_paren_type, $type);
1474                         $type = 'E';
1475
1476                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^(\#\s*(?:else|elif))/o) {
1477                         print "PRE_RESTART($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1478                         $av_preprocessor = 1;
1479
1480                         push(@av_paren_type, $av_paren_type[$#av_paren_type]);
1481
1482                         $type = 'E';
1483
1484                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^(\#\s*(?:endif))/o) {
1485                         print "PRE_END($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1486
1487                         $av_preprocessor = 1;
1488
1489                         # Assume all arms of the conditional end as this
1490                         # one does, and continue as if the #endif was not here.
1491                         pop(@av_paren_type);
1492                         push(@av_paren_type, $type);
1493                         $type = 'E';
1494
1495                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^(\\\n)/o) {
1496                         print "PRECONT($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1497
1498                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^(__attribute__)\s*\(?/o) {
1499                         print "ATTR($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1500                         $av_pending = $type;
1501                         $type = 'N';
1502
1503                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^(sizeof)\s*(\()?/o) {
1504                         print "SIZEOF($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1505                         if (defined $2) {
1506                                 $av_pending = 'V';
1507                         }
1508                         $type = 'N';
1509
1510                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^(if|while|for)\b/o) {
1511                         print "COND($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1512                         $av_pending = 'E';
1513                         $type = 'N';
1514
1515                 } elsif ($cur =~/^(case)/o) {
1516                         print "CASE($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1517                         $av_pend_colon = 'C';
1518                         $type = 'N';
1519
1520                 } elsif ($cur =~/^(return|else|goto|typeof|__typeof__)\b/o) {
1521                         print "KEYWORD($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1522                         $type = 'N';
1523
1524                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^(\()/o) {
1525                         print "PAREN('$1')\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1526                         push(@av_paren_type, $av_pending);
1527                         $av_pending = '_';
1528                         $type = 'N';
1529
1530                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^(\))/o) {
1531                         my $new_type = pop(@av_paren_type);
1532                         if ($new_type ne '_') {
1533                                 $type = $new_type;
1534                                 print "PAREN('$1') -> $type\n"
1535                                                         if ($dbg_values > 1);
1536                         } else {
1537                                 print "PAREN('$1')\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1538                         }
1539
1540                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^($Ident)\s*\(/o) {
1541                         print "FUNC($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1542                         $type = 'V';
1543                         $av_pending = 'V';
1544
1545                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^($Ident\s*):(?:\s*\d+\s*(,|=|;))?/) {
1546                         if (defined $2 && $type eq 'C' || $type eq 'T') {
1547                                 $av_pend_colon = 'B';
1548                         } elsif ($type eq 'E') {
1549                                 $av_pend_colon = 'L';
1550                         }
1551                         print "IDENT_COLON($1,$type>$av_pend_colon)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1552                         $type = 'V';
1553
1554                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^($Ident|$Constant)/o) {
1555                         print "IDENT($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1556                         $type = 'V';
1557
1558                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^($Assignment)/o) {
1559                         print "ASSIGN($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1560                         $type = 'N';
1561
1562                 } elsif ($cur =~/^(;|{|})/) {
1563                         print "END($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1564                         $type = 'E';
1565                         $av_pend_colon = 'O';
1566
1567                 } elsif ($cur =~/^(,)/) {
1568                         print "COMMA($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1569                         $type = 'C';
1570
1571                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^(\?)/o) {
1572                         print "QUESTION($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1573                         $type = 'N';
1574
1575                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^(:)/o) {
1576                         print "COLON($1,$av_pend_colon)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1577
1578                         substr($var, length($res), 1, $av_pend_colon);
1579                         if ($av_pend_colon eq 'C' || $av_pend_colon eq 'L') {
1580                                 $type = 'E';
1581                         } else {
1582                                 $type = 'N';
1583                         }
1584                         $av_pend_colon = 'O';
1585
1586                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^(\[)/o) {
1587                         print "CLOSE($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1588                         $type = 'N';
1589
1590                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^(-(?![->])|\+(?!\+)|\*|\&\&|\&)/o) {
1591                         my $variant;
1592
1593                         print "OPV($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1594                         if ($type eq 'V') {
1595                                 $variant = 'B';
1596                         } else {
1597                                 $variant = 'U';
1598                         }
1599
1600                         substr($var, length($res), 1, $variant);
1601                         $type = 'N';
1602
1603                 } elsif ($cur =~ /^($Operators)/o) {
1604                         print "OP($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1605                         if ($1 ne '++' && $1 ne '--') {
1606                                 $type = 'N';
1607                         }
1608
1609                 } elsif ($cur =~ /(^.)/o) {
1610                         print "C($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
1611                 }
1612                 if (defined $1) {
1613                         $cur = substr($cur, length($1));
1614                         $res .= $type x length($1);
1615                 }
1616         }
1617
1618         return ($res, $var);
1619 }
1620
1621 sub possible {
1622         my ($possible, $line) = @_;
1623         my $notPermitted = qr{(?:
1624                 ^(?:
1625                         $Modifier|
1626                         $Storage|
1627                         $Type|
1628                         DEFINE_\S+
1629                 )$|
1630                 ^(?:
1631                         goto|
1632                         return|
1633                         case|
1634                         else|
1635                         asm|__asm__|
1636                         do|
1637                         \#|
1638                         \#\#|
1639                 )(?:\s|$)|
1640                 ^(?:typedef|struct|enum)\b
1641             )}x;
1642         warn "CHECK<$possible> ($line)\n" if ($dbg_possible > 2);
1643         if ($possible !~ $notPermitted) {
1644                 # Check for modifiers.
1645                 $possible =~ s/\s*$Storage\s*//g;
1646                 $possible =~ s/\s*$Sparse\s*//g;
1647                 if ($possible =~ /^\s*$/) {
1648
1649                 } elsif ($possible =~ /\s/) {
1650                         $possible =~ s/\s*$Type\s*//g;
1651                         for my $modifier (split(' ', $possible)) {
1652                                 if ($modifier !~ $notPermitted) {
1653                                         warn "MODIFIER: $modifier ($possible) ($line)\n" if ($dbg_possible);
1654                                         push(@modifierListFile, $modifier);
1655                                 }
1656                         }
1657
1658                 } else {
1659                         warn "POSSIBLE: $possible ($line)\n" if ($dbg_possible);
1660                         push(@typeListFile, $possible);
1661                 }
1662                 build_types();
1663         } else {
1664                 warn "NOTPOSS: $possible ($line)\n" if ($dbg_possible > 1);
1665         }
1666 }
1667
1668 my $prefix = '';
1669
1670 sub show_type {
1671         my ($type) = @_;
1672
1673         return defined $use_type{$type} if (scalar keys %use_type > 0);
1674
1675         return !defined $ignore_type{$type};
1676 }
1677
1678 sub report {
1679         my ($level, $type, $msg) = @_;
1680
1681         if (!show_type($type) ||
1682             (defined $tst_only && $msg !~ /\Q$tst_only\E/)) {
1683                 return 0;
1684         }
1685         my $output = '';
1686         if (-t STDOUT && $color) {
1687                 if ($level eq 'ERROR') {
1688                         $output .= RED;
1689                 } elsif ($level eq 'WARNING') {
1690                         $output .= YELLOW;
1691                 } else {
1692                         $output .= GREEN;
1693                 }
1694         }
1695         $output .= $prefix . $level . ':';
1696         if ($show_types) {
1697                 $output .= BLUE if (-t STDOUT && $color);
1698                 $output .= "$type:";
1699         }
1700         $output .= RESET if (-t STDOUT && $color);
1701         $output .= ' ' . $msg . "\n";
1702
1703         if ($showfile) {
1704                 my @lines = split("\n", $output, -1);
1705                 splice(@lines, 1, 1);
1706                 $output = join("\n", @lines);
1707         }
1708         $output = (split('\n', $output))[0] . "\n" if ($terse);
1709
1710         push(our @report, $output);
1711
1712         return 1;
1713 }
1714
1715 sub report_dump {
1716         our @report;
1717 }
1718
1719 sub fixup_current_range {
1720         my ($lineRef, $offset, $length) = @_;
1721
1722         if ($$lineRef =~ /^\@\@ -\d+,\d+ \+(\d+),(\d+) \@\@/) {
1723                 my $o = $1;
1724                 my $l = $2;
1725                 my $no = $o + $offset;
1726                 my $nl = $l + $length;
1727                 $$lineRef =~ s/\+$o,$l \@\@/\+$no,$nl \@\@/;
1728         }
1729 }
1730
1731 sub fix_inserted_deleted_lines {
1732         my ($linesRef, $insertedRef, $deletedRef) = @_;
1733
1734         my $range_last_linenr = 0;
1735         my $delta_offset = 0;
1736
1737         my $old_linenr = 0;
1738         my $new_linenr = 0;
1739
1740         my $next_insert = 0;
1741         my $next_delete = 0;
1742
1743         my @lines = ();
1744
1745         my $inserted = @{$insertedRef}[$next_insert++];
1746         my $deleted = @{$deletedRef}[$next_delete++];
1747
1748         foreach my $old_line (@{$linesRef}) {
1749                 my $save_line = 1;
1750                 my $line = $old_line;   #don't modify the array
1751                 if ($line =~ /^(?:\+\+\+|\-\-\-)\s+\S+/) {      #new filename
1752                         $delta_offset = 0;
1753                 } elsif ($line =~ /^\@\@ -\d+,\d+ \+\d+,\d+ \@\@/) {    #new hunk
1754                         $range_last_linenr = $new_linenr;
1755                         fixup_current_range(\$line, $delta_offset, 0);
1756                 }
1757
1758                 while (defined($deleted) && ${$deleted}{'LINENR'} == $old_linenr) {
1759                         $deleted = @{$deletedRef}[$next_delete++];
1760                         $save_line = 0;
1761                         fixup_current_range(\$lines[$range_last_linenr], $delta_offset--, -1);
1762                 }
1763
1764                 while (defined($inserted) && ${$inserted}{'LINENR'} == $old_linenr) {
1765                         push(@lines, ${$inserted}{'LINE'});
1766                         $inserted = @{$insertedRef}[$next_insert++];
1767                         $new_linenr++;
1768                         fixup_current_range(\$lines[$range_last_linenr], $delta_offset++, 1);
1769                 }
1770
1771                 if ($save_line) {
1772                         push(@lines, $line);
1773                         $new_linenr++;
1774                 }
1775
1776                 $old_linenr++;
1777         }
1778
1779         return @lines;
1780 }
1781
1782 sub fix_insert_line {
1783         my ($linenr, $line) = @_;
1784
1785         my $inserted = {
1786                 LINENR => $linenr,
1787                 LINE => $line,
1788         };
1789         push(@fixed_inserted, $inserted);
1790 }
1791
1792 sub fix_delete_line {
1793         my ($linenr, $line) = @_;
1794
1795         my $deleted = {
1796                 LINENR => $linenr,
1797                 LINE => $line,
1798         };
1799
1800         push(@fixed_deleted, $deleted);
1801 }
1802
1803 sub ERROR {
1804         my ($type, $msg) = @_;
1805
1806         if (report("ERROR", $type, $msg)) {
1807                 our $clean = 0;
1808                 our $cnt_error++;
1809                 return 1;
1810         }
1811         return 0;
1812 }
1813 sub WARN {
1814         my ($type, $msg) = @_;
1815
1816         if (report("WARNING", $type, $msg)) {
1817                 our $clean = 0;
1818                 our $cnt_warn++;
1819                 return 1;
1820         }
1821         return 0;
1822 }
1823 sub CHK {
1824         my ($type, $msg) = @_;
1825
1826         if ($check && report("CHECK", $type, $msg)) {
1827                 our $clean = 0;
1828                 our $cnt_chk++;
1829                 return 1;
1830         }
1831         return 0;
1832 }
1833
1834 sub check_absolute_file {
1835         my ($absolute, $herecurr) = @_;
1836         my $file = $absolute;
1837
1838         ##print "absolute<$absolute>\n";
1839
1840         # See if any suffix of this path is a path within the tree.
1841         while ($file =~ s@^[^/]*/@@) {
1842                 if (-f "$root/$file") {
1843                         ##print "file<$file>\n";
1844                         last;
1845                 }
1846         }
1847         if (! -f _)  {
1848                 return 0;
1849         }
1850
1851         # It is, so see if the prefix is acceptable.
1852         my $prefix = $absolute;
1853         substr($prefix, -length($file)) = '';
1854
1855         ##print "prefix<$prefix>\n";
1856         if ($prefix ne ".../") {
1857                 WARN("USE_RELATIVE_PATH",
1858                      "use relative pathname instead of absolute in changelog text\n" . $herecurr);
1859         }
1860 }
1861
1862 sub trim {
1863         my ($string) = @_;
1864
1865         $string =~ s/^\s+|\s+$//g;
1866
1867         return $string;
1868 }
1869
1870 sub ltrim {
1871         my ($string) = @_;
1872
1873         $string =~ s/^\s+//;
1874
1875         return $string;
1876 }
1877
1878 sub rtrim {
1879         my ($string) = @_;
1880
1881         $string =~ s/\s+$//;
1882
1883         return $string;
1884 }
1885
1886 sub string_find_replace {
1887         my ($string, $find, $replace) = @_;
1888
1889         $string =~ s/$find/$replace/g;
1890
1891         return $string;
1892 }
1893
1894 sub tabify {
1895         my ($leading) = @_;
1896
1897         my $source_indent = 8;
1898         my $max_spaces_before_tab = $source_indent - 1;
1899         my $spaces_to_tab = " " x $source_indent;
1900
1901         #convert leading spaces to tabs
1902         1 while $leading =~ s@^([\t]*)$spaces_to_tab@$1\t@g;
1903         #Remove spaces before a tab
1904         1 while $leading =~ s@^([\t]*)( {1,$max_spaces_before_tab})\t@$1\t@g;
1905
1906         return "$leading";
1907 }
1908
1909 sub pos_last_openparen {
1910         my ($line) = @_;
1911
1912         my $pos = 0;
1913
1914         my $opens = $line =~ tr/\(/\(/;
1915         my $closes = $line =~ tr/\)/\)/;
1916
1917         my $last_openparen = 0;
1918
1919         if (($opens == 0) || ($closes >= $opens)) {
1920                 return -1;
1921         }
1922
1923         my $len = length($line);
1924
1925         for ($pos = 0; $pos < $len; $pos++) {
1926                 my $string = substr($line, $pos);
1927                 if ($string =~ /^($FuncArg|$balanced_parens)/) {
1928                         $pos += length($1) - 1;
1929                 } elsif (substr($line, $pos, 1) eq '(') {
1930                         $last_openparen = $pos;
1931                 } elsif (index($string, '(') == -1) {
1932                         last;
1933                 }
1934         }
1935
1936         return length(expand_tabs(substr($line, 0, $last_openparen))) + 1;
1937 }
1938
1939 sub process {
1940         my $filename = shift;
1941
1942         my $linenr=0;
1943         my $prevline="";
1944         my $prevrawline="";
1945         my $stashline="";
1946         my $stashrawline="";
1947
1948         my $length;
1949         my $indent;
1950         my $previndent=0;
1951         my $stashindent=0;
1952
1953         our $clean = 1;
1954         my $signoff = 0;
1955         my $is_patch = 0;
1956
1957         my $in_header_lines = $file ? 0 : 1;
1958         my $in_commit_log = 0;          #Scanning lines before patch
1959         my $commit_log_long_line = 0;
1960         my $commit_log_has_diff = 0;
1961         my $reported_maintainer_file = 0;
1962         my $non_utf8_charset = 0;
1963
1964         my $last_blank_line = 0;
1965         my $last_coalesced_string_linenr = -1;
1966
1967         our @report = ();
1968         our $cnt_lines = 0;
1969         our $cnt_error = 0;
1970         our $cnt_warn = 0;
1971         our $cnt_chk = 0;
1972
1973         # Trace the real file/line as we go.
1974         my $realfile = '';
1975         my $realline = 0;
1976         my $realcnt = 0;
1977         my $here = '';
1978         my $in_comment = 0;
1979         my $comment_edge = 0;
1980         my $first_line = 0;
1981         my $p1_prefix = '';
1982
1983         my $prev_values = 'E';
1984
1985         # suppression flags
1986         my %suppress_ifbraces;
1987         my %suppress_whiletrailers;
1988         my %suppress_export;
1989         my $suppress_statement = 0;
1990
1991         my %signatures = ();
1992
1993         # Pre-scan the patch sanitizing the lines.
1994         # Pre-scan the patch looking for any __setup documentation.
1995         #
1996         my @setup_docs = ();
1997         my $setup_docs = 0;
1998
1999         my $camelcase_file_seeded = 0;
2000
2001         sanitise_line_reset();
2002         my $line;
2003         foreach my $rawline (@rawlines) {
2004                 $linenr++;
2005                 $line = $rawline;
2006
2007                 push(@fixed, $rawline) if ($fix);
2008
2009                 if ($rawline=~/^\+\+\+\s+(\S+)/) {
2010                         $setup_docs = 0;
2011                         if ($1 =~ m@Documentation/kernel-parameters.txt$@) {
2012                                 $setup_docs = 1;
2013                         }
2014                         #next;
2015                 }
2016                 if ($rawline=~/^\@\@ -\d+(?:,\d+)? \+(\d+)(,(\d+))? \@\@/) {
2017                         $realline=$1-1;
2018                         if (defined $2) {
2019                                 $realcnt=$3+1;
2020                         } else {
2021                                 $realcnt=1+1;
2022                         }
2023                         $in_comment = 0;
2024
2025                         # Guestimate if this is a continuing comment.  Run
2026                         # the context looking for a comment "edge".  If this
2027                         # edge is a close comment then we must be in a comment
2028                         # at context start.
2029                         my $edge;
2030                         my $cnt = $realcnt;
2031                         for (my $ln = $linenr + 1; $cnt > 0; $ln++) {
2032                                 next if (defined $rawlines[$ln - 1] &&
2033                                          $rawlines[$ln - 1] =~ /^-/);
2034                                 $cnt--;
2035                                 #print "RAW<$rawlines[$ln - 1]>\n";
2036                                 last if (!defined $rawlines[$ln - 1]);
2037                                 if ($rawlines[$ln - 1] =~ m@(/\*|\*/)@ &&
2038                                     $rawlines[$ln - 1] !~ m@"[^"]*(?:/\*|\*/)[^"]*"@) {
2039                                         ($edge) = $1;
2040                                         last;
2041                                 }
2042                         }
2043                         if (defined $edge && $edge eq '*/') {
2044                                 $in_comment = 1;
2045                         }
2046
2047                         # Guestimate if this is a continuing comment.  If this
2048                         # is the start of a diff block and this line starts
2049                         # ' *' then it is very likely a comment.
2050                         if (!defined $edge &&
2051                             $rawlines[$linenr] =~ m@^.\s*(?:\*\*+| \*)(?:\s|$)@)
2052                         {
2053                                 $in_comment = 1;
2054                         }
2055
2056                         ##print "COMMENT:$in_comment edge<$edge> $rawline\n";
2057                         sanitise_line_reset($in_comment);
2058
2059                 } elsif ($realcnt && $rawline =~ /^(?:\+| |$)/) {
2060                         # Standardise the strings and chars within the input to
2061                         # simplify matching -- only bother with positive lines.
2062                         $line = sanitise_line($rawline);
2063                 }
2064                 push(@lines, $line);
2065
2066                 if ($realcnt > 1) {
2067                         $realcnt-- if ($line =~ /^(?:\+| |$)/);
2068                 } else {
2069                         $realcnt = 0;
2070                 }
2071
2072                 #print "==>$rawline\n";
2073                 #print "-->$line\n";
2074
2075                 if ($setup_docs && $line =~ /^\+/) {
2076                         push(@setup_docs, $line);
2077                 }
2078         }
2079
2080         $prefix = '';
2081
2082         $realcnt = 0;
2083         $linenr = 0;
2084         $fixlinenr = -1;
2085         foreach my $line (@lines) {
2086                 $linenr++;
2087                 $fixlinenr++;
2088                 my $sline = $line;      #copy of $line
2089                 $sline =~ s/$;/ /g;     #with comments as spaces
2090
2091                 my $rawline = $rawlines[$linenr - 1];
2092
2093 #extract the line range in the file after the patch is applied
2094                 if (!$in_commit_log &&
2095                     $line =~ /^\@\@ -\d+(?:,\d+)? \+(\d+)(,(\d+))? \@\@/) {
2096                         $is_patch = 1;
2097                         $first_line = $linenr + 1;
2098                         $realline=$1-1;
2099                         if (defined $2) {
2100                                 $realcnt=$3+1;
2101                         } else {
2102                                 $realcnt=1+1;
2103                         }
2104                         annotate_reset();
2105                         $prev_values = 'E';
2106
2107                         %suppress_ifbraces = ();
2108                         %suppress_whiletrailers = ();
2109                         %suppress_export = ();
2110                         $suppress_statement = 0;
2111                         next;
2112
2113 # track the line number as we move through the hunk, note that
2114 # new versions of GNU diff omit the leading space on completely
2115 # blank context lines so we need to count that too.
2116                 } elsif ($line =~ /^( |\+|$)/) {
2117                         $realline++;
2118                         $realcnt-- if ($realcnt != 0);
2119
2120                         # Measure the line length and indent.
2121                         ($length, $indent) = line_stats($rawline);
2122
2123                         # Track the previous line.
2124                         ($prevline, $stashline) = ($stashline, $line);
2125                         ($previndent, $stashindent) = ($stashindent, $indent);
2126                         ($prevrawline, $stashrawline) = ($stashrawline, $rawline);
2127
2128                         #warn "line<$line>\n";
2129
2130                 } elsif ($realcnt == 1) {
2131                         $realcnt--;
2132                 }
2133
2134                 my $hunk_line = ($realcnt != 0);
2135
2136                 $here = "#$linenr: " if (!$file);
2137                 $here = "#$realline: " if ($file);
2138
2139                 my $found_file = 0;
2140                 # extract the filename as it passes
2141                 if ($line =~ /^diff --git.*?(\S+)$/) {
2142                         $realfile = $1;
2143                         $realfile =~ s@^([^/]*)/@@ if (!$file);
2144                         $in_commit_log = 0;
2145                         $found_file = 1;
2146                 } elsif ($line =~ /^\+\+\+\s+(\S+)/) {
2147                         $realfile = $1;
2148                         $realfile =~ s@^([^/]*)/@@ if (!$file);
2149                         $in_commit_log = 0;
2150
2151                         $p1_prefix = $1;
2152                         if (!$file && $tree && $p1_prefix ne '' &&
2153                             -e "$root/$p1_prefix") {
2154                                 WARN("PATCH_PREFIX",
2155                                      "patch prefix '$p1_prefix' exists, appears to be a -p0 patch\n");
2156                         }
2157
2158                         if ($realfile =~ m@^include/asm/@) {
2159                                 ERROR("MODIFIED_INCLUDE_ASM",
2160                                       "do not modify files in include/asm, change architecture specific files in include/asm-<architecture>\n" . "$here$rawline\n");
2161                         }
2162                         $found_file = 1;
2163                 }
2164
2165 #make up the handle for any error we report on this line
2166                 if ($showfile) {
2167                         $prefix = "$realfile:$realline: "
2168                 } elsif ($emacs) {
2169                         $prefix = "$filename:$linenr: ";
2170                 }
2171
2172                 if ($found_file) {
2173                         if ($realfile =~ m@^(drivers/net/|net/)@) {
2174                                 $check = 1;
2175                         } else {
2176                                 $check = $check_orig;
2177                         }
2178                         next;
2179                 }
2180
2181                 $here .= "FILE: $realfile:$realline:" if ($realcnt != 0);
2182
2183                 my $hereline = "$here\n$rawline\n";
2184                 my $herecurr = "$here\n$rawline\n";
2185                 my $hereprev = "$here\n$prevrawline\n$rawline\n";
2186
2187                 $cnt_lines++ if ($realcnt != 0);
2188
2189 # Check if the commit log has what seems like a diff which can confuse patch
2190                 if ($in_commit_log && !$commit_log_has_diff &&
2191                     (($line =~ m@^\s+diff\b.*a/[\w/]+@ &&
2192                       $line =~ m@^\s+diff\b.*a/([\w/]+)\s+b/$1\b@) ||
2193                      $line =~ m@^\s*(?:\-\-\-\s+a/|\+\+\+\s+b/)@ ||
2194                      $line =~ m/^\s*\@\@ \-\d+,\d+ \+\d+,\d+ \@\@/)) {
2195                         ERROR("DIFF_IN_COMMIT_MSG",
2196                               "Avoid using diff content in the commit message - patch(1) might not work\n" . $herecurr);
2197                         $commit_log_has_diff = 1;
2198                 }
2199
2200 # Check for incorrect file permissions
2201                 if ($line =~ /^new (file )?mode.*[7531]\d{0,2}$/) {
2202                         my $permhere = $here . "FILE: $realfile\n";
2203                         if ($realfile !~ m@scripts/@ &&
2204                             $realfile !~ /\.(py|pl|awk|sh)$/) {
2205                                 ERROR("EXECUTE_PERMISSIONS",
2206                                       "do not set execute permissions for source files\n" . $permhere);
2207                         }
2208                 }
2209
2210 # Check the patch for a signoff:
2211                 if ($line =~ /^\s*signed-off-by:/i) {
2212                         $signoff++;
2213                         $in_commit_log = 0;
2214                 }
2215
2216 # Check if MAINTAINERS is being updated.  If so, there's probably no need to
2217 # emit the "does MAINTAINERS need updating?" message on file add/move/delete
2218                 if ($line =~ /^\s*MAINTAINERS\s*\|/) {
2219                         $reported_maintainer_file = 1;
2220                 }
2221
2222 # Check signature styles
2223                 if (!$in_header_lines &&
2224                     $line =~ /^(\s*)([a-z0-9_-]+by:|$signature_tags)(\s*)(.*)/i) {
2225                         my $space_before = $1;
2226                         my $sign_off = $2;
2227                         my $space_after = $3;
2228                         my $email = $4;
2229                         my $ucfirst_sign_off = ucfirst(lc($sign_off));
2230
2231                         if ($sign_off !~ /$signature_tags/) {
2232                                 WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
2233                                      "Non-standard signature: $sign_off\n" . $herecurr);
2234                         }
2235                         if (defined $space_before && $space_before ne "") {
2236                                 if (WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
2237                                          "Do not use whitespace before $ucfirst_sign_off\n" . $herecurr) &&
2238                                     $fix) {
2239                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =
2240                                             "$ucfirst_sign_off $email";
2241                                 }
2242                         }
2243                         if ($sign_off =~ /-by:$/i && $sign_off ne $ucfirst_sign_off) {
2244                                 if (WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
2245                                          "'$ucfirst_sign_off' is the preferred signature form\n" . $herecurr) &&
2246                                     $fix) {
2247                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =
2248                                             "$ucfirst_sign_off $email";
2249                                 }
2250
2251                         }
2252                         if (!defined $space_after || $space_after ne " ") {
2253                                 if (WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
2254                                          "Use a single space after $ucfirst_sign_off\n" . $herecurr) &&
2255                                     $fix) {
2256                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =
2257                                             "$ucfirst_sign_off $email";
2258                                 }
2259                         }
2260
2261                         my ($email_name, $email_address, $comment) = parse_email($email);
2262                         my $suggested_email = format_email(($email_name, $email_address));
2263                         if ($suggested_email eq "") {
2264                                 ERROR("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
2265                                       "Unrecognized email address: '$email'\n" . $herecurr);
2266                         } else {
2267                                 my $dequoted = $suggested_email;
2268                                 $dequoted =~ s/^"//;
2269                                 $dequoted =~ s/" </ </;
2270                                 # Don't force email to have quotes
2271                                 # Allow just an angle bracketed address
2272                                 if ("$dequoted$comment" ne $email &&
2273                                     "<$email_address>$comment" ne $email &&
2274                                     "$suggested_email$comment" ne $email) {
2275                                         WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
2276                                              "email address '$email' might be better as '$suggested_email$comment'\n" . $herecurr);
2277                                 }
2278                         }
2279
2280 # Check for duplicate signatures
2281                         my $sig_nospace = $line;
2282                         $sig_nospace =~ s/\s//g;
2283                         $sig_nospace = lc($sig_nospace);
2284                         if (defined $signatures{$sig_nospace}) {
2285                                 WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
2286                                      "Duplicate signature\n" . $herecurr);
2287                         } else {
2288                                 $signatures{$sig_nospace} = 1;
2289                         }
2290                 }
2291
2292 # Check email subject for common tools that don't need to be mentioned
2293                 if ($in_header_lines &&
2294                     $line =~ /^Subject:.*\b(?:checkpatch|sparse|smatch)\b[^:]/i) {
2295                         WARN("EMAIL_SUBJECT",
2296                              "A patch subject line should describe the change not the tool that found it\n" . $herecurr);
2297                 }
2298
2299 # Check for old stable address
2300                 if ($line =~ /^\s*cc:\s*.*<?\bstable\@kernel\.org\b>?.*$/i) {
2301                         ERROR("STABLE_ADDRESS",
2302                               "The 'stable' address should be 'stable\@vger.kernel.org'\n" . $herecurr);
2303                 }
2304
2305 # Check for unwanted Gerrit info
2306                 if ($in_commit_log && $line =~ /^\s*change-id:/i) {
2307                         ERROR("GERRIT_CHANGE_ID",
2308                               "Remove Gerrit Change-Id's before submitting upstream.\n" . $herecurr);
2309                 }
2310
2311 # Check for line lengths > 75 in commit log, warn once
2312                 if ($in_commit_log && !$commit_log_long_line &&
2313                     length($line) > 75) {
2314                         WARN("COMMIT_LOG_LONG_LINE",
2315                              "Possible unwrapped commit description (prefer a maximum 75 chars per line)\n" . $herecurr);
2316                         $commit_log_long_line = 1;
2317                 }
2318
2319 # Check for git id commit length and improperly formed commit descriptions
2320                 if ($in_commit_log &&
2321                     ($line =~ /\bcommit\s+[0-9a-f]{5,}\b/i ||
2322                      $line =~ /\b[0-9a-f]{12,40}\b/i)) {
2323                         my $init_char = "c";
2324                         my $orig_commit = "";
2325                         my $short = 1;
2326                         my $long = 0;
2327                         my $case = 1;
2328                         my $space = 1;
2329                         my $hasdesc = 0;
2330                         my $hasparens = 0;
2331                         my $id = '0123456789ab';
2332                         my $orig_desc = "commit description";
2333                         my $description = "";
2334
2335                         if ($line =~ /\b(c)ommit\s+([0-9a-f]{5,})\b/i) {
2336                                 $init_char = $1;
2337                                 $orig_commit = lc($2);
2338                         } elsif ($line =~ /\b([0-9a-f]{12,40})\b/i) {
2339                                 $orig_commit = lc($1);
2340                         }
2341
2342                         $short = 0 if ($line =~ /\bcommit\s+[0-9a-f]{12,40}/i);
2343                         $long = 1 if ($line =~ /\bcommit\s+[0-9a-f]{41,}/i);
2344                         $space = 0 if ($line =~ /\bcommit [0-9a-f]/i);
2345                         $case = 0 if ($line =~ /\b[Cc]ommit\s+[0-9a-f]{5,40}[^A-F]/);
2346                         if ($line =~ /\bcommit\s+[0-9a-f]{5,}\s+\("([^"]+)"\)/i) {
2347                                 $orig_desc = $1;
2348                                 $hasparens = 1;
2349                         } elsif ($line =~ /\bcommit\s+[0-9a-f]{5,}\s*$/i &&
2350                                  defined $rawlines[$linenr] &&
2351                                  $rawlines[$linenr] =~ /^\s*\("([^"]+)"\)/) {
2352                                 $orig_desc = $1;
2353                                 $hasparens = 1;
2354                         } elsif ($line =~ /\bcommit\s+[0-9a-f]{5,}\s+\("[^"]+$/i &&
2355                                  defined $rawlines[$linenr] &&
2356                                  $rawlines[$linenr] =~ /^\s*[^"]+"\)/) {
2357                                 $line =~ /\bcommit\s+[0-9a-f]{5,}\s+\("([^"]+)$/i;
2358                                 $orig_desc = $1;
2359                                 $rawlines[$linenr] =~ /^\s*([^"]+)"\)/;
2360                                 $orig_desc .= " " . $1;
2361                                 $hasparens = 1;
2362                         }
2363
2364                         ($id, $description) = git_commit_info($orig_commit,
2365                                                               $id, $orig_desc);
2366
2367                         if ($short || $long || $space || $case || ($orig_desc ne $description) || !$hasparens) {
2368                                 ERROR("GIT_COMMIT_ID",
2369                                       "Please use git commit description style 'commit <12+ chars of sha1> (\"<title line>\")' - ie: '${init_char}ommit $id (\"$description\")'\n" . $herecurr);
2370                         }
2371                 }
2372
2373 # Check for added, moved or deleted files
2374                 if (!$reported_maintainer_file && !$in_commit_log &&
2375                     ($line =~ /^(?:new|deleted) file mode\s*\d+\s*$/ ||
2376                      $line =~ /^rename (?:from|to) [\w\/\.\-]+\s*$/ ||
2377                      ($line =~ /\{\s*([\w\/\.\-]*)\s*\=\>\s*([\w\/\.\-]*)\s*\}/ &&
2378                       (defined($1) || defined($2))))) {
2379                         $reported_maintainer_file = 1;
2380                         WARN("FILE_PATH_CHANGES",
2381                              "added, moved or deleted file(s), does MAINTAINERS need updating?\n" . $herecurr);
2382                 }
2383
2384 # Check for wrappage within a valid hunk of the file
2385                 if ($realcnt != 0 && $line !~ m{^(?:\+|-| |\\ No newline|$)}) {
2386                         ERROR("CORRUPTED_PATCH",
2387                               "patch seems to be corrupt (line wrapped?)\n" .
2388                                 $herecurr) if (!$emitted_corrupt++);
2389                 }
2390
2391 # Check for absolute kernel paths.
2392                 if ($tree) {
2393                         while ($line =~ m{(?:^|\s)(/\S*)}g) {
2394                                 my $file = $1;
2395
2396                                 if ($file =~ m{^(.*?)(?::\d+)+:?$} &&
2397                                     check_absolute_file($1, $herecurr)) {
2398                                         #
2399                                 } else {
2400                                         check_absolute_file($file, $herecurr);
2401                                 }
2402                         }
2403                 }
2404
2405 # UTF-8 regex found at http://www.w3.org/International/questions/qa-forms-utf-8.en.php
2406                 if (($realfile =~ /^$/ || $line =~ /^\+/) &&
2407                     $rawline !~ m/^$UTF8*$/) {
2408                         my ($utf8_prefix) = ($rawline =~ /^($UTF8*)/);
2409
2410                         my $blank = copy_spacing($rawline);
2411                         my $ptr = substr($blank, 0, length($utf8_prefix)) . "^";
2412                         my $hereptr = "$hereline$ptr\n";
2413
2414                         CHK("INVALID_UTF8",
2415                             "Invalid UTF-8, patch and commit message should be encoded in UTF-8\n" . $hereptr);
2416                 }
2417
2418 # Check if it's the start of a commit log
2419 # (not a header line and we haven't seen the patch filename)
2420                 if ($in_header_lines && $realfile =~ /^$/ &&
2421                     !($rawline =~ /^\s+\S/ ||
2422                       $rawline =~ /^(commit\b|from\b|[\w-]+:).*$/i)) {
2423                         $in_header_lines = 0;
2424                         $in_commit_log = 1;
2425                 }
2426
2427 # Check if there is UTF-8 in a commit log when a mail header has explicitly
2428 # declined it, i.e defined some charset where it is missing.
2429                 if ($in_header_lines &&
2430                     $rawline =~ /^Content-Type:.+charset="(.+)".*$/ &&
2431                     $1 !~ /utf-8/i) {
2432                         $non_utf8_charset = 1;
2433                 }
2434
2435                 if ($in_commit_log && $non_utf8_charset && $realfile =~ /^$/ &&
2436                     $rawline =~ /$NON_ASCII_UTF8/) {
2437                         WARN("UTF8_BEFORE_PATCH",
2438                             "8-bit UTF-8 used in possible commit log\n" . $herecurr);
2439                 }
2440
2441 # Check for various typo / spelling mistakes
2442                 if (defined($misspellings) &&
2443                     ($in_commit_log || $line =~ /^(?:\+|Subject:)/i)) {
2444                         while ($rawline =~ /(?:^|[^a-z@])($misspellings)(?:\b|$|[^a-z@])/gi) {
2445                                 my $typo = $1;
2446                                 my $typo_fix = $spelling_fix{lc($typo)};
2447                                 $typo_fix = ucfirst($typo_fix) if ($typo =~ /^[A-Z]/);
2448                                 $typo_fix = uc($typo_fix) if ($typo =~ /^[A-Z]+$/);
2449                                 my $msg_type = \&WARN;
2450                                 $msg_type = \&CHK if ($file);
2451                                 if (&{$msg_type}("TYPO_SPELLING",
2452                                                  "'$typo' may be misspelled - perhaps '$typo_fix'?\n" . $herecurr) &&
2453                                     $fix) {
2454                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(^|[^A-Za-z@])($typo)($|[^A-Za-z@])/$1$typo_fix$3/;
2455                                 }
2456                         }
2457                 }
2458
2459 # ignore non-hunk lines and lines being removed
2460                 next if (!$hunk_line || $line =~ /^-/);
2461
2462 #trailing whitespace
2463                 if ($line =~ /^\+.*\015/) {
2464                         my $herevet = "$here\n" . cat_vet($rawline) . "\n";
2465                         if (ERROR("DOS_LINE_ENDINGS",
2466                                   "DOS line endings\n" . $herevet) &&
2467                             $fix) {
2468                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/[\s\015]+$//;
2469                         }
2470                 } elsif ($rawline =~ /^\+.*\S\s+$/ || $rawline =~ /^\+\s+$/) {
2471                         my $herevet = "$here\n" . cat_vet($rawline) . "\n";
2472                         if (ERROR("TRAILING_WHITESPACE",
2473                                   "trailing whitespace\n" . $herevet) &&
2474                             $fix) {
2475                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\s+$//;
2476                         }
2477
2478                         $rpt_cleaners = 1;
2479                 }
2480
2481 # Check for FSF mailing addresses.
2482                 if ($rawline =~ /\bwrite to the Free/i ||
2483                     $rawline =~ /\b59\s+Temple\s+Pl/i ||
2484                     $rawline =~ /\b51\s+Franklin\s+St/i) {
2485                         my $herevet = "$here\n" . cat_vet($rawline) . "\n";
2486                         my $msg_type = \&ERROR;
2487                         $msg_type = \&CHK if ($file);
2488                         &{$msg_type}("FSF_MAILING_ADDRESS",
2489                                      "Do not include the paragraph about writing to the Free Software Foundation's mailing address from the sample GPL notice. The FSF has changed addresses in the past, and may do so again. Linux already includes a copy of the GPL.\n" . $herevet)
2490                 }
2491
2492 # check for Kconfig help text having a real description
2493 # Only applies when adding the entry originally, after that we do not have
2494 # sufficient context to determine whether it is indeed long enough.
2495                 if ($realfile =~ /Kconfig/ &&
2496                     $line =~ /^\+\s*config\s+/) {
2497                         my $length = 0;
2498                         my $cnt = $realcnt;
2499                         my $ln = $linenr + 1;
2500                         my $f;
2501                         my $is_start = 0;
2502                         my $is_end = 0;
2503                         for (; $cnt > 0 && defined $lines[$ln - 1]; $ln++) {
2504                                 $f = $lines[$ln - 1];
2505                                 $cnt-- if ($lines[$ln - 1] !~ /^-/);
2506                                 $is_end = $lines[$ln - 1] =~ /^\+/;
2507
2508                                 next if ($f =~ /^-/);
2509                                 last if (!$file && $f =~ /^\@\@/);
2510
2511                                 if ($lines[$ln - 1] =~ /^\+\s*(?:bool|tristate)\s*\"/) {
2512                                         $is_start = 1;
2513                                 } elsif ($lines[$ln - 1] =~ /^\+\s*(?:---)?help(?:---)?$/) {
2514                                         $length = -1;
2515                                 }
2516
2517                                 $f =~ s/^.//;
2518                                 $f =~ s/#.*//;
2519                                 $f =~ s/^\s+//;
2520                                 next if ($f =~ /^$/);
2521                                 if ($f =~ /^\s*config\s/) {
2522                                         $is_end = 1;
2523                                         last;
2524                                 }
2525                                 $length++;
2526                         }
2527                         if ($is_start && $is_end && $length < $min_conf_desc_length) {
2528                                 WARN("CONFIG_DESCRIPTION",
2529                                      "please write a paragraph that describes the config symbol fully\n" . $herecurr);
2530                         }
2531                         #print "is_start<$is_start> is_end<$is_end> length<$length>\n";
2532                 }
2533
2534 # discourage the addition of CONFIG_EXPERIMENTAL in Kconfig.
2535                 if ($realfile =~ /Kconfig/ &&
2536                     $line =~ /.\s*depends on\s+.*\bEXPERIMENTAL\b/) {
2537                         WARN("CONFIG_EXPERIMENTAL",
2538                              "Use of CONFIG_EXPERIMENTAL is deprecated. For alternatives, see https://lkml.org/lkml/2012/10/23/580\n");
2539                 }
2540
2541 # discourage the use of boolean for type definition attributes of Kconfig options
2542                 if ($realfile =~ /Kconfig/ &&
2543                     $line =~ /^\+\s*\bboolean\b/) {
2544                         WARN("CONFIG_TYPE_BOOLEAN",
2545                              "Use of boolean is deprecated, please use bool instead.\n" . $herecurr);
2546                 }
2547
2548                 if (($realfile =~ /Makefile.*/ || $realfile =~ /Kbuild.*/) &&
2549                     ($line =~ /\+(EXTRA_[A-Z]+FLAGS).*/)) {
2550                         my $flag = $1;
2551                         my $replacement = {
2552                                 'EXTRA_AFLAGS' =>   'asflags-y',
2553                                 'EXTRA_CFLAGS' =>   'ccflags-y',
2554                                 'EXTRA_CPPFLAGS' => 'cppflags-y',
2555                                 'EXTRA_LDFLAGS' =>  'ldflags-y',
2556                         };
2557
2558                         WARN("DEPRECATED_VARIABLE",
2559                              "Use of $flag is deprecated, please use \`$replacement->{$flag} instead.\n" . $herecurr) if ($replacement->{$flag});
2560                 }
2561
2562 # check for DT compatible documentation
2563                 if (defined $root &&
2564                         (($realfile =~ /\.dtsi?$/ && $line =~ /^\+\s*compatible\s*=\s*\"/) ||
2565                          ($realfile =~ /\.[ch]$/ && $line =~ /^\+.*\.compatible\s*=\s*\"/))) {
2566
2567                         my @compats = $rawline =~ /\"([a-zA-Z0-9\-\,\.\+_]+)\"/g;
2568
2569                         my $dt_path = $root . "/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/";
2570                         my $vp_file = $dt_path . "vendor-prefixes.txt";
2571
2572                         foreach my $compat (@compats) {
2573                                 my $compat2 = $compat;
2574                                 $compat2 =~ s/\,[a-zA-Z0-9]*\-/\,<\.\*>\-/;
2575                                 my $compat3 = $compat;
2576                                 $compat3 =~ s/\,([a-z]*)[0-9]*\-/\,$1<\.\*>\-/;
2577                                 `grep -Erq "$compat|$compat2|$compat3" $dt_path`;
2578                                 if ( $? >> 8 ) {
2579                                         WARN("UNDOCUMENTED_DT_STRING",
2580                                              "DT compatible string \"$compat\" appears un-documented -- check $dt_path\n" . $herecurr);
2581                                 }
2582
2583                                 next if $compat !~ /^([a-zA-Z0-9\-]+)\,/;
2584                                 my $vendor = $1;
2585                                 `grep -Eq "^$vendor\\b" $vp_file`;
2586                                 if ( $? >> 8 ) {
2587                                         WARN("UNDOCUMENTED_DT_STRING",
2588                                              "DT compatible string vendor \"$vendor\" appears un-documented -- check $vp_file\n" . $herecurr);
2589                                 }
2590                         }
2591                 }
2592
2593 # check we are in a valid source file if not then ignore this hunk
2594                 next if ($realfile !~ /\.(h|c|s|S|pl|sh|dtsi|dts)$/);
2595
2596 # line length limit (with some exclusions)
2597 #
2598 # There are a few types of lines that may extend beyond $max_line_length:
2599 #       logging functions like pr_info that end in a string
2600 #       lines with a single string
2601 #       #defines that are a single string
2602 #
2603 # There are 3 different line length message types:
2604 # LONG_LINE_COMMENT     a comment starts before but extends beyond $max_linelength
2605 # LONG_LINE_STRING      a string starts before but extends beyond $max_line_length
2606 # LONG_LINE             all other lines longer than $max_line_length
2607 #
2608 # if LONG_LINE is ignored, the other 2 types are also ignored
2609 #
2610
2611                 if ($line =~ /^\+/ && $length > $max_line_length) {
2612                         my $msg_type = "LONG_LINE";
2613
2614                         # Check the allowed long line types first
2615
2616                         # logging functions that end in a string that starts
2617                         # before $max_line_length
2618                         if ($line =~ /^\+\s*$logFunctions\s*\(\s*(?:(?:KERN_\S+\s*|[^"]*))?($String\s*(?:|,|\)\s*;)\s*)$/ &&
2619                             length(expand_tabs(substr($line, 1, length($line) - length($1) - 1))) <= $max_line_length) {
2620                                 $msg_type = "";
2621
2622                         # lines with only strings (w/ possible termination)
2623                         # #defines with only strings
2624                         } elsif ($line =~ /^\+\s*$String\s*(?:\s*|,|\)\s*;)\s*$/ ||
2625                                  $line =~ /^\+\s*#\s*define\s+\w+\s+$String$/) {
2626                                 $msg_type = "";
2627
2628                         # Otherwise set the alternate message types
2629
2630                         # a comment starts before $max_line_length
2631                         } elsif ($line =~ /($;[\s$;]*)$/ &&
2632                                  length(expand_tabs(substr($line, 1, length($line) - length($1) - 1))) <= $max_line_length) {
2633                                 $msg_type = "LONG_LINE_COMMENT"
2634
2635                         # a quoted string starts before $max_line_length
2636                         } elsif ($sline =~ /\s*($String(?:\s*(?:\\|,\s*|\)\s*;\s*))?)$/ &&
2637                                  length(expand_tabs(substr($line, 1, length($line) - length($1) - 1))) <= $max_line_length) {
2638                                 $msg_type = "LONG_LINE_STRING"
2639                         }
2640
2641                         if ($msg_type ne "" &&
2642                             (show_type("LONG_LINE") || show_type($msg_type))) {
2643                                 WARN($msg_type,
2644                                      "line over $max_line_length characters\n" . $herecurr);
2645                         }
2646                 }
2647
2648 # check for adding lines without a newline.
2649                 if ($line =~ /^\+/ && defined $lines[$linenr] && $lines[$linenr] =~ /^\\ No newline at end of file/) {
2650                         WARN("MISSING_EOF_NEWLINE",
2651                              "adding a line without newline at end of file\n" . $herecurr);
2652                 }
2653
2654 # Blackfin: use hi/lo macros
2655                 if ($realfile =~ m@arch/blackfin/.*\.S$@) {
2656                         if ($line =~ /\.[lL][[:space:]]*=.*&[[:space:]]*0x[fF][fF][fF][fF]/) {
2657                                 my $herevet = "$here\n" . cat_vet($line) . "\n";
2658                                 ERROR("LO_MACRO",
2659                                       "use the LO() macro, not (... & 0xFFFF)\n" . $herevet);
2660                         }
2661                         if ($line =~ /\.[hH][[:space:]]*=.*>>[[:space:]]*16/) {
2662                                 my $herevet = "$here\n" . cat_vet($line) . "\n";
2663                                 ERROR("HI_MACRO",
2664                                       "use the HI() macro, not (... >> 16)\n" . $herevet);
2665                         }
2666                 }
2667
2668 # check we are in a valid source file C or perl if not then ignore this hunk
2669                 next if ($realfile !~ /\.(h|c|pl|dtsi|dts)$/);
2670
2671 # at the beginning of a line any tabs must come first and anything
2672 # more than 8 must use tabs.
2673                 if ($rawline =~ /^\+\s* \t\s*\S/ ||
2674                     $rawline =~ /^\+\s*        \s*/) {
2675                         my $herevet = "$here\n" . cat_vet($rawline) . "\n";
2676                         $rpt_cleaners = 1;
2677                         if (ERROR("CODE_INDENT",
2678                                   "code indent should use tabs where possible\n" . $herevet) &&
2679                             $fix) {
2680                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/^\+([ \t]+)/"\+" . tabify($1)/e;
2681                         }
2682                 }
2683
2684 # check for space before tabs.
2685                 if ($rawline =~ /^\+/ && $rawline =~ / \t/) {
2686                         my $herevet = "$here\n" . cat_vet($rawline) . "\n";
2687                         if (WARN("SPACE_BEFORE_TAB",
2688                                 "please, no space before tabs\n" . $herevet) &&
2689                             $fix) {
2690                                 while ($fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
2691                                            s/(^\+.*) {8,8}\t/$1\t\t/) {}
2692                                 while ($fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
2693                                            s/(^\+.*) +\t/$1\t/) {}
2694                         }
2695                 }
2696
2697 # check for && or || at the start of a line
2698                 if ($rawline =~ /^\+\s*(&&|\|\|)/) {
2699                         CHK("LOGICAL_CONTINUATIONS",
2700                             "Logical continuations should be on the previous line\n" . $hereprev);
2701                 }
2702
2703 # check multi-line statement indentation matches previous line
2704                 if ($^V && $^V ge 5.10.0 &&
2705                     $prevline =~ /^\+([ \t]*)((?:$c90_Keywords(?:\s+if)\s*)|(?:$Declare\s*)?(?:$Ident|\(\s*\*\s*$Ident\s*\))\s*|$Ident\s*=\s*$Ident\s*)\(.*(\&\&|\|\||,)\s*$/) {
2706                         $prevline =~ /^\+(\t*)(.*)$/;
2707                         my $oldindent = $1;
2708                         my $rest = $2;
2709
2710                         my $pos = pos_last_openparen($rest);
2711                         if ($pos >= 0) {
2712                                 $line =~ /^(\+| )([ \t]*)/;
2713                                 my $newindent = $2;
2714
2715                                 my $goodtabindent = $oldindent .
2716                                         "\t" x ($pos / 8) .
2717                                         " "  x ($pos % 8);
2718                                 my $goodspaceindent = $oldindent . " "  x $pos;
2719
2720                                 if ($newindent ne $goodtabindent &&
2721                                     $newindent ne $goodspaceindent) {
2722
2723                                         if (CHK("PARENTHESIS_ALIGNMENT",
2724                                                 "Alignment should match open parenthesis\n" . $hereprev) &&
2725                                             $fix && $line =~ /^\+/) {
2726                                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
2727                                                     s/^\+[ \t]*/\+$goodtabindent/;
2728                                         }
2729                                 }
2730                         }
2731                 }
2732
2733 # check for space after cast like "(int) foo" or "(struct foo) bar"
2734 # avoid checking a few false positives:
2735 #   "sizeof(<type>)" or "__alignof__(<type>)"
2736 #   function pointer declarations like "(*foo)(int) = bar;"
2737 #   structure definitions like "(struct foo) { 0 };"
2738 #   multiline macros that define functions
2739 #   known attributes or the __attribute__ keyword
2740                 if ($line =~ /^\+(.*)\(\s*$Type\s*\)([ \t]++)((?![={]|\\$|$Attribute|__attribute__))/ &&
2741                     (!defined($1) || $1 !~ /\b(?:sizeof|__alignof__)\s*$/)) {
2742                         if (CHK("SPACING",
2743                                 "No space is necessary after a cast\n" . $herecurr) &&
2744                             $fix) {
2745                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
2746                                     s/(\(\s*$Type\s*\))[ \t]+/$1/;
2747                         }
2748                 }
2749
2750                 if ($realfile =~ m@^(drivers/net/|net/)@ &&
2751                     $prevrawline =~ /^\+[ \t]*\/\*[ \t]*$/ &&
2752                     $rawline =~ /^\+[ \t]*\*/ &&
2753                     $realline > 2) {
2754                         WARN("NETWORKING_BLOCK_COMMENT_STYLE",
2755                              "networking block comments don't use an empty /* line, use /* Comment...\n" . $hereprev);
2756                 }
2757
2758                 if ($realfile =~ m@^(drivers/net/|net/)@ &&
2759                     $prevrawline =~ /^\+[ \t]*\/\*/ &&          #starting /*
2760                     $prevrawline !~ /\*\/[ \t]*$/ &&            #no trailing */
2761                     $rawline =~ /^\+/ &&                        #line is new
2762                     $rawline !~ /^\+[ \t]*\*/) {                #no leading *
2763                         WARN("NETWORKING_BLOCK_COMMENT_STYLE",
2764                              "networking block comments start with * on subsequent lines\n" . $hereprev);
2765                 }
2766
2767                 if ($realfile =~ m@^(drivers/net/|net/)@ &&
2768                     $rawline !~ m@^\+[ \t]*\*/[ \t]*$@ &&       #trailing */
2769                     $rawline !~ m@^\+.*/\*.*\*/[ \t]*$@ &&      #inline /*...*/
2770                     $rawline !~ m@^\+.*\*{2,}/[ \t]*$@ &&       #trailing **/
2771                     $rawline =~ m@^\+[ \t]*.+\*\/[ \t]*$@) {    #non blank */
2772                         WARN("NETWORKING_BLOCK_COMMENT_STYLE",
2773                              "networking block comments put the trailing */ on a separate line\n" . $herecurr);
2774                 }
2775
2776 # check for missing blank lines after struct/union declarations
2777 # with exceptions for various attributes and macros
2778                 if ($prevline =~ /^[\+ ]};?\s*$/ &&
2779                     $line =~ /^\+/ &&
2780                     !($line =~ /^\+\s*$/ ||
2781                       $line =~ /^\+\s*EXPORT_SYMBOL/ ||
2782                       $line =~ /^\+\s*MODULE_/i ||
2783                       $line =~ /^\+\s*\#\s*(?:end|elif|else)/ ||
2784                       $line =~ /^\+[a-z_]*init/ ||
2785                       $line =~ /^\+\s*(?:static\s+)?[A-Z_]*ATTR/ ||
2786                       $line =~ /^\+\s*DECLARE/ ||
2787                       $line =~ /^\+\s*__setup/)) {
2788                         if (CHK("LINE_SPACING",
2789                                 "Please use a blank line after function/struct/union/enum declarations\n" . $hereprev) &&
2790                             $fix) {
2791                                 fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, "\+");
2792                         }
2793                 }
2794
2795 # check for multiple consecutive blank lines
2796                 if ($prevline =~ /^[\+ ]\s*$/ &&
2797                     $line =~ /^\+\s*$/ &&
2798                     $last_blank_line != ($linenr - 1)) {
2799                         if (CHK("LINE_SPACING",
2800                                 "Please don't use multiple blank lines\n" . $hereprev) &&
2801                             $fix) {
2802                                 fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
2803                         }
2804
2805                         $last_blank_line = $linenr;
2806                 }
2807
2808 # check for missing blank lines after declarations
2809                 if ($sline =~ /^\+\s+\S/ &&                     #Not at char 1
2810                         # actual declarations
2811                     ($prevline =~ /^\+\s+$Declare\s*$Ident\s*[=,;:\[]/ ||
2812                         # function pointer declarations
2813                      $prevline =~ /^\+\s+$Declare\s*\(\s*\*\s*$Ident\s*\)\s*[=,;:\[\(]/ ||
2814                         # foo bar; where foo is some local typedef or #define
2815                      $prevline =~ /^\+\s+$Ident(?:\s+|\s*\*\s*)$Ident\s*[=,;\[]/ ||
2816                         # known declaration macros
2817                      $prevline =~ /^\+\s+$declaration_macros/) &&
2818                         # for "else if" which can look like "$Ident $Ident"
2819                     !($prevline =~ /^\+\s+$c90_Keywords\b/ ||
2820                         # other possible extensions of declaration lines
2821                       $prevline =~ /(?:$Compare|$Assignment|$Operators)\s*$/ ||
2822                         # not starting a section or a macro "\" extended line
2823                       $prevline =~ /(?:\{\s*|\\)$/) &&
2824                         # looks like a declaration
2825                     !($sline =~ /^\+\s+$Declare\s*$Ident\s*[=,;:\[]/ ||
2826                         # function pointer declarations
2827                       $sline =~ /^\+\s+$Declare\s*\(\s*\*\s*$Ident\s*\)\s*[=,;:\[\(]/ ||
2828                         # foo bar; where foo is some local typedef or #define
2829                       $sline =~ /^\+\s+$Ident(?:\s+|\s*\*\s*)$Ident\s*[=,;\[]/ ||
2830                         # known declaration macros
2831                       $sline =~ /^\+\s+$declaration_macros/ ||
2832                         # start of struct or union or enum
2833                       $sline =~ /^\+\s+(?:union|struct|enum|typedef)\b/ ||
2834                         # start or end of block or continuation of declaration
2835                       $sline =~ /^\+\s+(?:$|[\{\}\.\#\"\?\:\(\[])/ ||
2836                         # bitfield continuation
2837                       $sline =~ /^\+\s+$Ident\s*:\s*\d+\s*[,;]/ ||
2838                         # other possible extensions of declaration lines
2839                       $sline =~ /^\+\s+\(?\s*(?:$Compare|$Assignment|$Operators)/) &&
2840                         # indentation of previous and current line are the same
2841                     (($prevline =~ /\+(\s+)\S/) && $sline =~ /^\+$1\S/)) {
2842                         if (WARN("LINE_SPACING",
2843                                  "Missing a blank line after declarations\n" . $hereprev) &&
2844                             $fix) {
2845                                 fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, "\+");
2846                         }
2847                 }
2848
2849 # check for spaces at the beginning of a line.
2850 # Exceptions:
2851 #  1) within comments
2852 #  2) indented preprocessor commands
2853 #  3) hanging labels
2854                 if ($rawline =~ /^\+ / && $line !~ /^\+ *(?:$;|#|$Ident:)/)  {
2855                         my $herevet = "$here\n" . cat_vet($rawline) . "\n";
2856                         if (WARN("LEADING_SPACE",
2857                                  "please, no spaces at the start of a line\n" . $herevet) &&
2858                             $fix) {
2859                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/^\+([ \t]+)/"\+" . tabify($1)/e;
2860                         }
2861                 }
2862
2863 # check we are in a valid C source file if not then ignore this hunk
2864                 next if ($realfile !~ /\.(h|c)$/);
2865
2866 # check indentation of any line with a bare else
2867 # (but not if it is a multiple line "if (foo) return bar; else return baz;")
2868 # if the previous line is a break or return and is indented 1 tab more...
2869                 if ($sline =~ /^\+([\t]+)(?:}[ \t]*)?else(?:[ \t]*{)?\s*$/) {
2870                         my $tabs = length($1) + 1;
2871                         if ($prevline =~ /^\+\t{$tabs,$tabs}break\b/ ||
2872                             ($prevline =~ /^\+\t{$tabs,$tabs}return\b/ &&
2873                              defined $lines[$linenr] &&
2874                              $lines[$linenr] !~ /^[ \+]\t{$tabs,$tabs}return/)) {
2875                                 WARN("UNNECESSARY_ELSE",
2876                                      "else is not generally useful after a break or return\n" . $hereprev);
2877                         }
2878                 }
2879
2880 # check indentation of a line with a break;
2881 # if the previous line is a goto or return and is indented the same # of tabs
2882                 if ($sline =~ /^\+([\t]+)break\s*;\s*$/) {
2883                         my $tabs = $1;
2884                         if ($prevline =~ /^\+$tabs(?:goto|return)\b/) {
2885                                 WARN("UNNECESSARY_BREAK",
2886                                      "break is not useful after a goto or return\n" . $hereprev);
2887                         }
2888                 }
2889
2890 # discourage the addition of CONFIG_EXPERIMENTAL in #if(def).
2891                 if ($line =~ /^\+\s*\#\s*if.*\bCONFIG_EXPERIMENTAL\b/) {
2892                         WARN("CONFIG_EXPERIMENTAL",
2893                              "Use of CONFIG_EXPERIMENTAL is deprecated. For alternatives, see https://lkml.org/lkml/2012/10/23/580\n");
2894                 }
2895
2896 # check for RCS/CVS revision markers
2897                 if ($rawline =~ /^\+.*\$(Revision|Log|Id)(?:\$|)/) {
2898                         WARN("CVS_KEYWORD",
2899                              "CVS style keyword markers, these will _not_ be updated\n". $herecurr);
2900                 }
2901
2902 # Blackfin: don't use __builtin_bfin_[cs]sync
2903                 if ($line =~ /__builtin_bfin_csync/) {
2904                         my $herevet = "$here\n" . cat_vet($line) . "\n";
2905                         ERROR("CSYNC",
2906                               "use the CSYNC() macro in asm/blackfin.h\n" . $herevet);
2907                 }
2908                 if ($line =~ /__builtin_bfin_ssync/) {
2909                         my $herevet = "$here\n" . cat_vet($line) . "\n";
2910                         ERROR("SSYNC",
2911                               "use the SSYNC() macro in asm/blackfin.h\n" . $herevet);
2912                 }
2913
2914 # check for old HOTPLUG __dev<foo> section markings
2915                 if ($line =~ /\b(__dev(init|exit)(data|const|))\b/) {
2916                         WARN("HOTPLUG_SECTION",
2917                              "Using $1 is unnecessary\n" . $herecurr);
2918                 }
2919
2920 # Check for potential 'bare' types
2921                 my ($stat, $cond, $line_nr_next, $remain_next, $off_next,
2922                     $realline_next);
2923 #print "LINE<$line>\n";
2924                 if ($linenr >= $suppress_statement &&
2925                     $realcnt && $sline =~ /.\s*\S/) {
2926                         ($stat, $cond, $line_nr_next, $remain_next, $off_next) =
2927                                 ctx_statement_block($linenr, $realcnt, 0);
2928                         $stat =~ s/\n./\n /g;
2929                         $cond =~ s/\n./\n /g;
2930
2931 #print "linenr<$linenr> <$stat>\n";
2932                         # If this statement has no statement boundaries within
2933                         # it there is no point in retrying a statement scan
2934                         # until we hit end of it.
2935                         my $frag = $stat; $frag =~ s/;+\s*$//;
2936                         if ($frag !~ /(?:{|;)/) {
2937 #print "skip<$line_nr_next>\n";
2938                                 $suppress_statement = $line_nr_next;
2939                         }
2940
2941                         # Find the real next line.
2942                         $realline_next = $line_nr_next;
2943                         if (defined $realline_next &&
2944                             (!defined $lines[$realline_next - 1] ||
2945                              substr($lines[$realline_next - 1], $off_next) =~ /^\s*$/)) {
2946                                 $realline_next++;
2947                         }
2948
2949                         my $s = $stat;
2950                         $s =~ s/{.*$//s;
2951
2952                         # Ignore goto labels.
2953                         if ($s =~ /$Ident:\*$/s) {
2954
2955                         # Ignore functions being called
2956                         } elsif ($s =~ /^.\s*$Ident\s*\(/s) {
2957
2958                         } elsif ($s =~ /^.\s*else\b/s) {
2959
2960                         # declarations always start with types
2961                         } elsif ($prev_values eq 'E' && $s =~ /^.\s*(?:$Storage\s+)?(?:$Inline\s+)?(?:const\s+)?((?:\s*$Ident)+?)\b(?:\s+$Sparse)?\s*\**\s*(?:$Ident|\(\*[^\)]*\))(?:\s*$Modifier)?\s*(?:;|=|,|\()/s) {
2962                                 my $type = $1;
2963                                 $type =~ s/\s+/ /g;
2964                                 possible($type, "A:" . $s);
2965
2966                         # definitions in global scope can only start with types
2967                         } elsif ($s =~ /^.(?:$Storage\s+)?(?:$Inline\s+)?(?:const\s+)?($Ident)\b\s*(?!:)/s) {
2968                                 possible($1, "B:" . $s);
2969                         }
2970
2971                         # any (foo ... *) is a pointer cast, and foo is a type
2972                         while ($s =~ /\(($Ident)(?:\s+$Sparse)*[\s\*]+\s*\)/sg) {
2973                                 possible($1, "C:" . $s);
2974                         }
2975
2976                         # Check for any sort of function declaration.
2977                         # int foo(something bar, other baz);
2978                         # void (*store_gdt)(x86_descr_ptr *);
2979                         if ($prev_values eq 'E' && $s =~ /^(.(?:typedef\s*)?(?:(?:$Storage|$Inline)\s*)*\s*$Type\s*(?:\b$Ident|\(\*\s*$Ident\))\s*)\(/s) {
2980                                 my ($name_len) = length($1);
2981
2982                                 my $ctx = $s;
2983                                 substr($ctx, 0, $name_len + 1, '');
2984                                 $ctx =~ s/\)[^\)]*$//;
2985
2986                                 for my $arg (split(/\s*,\s*/, $ctx)) {
2987                                         if ($arg =~ /^(?:const\s+)?($Ident)(?:\s+$Sparse)*\s*\**\s*(:?\b$Ident)?$/s || $arg =~ /^($Ident)$/s) {
2988
2989                                                 possible($1, "D:" . $s);
2990                                         }
2991                                 }
2992                         }
2993
2994                 }
2995
2996 #
2997 # Checks which may be anchored in the context.
2998 #
2999
3000 # Check for switch () and associated case and default
3001 # statements should be at the same indent.
3002                 if ($line=~/\bswitch\s*\(.*\)/) {
3003                         my $err = '';
3004                         my $sep = '';
3005                         my @ctx = ctx_block_outer($linenr, $realcnt);
3006                         shift(@ctx);
3007                         for my $ctx (@ctx) {
3008                                 my ($clen, $cindent) = line_stats($ctx);
3009                                 if ($ctx =~ /^\+\s*(case\s+|default:)/ &&
3010                                                         $indent != $cindent) {
3011                                         $err .= "$sep$ctx\n";
3012                                         $sep = '';
3013                                 } else {
3014                                         $sep = "[...]\n";
3015                                 }
3016                         }
3017                         if ($err ne '') {
3018                                 ERROR("SWITCH_CASE_INDENT_LEVEL",
3019                                       "switch and case should be at the same indent\n$hereline$err");
3020                         }
3021                 }
3022
3023 # if/while/etc brace do not go on next line, unless defining a do while loop,
3024 # or if that brace on the next line is for something else
3025                 if ($line =~ /(.*)\b((?:if|while|for|switch|(?:[a-z_]+|)for_each[a-z_]+)\s*\(|do\b|else\b)/ && $line !~ /^.\s*\#/) {
3026                         my $pre_ctx = "$1$2";
3027
3028                         my ($level, @ctx) = ctx_statement_level($linenr, $realcnt, 0);
3029
3030                         if ($line =~ /^\+\t{6,}/) {
3031                                 WARN("DEEP_INDENTATION",
3032                                      "Too many leading tabs - consider code refactoring\n" . $herecurr);
3033                         }
3034
3035                         my $ctx_cnt = $realcnt - $#ctx - 1;
3036                         my $ctx = join("\n", @ctx);
3037
3038                         my $ctx_ln = $linenr;
3039                         my $ctx_skip = $realcnt;
3040
3041                         while ($ctx_skip > $ctx_cnt || ($ctx_skip == $ctx_cnt &&
3042                                         defined $lines[$ctx_ln - 1] &&
3043                                         $lines[$ctx_ln - 1] =~ /^-/)) {
3044                                 ##print "SKIP<$ctx_skip> CNT<$ctx_cnt>\n";
3045                                 $ctx_skip-- if (!defined $lines[$ctx_ln - 1] || $lines[$ctx_ln - 1] !~ /^-/);
3046                                 $ctx_ln++;
3047                         }
3048
3049                         #print "realcnt<$realcnt> ctx_cnt<$ctx_cnt>\n";
3050                         #print "pre<$pre_ctx>\nline<$line>\nctx<$ctx>\nnext<$lines[$ctx_ln - 1]>\n";
3051
3052                         if ($ctx !~ /{\s*/ && defined($lines[$ctx_ln - 1]) && $lines[$ctx_ln - 1] =~ /^\+\s*{/) {
3053                                 ERROR("OPEN_BRACE",
3054                                       "that open brace { should be on the previous line\n" .
3055                                         "$here\n$ctx\n$rawlines[$ctx_ln - 1]\n");
3056                         }
3057                         if ($level == 0 && $pre_ctx !~ /}\s*while\s*\($/ &&
3058                             $ctx =~ /\)\s*\;\s*$/ &&
3059                             defined $lines[$ctx_ln - 1])
3060                         {
3061                                 my ($nlength, $nindent) = line_stats($lines[$ctx_ln - 1]);
3062                                 if ($nindent > $indent) {
3063                                         WARN("TRAILING_SEMICOLON",
3064                                              "trailing semicolon indicates no statements, indent implies otherwise\n" .
3065                                                 "$here\n$ctx\n$rawlines[$ctx_ln - 1]\n");
3066                                 }
3067                         }
3068                 }
3069
3070 # Check relative indent for conditionals and blocks.
3071                 if ($line =~ /\b(?:(?:if|while|for|(?:[a-z_]+|)for_each[a-z_]+)\s*\(|do\b)/ && $line !~ /^.\s*#/ && $line !~ /\}\s*while\s*/) {
3072                         ($stat, $cond, $line_nr_next, $remain_next, $off_next) =
3073                                 ctx_statement_block($linenr, $realcnt, 0)
3074                                         if (!defined $stat);
3075                         my ($s, $c) = ($stat, $cond);
3076
3077                         substr($s, 0, length($c), '');
3078
3079                         # Make sure we remove the line prefixes as we have
3080                         # none on the first line, and are going to readd them
3081                         # where necessary.
3082                         $s =~ s/\n./\n/gs;
3083
3084                         # Find out how long the conditional actually is.
3085                         my @newlines = ($c =~ /\n/gs);
3086                         my $cond_lines = 1 + $#newlines;
3087
3088                         # We want to check the first line inside the block
3089                         # starting at the end of the conditional, so remove:
3090                         #  1) any blank line termination
3091                         #  2) any opening brace { on end of the line
3092                         #  3) any do (...) {
3093                         my $continuation = 0;
3094                         my $check = 0;
3095                         $s =~ s/^.*\bdo\b//;
3096                         $s =~ s/^\s*{//;
3097                         if ($s =~ s/^\s*\\//) {
3098                                 $continuation = 1;
3099                         }
3100                         if ($s =~ s/^\s*?\n//) {
3101                                 $check = 1;
3102                                 $cond_lines++;
3103                         }
3104
3105                         # Also ignore a loop construct at the end of a
3106                         # preprocessor statement.
3107                         if (($prevline =~ /^.\s*#\s*define\s/ ||
3108                             $prevline =~ /\\\s*$/) && $continuation == 0) {
3109                                 $check = 0;
3110                         }
3111
3112                         my $cond_ptr = -1;
3113                         $continuation = 0;
3114                         while ($cond_ptr != $cond_lines) {
3115                                 $cond_ptr = $cond_lines;
3116
3117                                 # If we see an #else/#elif then the code
3118                                 # is not linear.
3119                                 if ($s =~ /^\s*\#\s*(?:else|elif)/) {
3120                                         $check = 0;
3121                                 }
3122
3123                                 # Ignore:
3124                                 #  1) blank lines, they should be at 0,
3125                                 #  2) preprocessor lines, and
3126                                 #  3) labels.
3127                                 if ($continuation ||
3128                                     $s =~ /^\s*?\n/ ||
3129                                     $s =~ /^\s*#\s*?/ ||
3130                                     $s =~ /^\s*$Ident\s*:/) {
3131                                         $continuation = ($s =~ /^.*?\\\n/) ? 1 : 0;
3132                                         if ($s =~ s/^.*?\n//) {
3133                                                 $cond_lines++;
3134                                         }
3135                                 }
3136                         }
3137
3138                         my (undef, $sindent) = line_stats("+" . $s);
3139                         my $stat_real = raw_line($linenr, $cond_lines);
3140
3141                         # Check if either of these lines are modified, else
3142                         # this is not this patch's fault.
3143                         if (!defined($stat_real) ||
3144                             $stat !~ /^\+/ && $stat_real !~ /^\+/) {
3145                                 $check = 0;
3146                         }
3147                         if (defined($stat_real) && $cond_lines > 1) {
3148                                 $stat_real = "[...]\n$stat_real";
3149                         }
3150
3151                         #print "line<$line> prevline<$prevline> indent<$indent> sindent<$sindent> check<$check> continuation<$continuation> s<$s> cond_lines<$cond_lines> stat_real<$stat_real> stat<$stat>\n";
3152
3153                         if ($check && (($sindent % 8) != 0 ||
3154                             ($sindent <= $indent && $s ne ''))) {
3155                                 WARN("SUSPECT_CODE_INDENT",
3156                                      "suspect code indent for conditional statements ($indent, $sindent)\n" . $herecurr . "$stat_real\n");
3157                         }
3158                 }
3159
3160                 # Track the 'values' across context and added lines.
3161                 my $opline = $line; $opline =~ s/^./ /;
3162                 my ($curr_values, $curr_vars) =
3163                                 annotate_values($opline . "\n", $prev_values);
3164                 $curr_values = $prev_values . $curr_values;
3165                 if ($dbg_values) {
3166                         my $outline = $opline; $outline =~ s/\t/ /g;
3167                         print "$linenr > .$outline\n";
3168                         print "$linenr > $curr_values\n";
3169                         print "$linenr >  $curr_vars\n";
3170                 }
3171                 $prev_values = substr($curr_values, -1);
3172
3173 #ignore lines not being added
3174                 next if ($line =~ /^[^\+]/);
3175
3176 # TEST: allow direct testing of the type matcher.
3177                 if ($dbg_type) {
3178                         if ($line =~ /^.\s*$Declare\s*$/) {
3179                                 ERROR("TEST_TYPE",
3180                                       "TEST: is type\n" . $herecurr);
3181                         } elsif ($dbg_type > 1 && $line =~ /^.+($Declare)/) {
3182                                 ERROR("TEST_NOT_TYPE",
3183                                       "TEST: is not type ($1 is)\n". $herecurr);
3184                         }
3185                         next;
3186                 }
3187 # TEST: allow direct testing of the attribute matcher.
3188                 if ($dbg_attr) {
3189                         if ($line =~ /^.\s*$Modifier\s*$/) {
3190                                 ERROR("TEST_ATTR",
3191                                       "TEST: is attr\n" . $herecurr);
3192                         } elsif ($dbg_attr > 1 && $line =~ /^.+($Modifier)/) {
3193                                 ERROR("TEST_NOT_ATTR",
3194                                       "TEST: is not attr ($1 is)\n". $herecurr);
3195                         }
3196                         next;
3197                 }
3198
3199 # check for initialisation to aggregates open brace on the next line
3200                 if ($line =~ /^.\s*{/ &&
3201                     $prevline =~ /(?:^|[^=])=\s*$/) {
3202                         if (ERROR("OPEN_BRACE",
3203                                   "that open brace { should be on the previous line\n" . $hereprev) &&
3204                             $fix && $prevline =~ /^\+/ && $line =~ /^\+/) {
3205                                 fix_delete_line($fixlinenr - 1, $prevrawline);
3206                                 fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
3207                                 my $fixedline = $prevrawline;
3208                                 $fixedline =~ s/\s*=\s*$/ = {/;
3209                                 fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, $fixedline);
3210                                 $fixedline = $line;
3211                                 $fixedline =~ s/^(.\s*){\s*/$1/;
3212                                 fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, $fixedline);
3213                         }
3214                 }
3215
3216 #
3217 # Checks which are anchored on the added line.
3218 #
3219
3220 # check for malformed paths in #include statements (uses RAW line)
3221                 if ($rawline =~ m{^.\s*\#\s*include\s+[<"](.*)[">]}) {
3222                         my $path = $1;
3223                         if ($path =~ m{//}) {
3224                                 ERROR("MALFORMED_INCLUDE",
3225                                       "malformed #include filename\n" . $herecurr);
3226                         }
3227                         if ($path =~ "^uapi/" && $realfile =~ m@\binclude/uapi/@) {
3228                                 ERROR("UAPI_INCLUDE",
3229                                       "No #include in ...include/uapi/... should use a uapi/ path prefix\n" . $herecurr);
3230                         }
3231                 }
3232
3233 # no C99 // comments
3234                 if ($line =~ m{//}) {
3235                         if (ERROR("C99_COMMENTS",
3236                                   "do not use C99 // comments\n" . $herecurr) &&
3237                             $fix) {
3238                                 my $line = $fixed[$fixlinenr];
3239                                 if ($line =~ /\/\/(.*)$/) {
3240                                         my $comment = trim($1);
3241                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s@\/\/(.*)$@/\* $comment \*/@;
3242                                 }
3243                         }
3244                 }
3245                 # Remove C99 comments.
3246                 $line =~ s@//.*@@;
3247                 $opline =~ s@//.*@@;
3248
3249 # EXPORT_SYMBOL should immediately follow the thing it is exporting, consider
3250 # the whole statement.
3251 #print "APW <$lines[$realline_next - 1]>\n";
3252                 if (defined $realline_next &&
3253                     exists $lines[$realline_next - 1] &&
3254                     !defined $suppress_export{$realline_next} &&
3255                     ($lines[$realline_next - 1] =~ /EXPORT_SYMBOL.*\((.*)\)/ ||
3256                      $lines[$realline_next - 1] =~ /EXPORT_UNUSED_SYMBOL.*\((.*)\)/)) {
3257                         # Handle definitions which produce identifiers with
3258                         # a prefix:
3259                         #   XXX(foo);
3260                         #   EXPORT_SYMBOL(something_foo);
3261                         my $name = $1;
3262                         if ($stat =~ /^(?:.\s*}\s*\n)?.([A-Z_]+)\s*\(\s*($Ident)/ &&
3263                             $name =~ /^${Ident}_$2/) {
3264 #print "FOO C name<$name>\n";
3265                                 $suppress_export{$realline_next} = 1;
3266
3267                         } elsif ($stat !~ /(?:
3268                                 \n.}\s*$|
3269                                 ^.DEFINE_$Ident\(\Q$name\E\)|
3270                                 ^.DECLARE_$Ident\(\Q$name\E\)|
3271                                 ^.LIST_HEAD\(\Q$name\E\)|
3272                                 ^.(?:$Storage\s+)?$Type\s*\(\s*\*\s*\Q$name\E\s*\)\s*\(|
3273                                 \b\Q$name\E(?:\s+$Attribute)*\s*(?:;|=|\[|\()
3274                             )/x) {
3275 #print "FOO A<$lines[$realline_next - 1]> stat<$stat> name<$name>\n";
3276                                 $suppress_export{$realline_next} = 2;
3277                         } else {
3278                                 $suppress_export{$realline_next} = 1;
3279                         }
3280                 }
3281                 if (!defined $suppress_export{$linenr} &&
3282                     $prevline =~ /^.\s*$/ &&
3283                     ($line =~ /EXPORT_SYMBOL.*\((.*)\)/ ||
3284                      $line =~ /EXPORT_UNUSED_SYMBOL.*\((.*)\)/)) {
3285 #print "FOO B <$lines[$linenr - 1]>\n";
3286                         $suppress_export{$linenr} = 2;
3287                 }
3288                 if (defined $suppress_export{$linenr} &&
3289                     $suppress_export{$linenr} == 2) {
3290                         WARN("EXPORT_SYMBOL",
3291                              "EXPORT_SYMBOL(foo); should immediately follow its function/variable\n" . $herecurr);
3292                 }
3293
3294 # check for global initialisers.
3295                 if ($line =~ /^\+$Type\s*$Ident(?:\s+$Modifier)*\s*=\s*(?:0|NULL|false)\s*;/) {
3296                         if (ERROR("GLOBAL_INITIALISERS",
3297                                   "do not initialise globals to 0 or NULL\n" .
3298                                       $herecurr) &&
3299                             $fix) {
3300                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(^.$Type\s*$Ident(?:\s+$Modifier)*)\s*=\s*(0|NULL|false)\s*;/$1;/;
3301                         }
3302                 }
3303 # check for static initialisers.
3304                 if ($line =~ /^\+.*\bstatic\s.*=\s*(0|NULL|false)\s*;/) {
3305                         if (ERROR("INITIALISED_STATIC",
3306                                   "do not initialise statics to 0 or NULL\n" .
3307                                       $herecurr) &&
3308                             $fix) {
3309                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(\bstatic\s.*?)\s*=\s*(0|NULL|false)\s*;/$1;/;
3310                         }
3311                 }
3312
3313 # check for misordered declarations of char/short/int/long with signed/unsigned
3314                 while ($sline =~ m{(\b$TypeMisordered\b)}g) {
3315                         my $tmp = trim($1);
3316                         WARN("MISORDERED_TYPE",
3317                              "type '$tmp' should be specified in [[un]signed] [short|int|long|long long] order\n" . $herecurr);
3318                 }
3319
3320 # check for static const char * arrays.
3321                 if ($line =~ /\bstatic\s+const\s+char\s*\*\s*(\w+)\s*\[\s*\]\s*=\s*/) {
3322                         WARN("STATIC_CONST_CHAR_ARRAY",
3323                              "static const char * array should probably be static const char * const\n" .
3324                                 $herecurr);
3325                }
3326
3327 # check for static char foo[] = "bar" declarations.
3328                 if ($line =~ /\bstatic\s+char\s+(\w+)\s*\[\s*\]\s*=\s*"/) {
3329                         WARN("STATIC_CONST_CHAR_ARRAY",
3330                              "static char array declaration should probably be static const char\n" .
3331                                 $herecurr);
3332                }
3333
3334 # check for const <foo> const where <foo> is not a pointer or array type
3335                 if ($sline =~ /\bconst\s+($BasicType)\s+const\b/) {
3336                         my $found = $1;
3337                         if ($sline =~ /\bconst\s+\Q$found\E\s+const\b\s*\*/) {
3338                                 WARN("CONST_CONST",
3339                                      "'const $found const *' should probably be 'const $found * const'\n" . $herecurr);
3340                         } elsif ($sline !~ /\bconst\s+\Q$found\E\s+const\s+\w+\s*\[/) {
3341                                 WARN("CONST_CONST",
3342                                      "'const $found const' should probably be 'const $found'\n" . $herecurr);
3343                         }
3344                 }
3345
3346 # check for non-global char *foo[] = {"bar", ...} declarations.
3347                 if ($line =~ /^.\s+(?:static\s+|const\s+)?char\s+\*\s*\w+\s*\[\s*\]\s*=\s*\{/) {
3348                         WARN("STATIC_CONST_CHAR_ARRAY",
3349                              "char * array declaration might be better as static const\n" .
3350                                 $herecurr);
3351                }
3352
3353 # check for sizeof(foo)/sizeof(foo[0]) that could be ARRAY_SIZE(foo)
3354                 if ($line =~ m@\bsizeof\s*\(\s*($Lval)\s*\)@) {
3355                         my $array = $1;
3356                         if ($line =~ m@\b(sizeof\s*\(\s*\Q$array\E\s*\)\s*/\s*sizeof\s*\(\s*\Q$array\E\s*\[\s*0\s*\]\s*\))@) {
3357                                 my $array_div = $1;
3358                                 if (WARN("ARRAY_SIZE",
3359                                          "Prefer ARRAY_SIZE($array)\n" . $herecurr) &&
3360                                     $fix) {
3361                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\Q$array_div\E/ARRAY_SIZE($array)/;
3362                                 }
3363                         }
3364                 }
3365
3366 # check for function declarations without arguments like "int foo()"
3367                 if ($line =~ /(\b$Type\s+$Ident)\s*\(\s*\)/) {
3368                         if (ERROR("FUNCTION_WITHOUT_ARGS",
3369                                   "Bad function definition - $1() should probably be $1(void)\n" . $herecurr) &&
3370                             $fix) {
3371                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(\b($Type)\s+($Ident))\s*\(\s*\)/$2 $3(void)/;
3372                         }
3373                 }
3374
3375 # check for uses of DEFINE_PCI_DEVICE_TABLE
3376                 if ($line =~ /\bDEFINE_PCI_DEVICE_TABLE\s*\(\s*(\w+)\s*\)\s*=/) {
3377                         if (WARN("DEFINE_PCI_DEVICE_TABLE",
3378                                  "Prefer struct pci_device_id over deprecated DEFINE_PCI_DEVICE_TABLE\n" . $herecurr) &&
3379                             $fix) {
3380                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b(?:static\s+|)DEFINE_PCI_DEVICE_TABLE\s*\(\s*(\w+)\s*\)\s*=\s*/static const struct pci_device_id $1\[\] = /;
3381                         }
3382                 }
3383
3384 # check for new typedefs, only function parameters and sparse annotations
3385 # make sense.
3386                 if ($line =~ /\btypedef\s/ &&
3387                     $line !~ /\btypedef\s+$Type\s*\(\s*\*?$Ident\s*\)\s*\(/ &&
3388                     $line !~ /\btypedef\s+$Type\s+$Ident\s*\(/ &&
3389                     $line !~ /\b$typeTypedefs\b/ &&
3390                     $line !~ /\b__bitwise(?:__|)\b/) {
3391                         WARN("NEW_TYPEDEFS",
3392                              "do not add new typedefs\n" . $herecurr);
3393                 }
3394
3395 # * goes on variable not on type
3396                 # (char*[ const])
3397                 while ($line =~ m{(\($NonptrType(\s*(?:$Modifier\b\s*|\*\s*)+)\))}g) {
3398                         #print "AA<$1>\n";
3399                         my ($ident, $from, $to) = ($1, $2, $2);
3400
3401                         # Should start with a space.
3402                         $to =~ s/^(\S)/ $1/;
3403                         # Should not end with a space.
3404                         $to =~ s/\s+$//;
3405                         # '*'s should not have spaces between.
3406                         while ($to =~ s/\*\s+\*/\*\*/) {
3407                         }
3408
3409 ##                      print "1: from<$from> to<$to> ident<$ident>\n";
3410                         if ($from ne $to) {
3411                                 if (ERROR("POINTER_LOCATION",
3412                                           "\"(foo$from)\" should be \"(foo$to)\"\n" .  $herecurr) &&
3413                                     $fix) {
3414                                         my $sub_from = $ident;
3415                                         my $sub_to = $ident;
3416                                         $sub_to =~ s/\Q$from\E/$to/;
3417                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
3418                                             s@\Q$sub_from\E@$sub_to@;
3419                                 }
3420                         }
3421                 }
3422                 while ($line =~ m{(\b$NonptrType(\s*(?:$Modifier\b\s*|\*\s*)+)($Ident))}g) {
3423                         #print "BB<$1>\n";
3424                         my ($match, $from, $to, $ident) = ($1, $2, $2, $3);
3425
3426                         # Should start with a space.
3427                         $to =~ s/^(\S)/ $1/;
3428                         # Should not end with a space.
3429                         $to =~ s/\s+$//;
3430                         # '*'s should not have spaces between.
3431                         while ($to =~ s/\*\s+\*/\*\*/) {
3432                         }
3433                         # Modifiers should have spaces.
3434                         $to =~ s/(\b$Modifier$)/$1 /;
3435
3436 ##                      print "2: from<$from> to<$to> ident<$ident>\n";
3437                         if ($from ne $to && $ident !~ /^$Modifier$/) {
3438                                 if (ERROR("POINTER_LOCATION",
3439                                           "\"foo${from}bar\" should be \"foo${to}bar\"\n" .  $herecurr) &&
3440                                     $fix) {
3441
3442                                         my $sub_from = $match;
3443                                         my $sub_to = $match;
3444                                         $sub_to =~ s/\Q$from\E/$to/;
3445                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
3446                                             s@\Q$sub_from\E@$sub_to@;
3447                                 }
3448                         }
3449                 }
3450
3451 # # no BUG() or BUG_ON()
3452 #               if ($line =~ /\b(BUG|BUG_ON)\b/) {
3453 #                       print "Try to use WARN_ON & Recovery code rather than BUG() or BUG_ON()\n";
3454 #                       print "$herecurr";
3455 #                       $clean = 0;
3456 #               }
3457
3458                 if ($line =~ /\bLINUX_VERSION_CODE\b/) {
3459                         WARN("LINUX_VERSION_CODE",
3460                              "LINUX_VERSION_CODE should be avoided, code should be for the version to which it is merged\n" . $herecurr);
3461                 }
3462
3463 # check for uses of printk_ratelimit
3464                 if ($line =~ /\bprintk_ratelimit\s*\(/) {
3465                         WARN("PRINTK_RATELIMITED",
3466                              "Prefer printk_ratelimited or pr_<level>_ratelimited to printk_ratelimit\n" . $herecurr);
3467                 }
3468
3469 # printk should use KERN_* levels.  Note that follow on printk's on the
3470 # same line do not need a level, so we use the current block context
3471 # to try and find and validate the current printk.  In summary the current
3472 # printk includes all preceding printk's which have no newline on the end.
3473 # we assume the first bad printk is the one to report.
3474                 if ($line =~ /\bprintk\((?!KERN_)\s*"/) {
3475                         my $ok = 0;
3476                         for (my $ln = $linenr - 1; $ln >= $first_line; $ln--) {
3477                                 #print "CHECK<$lines[$ln - 1]\n";
3478                                 # we have a preceding printk if it ends
3479                                 # with "\n" ignore it, else it is to blame
3480                                 if ($lines[$ln - 1] =~ m{\bprintk\(}) {
3481                                         if ($rawlines[$ln - 1] !~ m{\\n"}) {
3482                                                 $ok = 1;
3483                                         }
3484                                         last;
3485                                 }
3486                         }
3487                         if ($ok == 0) {
3488                                 WARN("PRINTK_WITHOUT_KERN_LEVEL",
3489                                      "printk() should include KERN_ facility level\n" . $herecurr);
3490                         }
3491                 }
3492
3493                 if ($line =~ /\bprintk\s*\(\s*KERN_([A-Z]+)/) {
3494                         my $orig = $1;
3495                         my $level = lc($orig);
3496                         $level = "warn" if ($level eq "warning");
3497                         my $level2 = $level;
3498                         $level2 = "dbg" if ($level eq "debug");
3499                         WARN("PREFER_PR_LEVEL",
3500                              "Prefer [subsystem eg: netdev]_$level2([subsystem]dev, ... then dev_$level2(dev, ... then pr_$level(...  to printk(KERN_$orig ...\n" . $herecurr);
3501                 }
3502
3503                 if ($line =~ /\bpr_warning\s*\(/) {
3504                         if (WARN("PREFER_PR_LEVEL",
3505                                  "Prefer pr_warn(... to pr_warning(...\n" . $herecurr) &&
3506                             $fix) {
3507                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
3508                                     s/\bpr_warning\b/pr_warn/;
3509                         }
3510                 }
3511
3512                 if ($line =~ /\bdev_printk\s*\(\s*KERN_([A-Z]+)/) {
3513                         my $orig = $1;
3514                         my $level = lc($orig);
3515                         $level = "warn" if ($level eq "warning");
3516                         $level = "dbg" if ($level eq "debug");
3517                         WARN("PREFER_DEV_LEVEL",
3518                              "Prefer dev_$level(... to dev_printk(KERN_$orig, ...\n" . $herecurr);
3519                 }
3520
3521 # ENOSYS means "bad syscall nr" and nothing else.  This will have a small
3522 # number of false positives, but assembly files are not checked, so at
3523 # least the arch entry code will not trigger this warning.
3524                 if ($line =~ /\bENOSYS\b/) {
3525                         WARN("ENOSYS",
3526                              "ENOSYS means 'invalid syscall nr' and nothing else\n" . $herecurr);
3527                 }
3528
3529 # function brace can't be on same line, except for #defines of do while,
3530 # or if closed on same line
3531                 if (($line=~/$Type\s*$Ident\(.*\).*\s*{/) and
3532                     !($line=~/\#\s*define.*do\s{/) and !($line=~/}/)) {
3533                         if (ERROR("OPEN_BRACE",
3534                                   "open brace '{' following function declarations go on the next line\n" . $herecurr) &&
3535                             $fix) {
3536                                 fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
3537                                 my $fixed_line = $rawline;
3538                                 $fixed_line =~ /(^..*$Type\s*$Ident\(.*\)\s*){(.*)$/;
3539                                 my $line1 = $1;
3540                                 my $line2 = $2;
3541                                 fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, ltrim($line1));
3542                                 fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, "\+{");
3543                                 if ($line2 !~ /^\s*$/) {
3544                                         fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, "\+\t" . trim($line2));
3545                                 }
3546                         }
3547                 }
3548
3549 # open braces for enum, union and struct go on the same line.
3550                 if ($line =~ /^.\s*{/ &&
3551                     $prevline =~ /^.\s*(?:typedef\s+)?(enum|union|struct)(?:\s+$Ident)?\s*$/) {
3552                         if (ERROR("OPEN_BRACE",
3553                                   "open brace '{' following $1 go on the same line\n" . $hereprev) &&
3554                             $fix && $prevline =~ /^\+/ && $line =~ /^\+/) {
3555                                 fix_delete_line($fixlinenr - 1, $prevrawline);
3556                                 fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
3557                                 my $fixedline = rtrim($prevrawline) . " {";
3558                                 fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, $fixedline);
3559                                 $fixedline = $rawline;
3560                                 $fixedline =~ s/^(.\s*){\s*/$1\t/;
3561                                 if ($fixedline !~ /^\+\s*$/) {
3562                                         fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, $fixedline);
3563                                 }
3564                         }
3565                 }
3566
3567 # missing space after union, struct or enum definition
3568                 if ($line =~ /^.\s*(?:typedef\s+)?(enum|union|struct)(?:\s+$Ident){1,2}[=\{]/) {
3569                         if (WARN("SPACING",
3570                                  "missing space after $1 definition\n" . $herecurr) &&
3571                             $fix) {
3572                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
3573                                     s/^(.\s*(?:typedef\s+)?(?:enum|union|struct)(?:\s+$Ident){1,2})([=\{])/$1 $2/;
3574                         }
3575                 }
3576
3577 # Function pointer declarations
3578 # check spacing between type, funcptr, and args
3579 # canonical declaration is "type (*funcptr)(args...)"
3580                 if ($line =~ /^.\s*($Declare)\((\s*)\*(\s*)($Ident)(\s*)\)(\s*)\(/) {
3581                         my $declare = $1;
3582                         my $pre_pointer_space = $2;
3583                         my $post_pointer_space = $3;
3584                         my $funcname = $4;
3585                         my $post_funcname_space = $5;
3586                         my $pre_args_space = $6;
3587
3588 # the $Declare variable will capture all spaces after the type
3589 # so check it for a missing trailing missing space but pointer return types
3590 # don't need a space so don't warn for those.
3591                         my $post_declare_space = "";
3592                         if ($declare =~ /(\s+)$/) {
3593                                 $post_declare_space = $1;
3594                                 $declare = rtrim($declare);
3595                         }
3596                         if ($declare !~ /\*$/ && $post_declare_space =~ /^$/) {
3597                                 WARN("SPACING",
3598                                      "missing space after return type\n" . $herecurr);
3599                                 $post_declare_space = " ";
3600                         }
3601
3602 # unnecessary space "type  (*funcptr)(args...)"
3603 # This test is not currently implemented because these declarations are
3604 # equivalent to
3605 #       int  foo(int bar, ...)
3606 # and this is form shouldn't/doesn't generate a checkpatch warning.
3607 #
3608 #                       elsif ($declare =~ /\s{2,}$/) {
3609 #                               WARN("SPACING",
3610 #                                    "Multiple spaces after return type\n" . $herecurr);
3611 #                       }
3612
3613 # unnecessary space "type ( *funcptr)(args...)"
3614                         if (defined $pre_pointer_space &&
3615                             $pre_pointer_space =~ /^\s/) {
3616                                 WARN("SPACING",
3617                                      "Unnecessary space after function pointer open parenthesis\n" . $herecurr);
3618                         }
3619
3620 # unnecessary space "type (* funcptr)(args...)"
3621                         if (defined $post_pointer_space &&
3622                             $post_pointer_space =~ /^\s/) {
3623                                 WARN("SPACING",
3624                                      "Unnecessary space before function pointer name\n" . $herecurr);
3625                         }
3626
3627 # unnecessary space "type (*funcptr )(args...)"
3628                         if (defined $post_funcname_space &&
3629                             $post_funcname_space =~ /^\s/) {
3630                                 WARN("SPACING",
3631                                      "Unnecessary space after function pointer name\n" . $herecurr);
3632                         }
3633
3634 # unnecessary space "type (*funcptr) (args...)"
3635                         if (defined $pre_args_space &&
3636                             $pre_args_space =~ /^\s/) {
3637                                 WARN("SPACING",
3638                                      "Unnecessary space before function pointer arguments\n" . $herecurr);
3639                         }
3640
3641                         if (show_type("SPACING") && $fix) {
3642                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
3643                                     s/^(.\s*)$Declare\s*\(\s*\*\s*$Ident\s*\)\s*\(/$1 . $declare . $post_declare_space . '(*' . $funcname . ')('/ex;
3644                         }
3645                 }
3646
3647 # check for spacing round square brackets; allowed:
3648 #  1. with a type on the left -- int [] a;
3649 #  2. at the beginning of a line for slice initialisers -- [0...10] = 5,
3650 #  3. inside a curly brace -- = { [0...10] = 5 }
3651                 while ($line =~ /(.*?\s)\[/g) {
3652                         my ($where, $prefix) = ($-[1], $1);
3653                         if ($prefix !~ /$Type\s+$/ &&
3654                             ($where != 0 || $prefix !~ /^.\s+$/) &&
3655                             $prefix !~ /[{,]\s+$/) {
3656                                 if (ERROR("BRACKET_SPACE",
3657                                           "space prohibited before open square bracket '['\n" . $herecurr) &&
3658                                     $fix) {
3659                                     $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
3660                                         s/^(\+.*?)\s+\[/$1\[/;
3661                                 }
3662                         }
3663                 }
3664
3665 # check for spaces between functions and their parentheses.
3666                 while ($line =~ /($Ident)\s+\(/g) {
3667                         my $name = $1;
3668                         my $ctx_before = substr($line, 0, $-[1]);
3669                         my $ctx = "$ctx_before$name";
3670
3671                         # Ignore those directives where spaces _are_ permitted.
3672                         if ($name =~ /^(?:
3673                                 if|for|while|switch|return|case|
3674                                 volatile|__volatile__|
3675                                 __attribute__|format|__extension__|
3676                                 asm|__asm__)$/x)
3677                         {
3678                         # cpp #define statements have non-optional spaces, ie
3679                         # if there is a space between the name and the open
3680                         # parenthesis it is simply not a parameter group.
3681                         } elsif ($ctx_before =~ /^.\s*\#\s*define\s*$/) {
3682
3683                         # cpp #elif statement condition may start with a (
3684                         } elsif ($ctx =~ /^.\s*\#\s*elif\s*$/) {
3685
3686                         # If this whole things ends with a type its most
3687                         # likely a typedef for a function.
3688                         } elsif ($ctx =~ /$Type$/) {
3689
3690                         } else {
3691                                 if (WARN("SPACING",
3692                                          "space prohibited between function name and open parenthesis '('\n" . $herecurr) &&
3693                                              $fix) {
3694                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
3695                                             s/\b$name\s+\(/$name\(/;
3696                                 }
3697                         }
3698                 }
3699
3700 # Check operator spacing.
3701                 if (!($line=~/\#\s*include/)) {
3702                         my $fixed_line = "";
3703                         my $line_fixed = 0;
3704
3705                         my $ops = qr{
3706                                 <<=|>>=|<=|>=|==|!=|
3707                                 \+=|-=|\*=|\/=|%=|\^=|\|=|&=|
3708                                 =>|->|<<|>>|<|>|=|!|~|
3709                                 &&|\|\||,|\^|\+\+|--|&|\||\+|-|\*|\/|%|
3710                                 \?:|\?|:
3711                         }x;
3712                         my @elements = split(/($ops|;)/, $opline);
3713
3714 ##                      print("element count: <" . $#elements . ">\n");
3715 ##                      foreach my $el (@elements) {
3716 ##                              print("el: <$el>\n");
3717 ##                      }
3718
3719                         my @fix_elements = ();
3720                         my $off = 0;
3721
3722                         foreach my $el (@elements) {
3723                                 push(@fix_elements, substr($rawline, $off, length($el)));
3724                                 $off += length($el);
3725                         }
3726
3727                         $off = 0;
3728
3729                         my $blank = copy_spacing($opline);
3730                         my $last_after = -1;
3731
3732                         for (my $n = 0; $n < $#elements; $n += 2) {
3733
3734                                 my $good = $fix_elements[$n] . $fix_elements[$n + 1];
3735
3736 ##                              print("n: <$n> good: <$good>\n");
3737
3738                                 $off += length($elements[$n]);
3739
3740                                 # Pick up the preceding and succeeding characters.
3741                                 my $ca = substr($opline, 0, $off);
3742                                 my $cc = '';
3743                                 if (length($opline) >= ($off + length($elements[$n + 1]))) {
3744                                         $cc = substr($opline, $off + length($elements[$n + 1]));
3745                                 }
3746                                 my $cb = "$ca$;$cc";
3747
3748                                 my $a = '';
3749                                 $a = 'V' if ($elements[$n] ne '');
3750                                 $a = 'W' if ($elements[$n] =~ /\s$/);
3751                                 $a = 'C' if ($elements[$n] =~ /$;$/);
3752                                 $a = 'B' if ($elements[$n] =~ /(\[|\()$/);
3753                                 $a = 'O' if ($elements[$n] eq '');
3754                                 $a = 'E' if ($ca =~ /^\s*$/);
3755
3756                                 my $op = $elements[$n + 1];
3757
3758                                 my $c = '';
3759                                 if (defined $elements[$n + 2]) {
3760                                         $c = 'V' if ($elements[$n + 2] ne '');
3761                                         $c = 'W' if ($elements[$n + 2] =~ /^\s/);
3762                                         $c = 'C' if ($elements[$n + 2] =~ /^$;/);
3763                                         $c = 'B' if ($elements[$n + 2] =~ /^(\)|\]|;)/);
3764                                         $c = 'O' if ($elements[$n + 2] eq '');
3765                                         $c = 'E' if ($elements[$n + 2] =~ /^\s*\\$/);
3766                                 } else {
3767                                         $c = 'E';
3768                                 }
3769
3770                                 my $ctx = "${a}x${c}";
3771
3772                                 my $at = "(ctx:$ctx)";
3773
3774                                 my $ptr = substr($blank, 0, $off) . "^";
3775                                 my $hereptr = "$hereline$ptr\n";
3776
3777                                 # Pull out the value of this operator.
3778                                 my $op_type = substr($curr_values, $off + 1, 1);
3779
3780                                 # Get the full operator variant.
3781                                 my $opv = $op . substr($curr_vars, $off, 1);
3782
3783                                 # Ignore operators passed as parameters.
3784                                 if ($op_type ne 'V' &&
3785                                     $ca =~ /\s$/ && $cc =~ /^\s*[,\)]/) {
3786
3787 #                               # Ignore comments
3788 #                               } elsif ($op =~ /^$;+$/) {
3789
3790                                 # ; should have either the end of line or a space or \ after it
3791                                 } elsif ($op eq ';') {
3792                                         if ($ctx !~ /.x[WEBC]/ &&
3793                                             $cc !~ /^\\/ && $cc !~ /^;/) {
3794                                                 if (ERROR("SPACING",
3795                                                           "space required after that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
3796                                                         $good = $fix_elements[$n] . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]) . " ";
3797                                                         $line_fixed = 1;
3798                                                 }
3799                                         }
3800
3801                                 # // is a comment
3802                                 } elsif ($op eq '//') {
3803
3804                                 #   :   when part of a bitfield
3805                                 } elsif ($opv eq ':B') {
3806                                         # skip the bitfield test for now
3807
3808                                 # No spaces for:
3809                                 #   ->
3810                                 } elsif ($op eq '->') {
3811                                         if ($ctx =~ /Wx.|.xW/) {
3812                                                 if (ERROR("SPACING",
3813                                                           "spaces prohibited around that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
3814                                                         $good = rtrim($fix_elements[$n]) . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
3815                                                         if (defined $fix_elements[$n + 2]) {
3816                                                                 $fix_elements[$n + 2] =~ s/^\s+//;
3817                                                         }
3818                                                         $line_fixed = 1;
3819                                                 }
3820                                         }
3821
3822                                 # , must not have a space before and must have a space on the right.
3823                                 } elsif ($op eq ',') {
3824                                         my $rtrim_before = 0;
3825                                         my $space_after = 0;
3826                                         if ($ctx =~ /Wx./) {
3827                                                 if (ERROR("SPACING",
3828                                                           "space prohibited before that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
3829                                                         $line_fixed = 1;
3830                                                         $rtrim_before = 1;
3831                                                 }
3832                                         }
3833                                         if ($ctx !~ /.x[WEC]/ && $cc !~ /^}/) {
3834                                                 if (ERROR("SPACING",
3835                                                           "space required after that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
3836                                                         $line_fixed = 1;
3837                                                         $last_after = $n;
3838                                                         $space_after = 1;
3839                                                 }
3840                                         }
3841                                         if ($rtrim_before || $space_after) {
3842                                                 if ($rtrim_before) {
3843                                                         $good = rtrim($fix_elements[$n]) . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
3844                                                 } else {
3845                                                         $good = $fix_elements[$n] . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
3846                                                 }
3847                                                 if ($space_after) {
3848                                                         $good .= " ";
3849                                                 }
3850                                         }
3851
3852                                 # '*' as part of a type definition -- reported already.
3853                                 } elsif ($opv eq '*_') {
3854                                         #warn "'*' is part of type\n";
3855
3856                                 # unary operators should have a space before and
3857                                 # none after.  May be left adjacent to another
3858                                 # unary operator, or a cast
3859                                 } elsif ($op eq '!' || $op eq '~' ||
3860                                          $opv eq '*U' || $opv eq '-U' ||
3861                                          $opv eq '&U' || $opv eq '&&U') {
3862                                         if ($ctx !~ /[WEBC]x./ && $ca !~ /(?:\)|!|~|\*|-|\&|\||\+\+|\-\-|\{)$/) {
3863                                                 if (ERROR("SPACING",
3864                                                           "space required before that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
3865                                                         if ($n != $last_after + 2) {
3866                                                                 $good = $fix_elements[$n] . " " . ltrim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
3867                                                                 $line_fixed = 1;
3868                                                         }
3869                                                 }
3870                                         }
3871                                         if ($op eq '*' && $cc =~/\s*$Modifier\b/) {
3872                                                 # A unary '*' may be const
3873
3874                                         } elsif ($ctx =~ /.xW/) {
3875                                                 if (ERROR("SPACING",
3876                                                           "space prohibited after that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
3877                                                         $good = $fix_elements[$n] . rtrim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
3878                                                         if (defined $fix_elements[$n + 2]) {
3879                                                                 $fix_elements[$n + 2] =~ s/^\s+//;
3880                                                         }
3881                                                         $line_fixed = 1;
3882                                                 }
3883                                         }
3884
3885                                 # unary ++ and unary -- are allowed no space on one side.
3886                                 } elsif ($op eq '++' or $op eq '--') {
3887                                         if ($ctx !~ /[WEOBC]x[^W]/ && $ctx !~ /[^W]x[WOBEC]/) {
3888                                                 if (ERROR("SPACING",
3889                                                           "space required one side of that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
3890                                                         $good = $fix_elements[$n] . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]) . " ";
3891                                                         $line_fixed = 1;
3892                                                 }
3893                                         }
3894                                         if ($ctx =~ /Wx[BE]/ ||
3895                                             ($ctx =~ /Wx./ && $cc =~ /^;/)) {
3896                                                 if (ERROR("SPACING",
3897                                                           "space prohibited before that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
3898                                                         $good = rtrim($fix_elements[$n]) . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
3899                                                         $line_fixed = 1;
3900                                                 }
3901                                         }
3902                                         if ($ctx =~ /ExW/) {
3903                                                 if (ERROR("SPACING",
3904                                                           "space prohibited after that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
3905                                                         $good = $fix_elements[$n] . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
3906                                                         if (defined $fix_elements[$n + 2]) {
3907                                                                 $fix_elements[$n + 2] =~ s/^\s+//;
3908                                                         }
3909                                                         $line_fixed = 1;
3910                                                 }
3911                                         }
3912
3913                                 # << and >> may either have or not have spaces both sides
3914                                 } elsif ($op eq '<<' or $op eq '>>' or
3915                                          $op eq '&' or $op eq '^' or $op eq '|' or
3916                                          $op eq '+' or $op eq '-' or
3917                                          $op eq '*' or $op eq '/' or
3918                                          $op eq '%')
3919                                 {
3920                                         if ($check) {
3921                                                 if (defined $fix_elements[$n + 2] && $ctx !~ /[EW]x[EW]/) {
3922                                                         if (CHK("SPACING",
3923                                                                 "spaces preferred around that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
3924                                                                 $good = rtrim($fix_elements[$n]) . " " . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]) . " ";
3925                                                                 $fix_elements[$n + 2] =~ s/^\s+//;
3926                                                                 $line_fixed = 1;
3927                                                         }
3928                                                 } elsif (!defined $fix_elements[$n + 2] && $ctx !~ /Wx[OE]/) {
3929                                                         if (CHK("SPACING",
3930                                                                 "space preferred before that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
3931                                                                 $good = rtrim($fix_elements[$n]) . " " . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
3932                                                                 $line_fixed = 1;
3933                                                         }
3934                                                 }
3935                                         } elsif ($ctx =~ /Wx[^WCE]|[^WCE]xW/) {
3936                                                 if (ERROR("SPACING",
3937                                                           "need consistent spacing around '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
3938                                                         $good = rtrim($fix_elements[$n]) . " " . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]) . " ";
3939                                                         if (defined $fix_elements[$n + 2]) {
3940                                                                 $fix_elements[$n + 2] =~ s/^\s+//;
3941                                                         }
3942                                                         $line_fixed = 1;
3943                                                 }
3944                                         }
3945
3946                                 # A colon needs no spaces before when it is
3947                                 # terminating a case value or a label.
3948                                 } elsif ($opv eq ':C' || $opv eq ':L') {
3949                                         if ($ctx =~ /Wx./) {
3950                                                 if (ERROR("SPACING",
3951                                                           "space prohibited before that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
3952                                                         $good = rtrim($fix_elements[$n]) . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
3953                                                         $line_fixed = 1;
3954                                                 }
3955                                         }
3956
3957                                 # All the others need spaces both sides.
3958                                 } elsif ($ctx !~ /[EWC]x[CWE]/) {
3959                                         my $ok = 0;
3960
3961                                         # Ignore email addresses <foo@bar>
3962                                         if (($op eq '<' &&
3963                                              $cc =~ /^\S+\@\S+>/) ||
3964                                             ($op eq '>' &&
3965                                              $ca =~ /<\S+\@\S+$/))
3966                                         {
3967                                                 $ok = 1;
3968                                         }
3969
3970                                         # for asm volatile statements
3971                                         # ignore a colon with another
3972                                         # colon immediately before or after
3973                                         if (($op eq ':') &&
3974                                             ($ca =~ /:$/ || $cc =~ /^:/)) {
3975                                                 $ok = 1;
3976                                         }
3977
3978                                         # messages are ERROR, but ?: are CHK
3979                                         if ($ok == 0) {
3980                                                 my $msg_type = \&ERROR;
3981                                                 $msg_type = \&CHK if (($op eq '?:' || $op eq '?' || $op eq ':') && $ctx =~ /VxV/);
3982
3983                                                 if (&{$msg_type}("SPACING",
3984                                                                  "spaces required around that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
3985                                                         $good = rtrim($fix_elements[$n]) . " " . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]) . " ";
3986                                                         if (defined $fix_elements[$n + 2]) {
3987                                                                 $fix_elements[$n + 2] =~ s/^\s+//;
3988                                                         }
3989                                                         $line_fixed = 1;
3990                                                 }
3991                                         }
3992                                 }
3993                                 $off += length($elements[$n + 1]);
3994
3995 ##                              print("n: <$n> GOOD: <$good>\n");
3996
3997                                 $fixed_line = $fixed_line . $good;
3998                         }
3999
4000                         if (($#elements % 2) == 0) {
4001                                 $fixed_line = $fixed_line . $fix_elements[$#elements];
4002                         }
4003
4004                         if ($fix && $line_fixed && $fixed_line ne $fixed[$fixlinenr]) {
4005                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] = $fixed_line;
4006                         }
4007
4008
4009                 }
4010
4011 # check for whitespace before a non-naked semicolon
4012                 if ($line =~ /^\+.*\S\s+;\s*$/) {
4013                         if (WARN("SPACING",
4014                                  "space prohibited before semicolon\n" . $herecurr) &&
4015                             $fix) {
4016                                 1 while $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
4017                                     s/^(\+.*\S)\s+;/$1;/;
4018                         }
4019                 }
4020
4021 # check for multiple assignments
4022                 if ($line =~ /^.\s*$Lval\s*=\s*$Lval\s*=(?!=)/) {
4023                         CHK("MULTIPLE_ASSIGNMENTS",
4024                             "multiple assignments should be avoided\n" . $herecurr);
4025                 }
4026
4027 ## # check for multiple declarations, allowing for a function declaration
4028 ## # continuation.
4029 ##              if ($line =~ /^.\s*$Type\s+$Ident(?:\s*=[^,{]*)?\s*,\s*$Ident.*/ &&
4030 ##                  $line !~ /^.\s*$Type\s+$Ident(?:\s*=[^,{]*)?\s*,\s*$Type\s*$Ident.*/) {
4031 ##
4032 ##                      # Remove any bracketed sections to ensure we do not
4033 ##                      # falsly report the parameters of functions.
4034 ##                      my $ln = $line;
4035 ##                      while ($ln =~ s/\([^\(\)]*\)//g) {
4036 ##                      }
4037 ##                      if ($ln =~ /,/) {
4038 ##                              WARN("MULTIPLE_DECLARATION",
4039 ##                                   "declaring multiple variables together should be avoided\n" . $herecurr);
4040 ##                      }
4041 ##              }
4042
4043 #need space before brace following if, while, etc
4044                 if (($line =~ /\(.*\){/ && $line !~ /\($Type\){/) ||
4045                     $line =~ /do{/) {
4046                         if (ERROR("SPACING",
4047                                   "space required before the open brace '{'\n" . $herecurr) &&
4048                             $fix) {
4049                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/^(\+.*(?:do|\))){/$1 {/;
4050                         }
4051                 }
4052
4053 ## # check for blank lines before declarations
4054 ##              if ($line =~ /^.\t+$Type\s+$Ident(?:\s*=.*)?;/ &&
4055 ##                  $prevrawline =~ /^.\s*$/) {
4056 ##                      WARN("SPACING",
4057 ##                           "No blank lines before declarations\n" . $hereprev);
4058 ##              }
4059 ##
4060
4061 # closing brace should have a space following it when it has anything
4062 # on the line
4063                 if ($line =~ /}(?!(?:,|;|\)))\S/) {
4064                         if (ERROR("SPACING",
4065                                   "space required after that close brace '}'\n" . $herecurr) &&
4066                             $fix) {
4067                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
4068                                     s/}((?!(?:,|;|\)))\S)/} $1/;
4069                         }
4070                 }
4071
4072 # check spacing on square brackets
4073                 if ($line =~ /\[\s/ && $line !~ /\[\s*$/) {
4074                         if (ERROR("SPACING",
4075                                   "space prohibited after that open square bracket '['\n" . $herecurr) &&
4076                             $fix) {
4077                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
4078                                     s/\[\s+/\[/;
4079                         }
4080                 }
4081                 if ($line =~ /\s\]/) {
4082                         if (ERROR("SPACING",
4083                                   "space prohibited before that close square bracket ']'\n" . $herecurr) &&
4084                             $fix) {
4085                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
4086                                     s/\s+\]/\]/;
4087                         }
4088                 }
4089
4090 # check spacing on parentheses
4091                 if ($line =~ /\(\s/ && $line !~ /\(\s*(?:\\)?$/ &&
4092                     $line !~ /for\s*\(\s+;/) {
4093                         if (ERROR("SPACING",
4094                                   "space prohibited after that open parenthesis '('\n" . $herecurr) &&
4095                             $fix) {
4096                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
4097                                     s/\(\s+/\(/;
4098                         }
4099                 }
4100                 if ($line =~ /(\s+)\)/ && $line !~ /^.\s*\)/ &&
4101                     $line !~ /for\s*\(.*;\s+\)/ &&
4102                     $line !~ /:\s+\)/) {
4103                         if (ERROR("SPACING",
4104                                   "space prohibited before that close parenthesis ')'\n" . $herecurr) &&
4105                             $fix) {
4106                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
4107                                     s/\s+\)/\)/;
4108                         }
4109                 }
4110
4111 # check unnecessary parentheses around addressof/dereference single $Lvals
4112 # ie: &(foo->bar) should be &foo->bar and *(foo->bar) should be *foo->bar
4113
4114                 while ($line =~ /(?:[^&]&\s*|\*)\(\s*($Ident\s*(?:$Member\s*)+)\s*\)/g) {
4115                         my $var = $1;
4116                         if (CHK("UNNECESSARY_PARENTHESES",
4117                                 "Unnecessary parentheses around $var\n" . $herecurr) &&
4118                             $fix) {
4119                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\(\s*\Q$var\E\s*\)/$var/;
4120                         }
4121                 }
4122
4123 # check for unnecessary parentheses around function pointer uses
4124 # ie: (foo->bar)(); should be foo->bar();
4125 # but not "if (foo->bar) (" to avoid some false positives
4126                 if ($line =~ /(\bif\s*|)(\(\s*$Ident\s*(?:$Member\s*)+\))[ \t]*\(/ && $1 !~ /^if/) {
4127                         my $var = $2;
4128                         if (CHK("UNNECESSARY_PARENTHESES",
4129                                 "Unnecessary parentheses around function pointer $var\n" . $herecurr) &&
4130                             $fix) {
4131                                 my $var2 = deparenthesize($var);
4132                                 $var2 =~ s/\s//g;
4133                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\Q$var\E/$var2/;
4134                         }
4135                 }
4136
4137 #goto labels aren't indented, allow a single space however
4138                 if ($line=~/^.\s+[A-Za-z\d_]+:(?![0-9]+)/ and
4139                    !($line=~/^. [A-Za-z\d_]+:/) and !($line=~/^.\s+default:/)) {
4140                         if (WARN("INDENTED_LABEL",
4141                                  "labels should not be indented\n" . $herecurr) &&
4142                             $fix) {
4143                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
4144                                     s/^(.)\s+/$1/;
4145                         }
4146                 }
4147
4148 # return is not a function
4149                 if (defined($stat) && $stat =~ /^.\s*return(\s*)\(/s) {
4150                         my $spacing = $1;
4151                         if ($^V && $^V ge 5.10.0 &&
4152                             $stat =~ /^.\s*return\s*($balanced_parens)\s*;\s*$/) {
4153                                 my $value = $1;
4154                                 $value = deparenthesize($value);
4155                                 if ($value =~ m/^\s*$FuncArg\s*(?:\?|$)/) {
4156                                         ERROR("RETURN_PARENTHESES",
4157                                               "return is not a function, parentheses are not required\n" . $herecurr);
4158                                 }
4159                         } elsif ($spacing !~ /\s+/) {
4160                                 ERROR("SPACING",
4161                                       "space required before the open parenthesis '('\n" . $herecurr);
4162                         }
4163                 }
4164
4165 # unnecessary return in a void function
4166 # at end-of-function, with the previous line a single leading tab, then return;
4167 # and the line before that not a goto label target like "out:"
4168                 if ($sline =~ /^[ \+]}\s*$/ &&
4169                     $prevline =~ /^\+\treturn\s*;\s*$/ &&
4170                     $linenr >= 3 &&
4171                     $lines[$linenr - 3] =~ /^[ +]/ &&
4172                     $lines[$linenr - 3] !~ /^[ +]\s*$Ident\s*:/) {
4173                         WARN("RETURN_VOID",
4174                              "void function return statements are not generally useful\n" . $hereprev);
4175                }
4176
4177 # if statements using unnecessary parentheses - ie: if ((foo == bar))
4178                 if ($^V && $^V ge 5.10.0 &&
4179                     $line =~ /\bif\s*((?:\(\s*){2,})/) {
4180                         my $openparens = $1;
4181                         my $count = $openparens =~ tr@\(@\(@;
4182                         my $msg = "";
4183                         if ($line =~ /\bif\s*(?:\(\s*){$count,$count}$LvalOrFunc\s*($Compare)\s*$LvalOrFunc(?:\s*\)){$count,$count}/) {
4184                                 my $comp = $4;  #Not $1 because of $LvalOrFunc
4185                                 $msg = " - maybe == should be = ?" if ($comp eq "==");
4186                                 WARN("UNNECESSARY_PARENTHESES",
4187                                      "Unnecessary parentheses$msg\n" . $herecurr);
4188                         }
4189                 }
4190
4191 # Return of what appears to be an errno should normally be negative
4192                 if ($sline =~ /\breturn(?:\s*\(+\s*|\s+)(E[A-Z]+)(?:\s*\)+\s*|\s*)[;:,]/) {
4193                         my $name = $1;
4194                         if ($name ne 'EOF' && $name ne 'ERROR') {
4195                                 WARN("USE_NEGATIVE_ERRNO",
4196                                      "return of an errno should typically be negative (ie: return -$1)\n" . $herecurr);
4197                         }
4198                 }
4199
4200 # Need a space before open parenthesis after if, while etc
4201                 if ($line =~ /\b(if|while|for|switch)\(/) {
4202                         if (ERROR("SPACING",
4203                                   "space required before the open parenthesis '('\n" . $herecurr) &&
4204                             $fix) {
4205                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
4206                                     s/\b(if|while|for|switch)\(/$1 \(/;
4207                         }
4208                 }
4209
4210 # Check for illegal assignment in if conditional -- and check for trailing
4211 # statements after the conditional.
4212                 if ($line =~ /do\s*(?!{)/) {
4213                         ($stat, $cond, $line_nr_next, $remain_next, $off_next) =
4214                                 ctx_statement_block($linenr, $realcnt, 0)
4215                                         if (!defined $stat);
4216                         my ($stat_next) = ctx_statement_block($line_nr_next,
4217                                                 $remain_next, $off_next);
4218                         $stat_next =~ s/\n./\n /g;
4219                         ##print "stat<$stat> stat_next<$stat_next>\n";
4220
4221                         if ($stat_next =~ /^\s*while\b/) {
4222                                 # If the statement carries leading newlines,
4223                                 # then count those as offsets.
4224                                 my ($whitespace) =
4225                                         ($stat_next =~ /^((?:\s*\n[+-])*\s*)/s);
4226                                 my $offset =
4227                                         statement_rawlines($whitespace) - 1;
4228
4229                                 $suppress_whiletrailers{$line_nr_next +
4230                                                                 $offset} = 1;
4231                         }
4232                 }
4233                 if (!defined $suppress_whiletrailers{$linenr} &&
4234                     defined($stat) && defined($cond) &&
4235                     $line =~ /\b(?:if|while|for)\s*\(/ && $line !~ /^.\s*#/) {
4236                         my ($s, $c) = ($stat, $cond);
4237
4238                         if ($c =~ /\bif\s*\(.*[^<>!=]=[^=].*/s) {
4239                                 ERROR("ASSIGN_IN_IF",
4240                                       "do not use assignment in if condition\n" . $herecurr);
4241                         }
4242
4243                         # Find out what is on the end of the line after the
4244                         # conditional.
4245                         substr($s, 0, length($c), '');
4246                         $s =~ s/\n.*//g;
4247                         $s =~ s/$;//g;  # Remove any comments
4248                         if (length($c) && $s !~ /^\s*{?\s*\\*\s*$/ &&
4249                             $c !~ /}\s*while\s*/)
4250                         {
4251                                 # Find out how long the conditional actually is.
4252                                 my @newlines = ($c =~ /\n/gs);
4253                                 my $cond_lines = 1 + $#newlines;
4254                                 my $stat_real = '';
4255
4256                                 $stat_real = raw_line($linenr, $cond_lines)
4257                                                         . "\n" if ($cond_lines);
4258                                 if (defined($stat_real) && $cond_lines > 1) {
4259                                         $stat_real = "[...]\n$stat_real";
4260                                 }
4261
4262                                 ERROR("TRAILING_STATEMENTS",
4263                                       "trailing statements should be on next line\n" . $herecurr . $stat_real);
4264                         }
4265                 }
4266
4267 # Check for bitwise tests written as boolean
4268                 if ($line =~ /
4269                         (?:
4270                                 (?:\[|\(|\&\&|\|\|)
4271                                 \s*0[xX][0-9]+\s*
4272                                 (?:\&\&|\|\|)
4273                         |
4274                                 (?:\&\&|\|\|)
4275                                 \s*0[xX][0-9]+\s*
4276                                 (?:\&\&|\|\||\)|\])
4277                         )/x)
4278                 {
4279                         WARN("HEXADECIMAL_BOOLEAN_TEST",
4280                              "boolean test with hexadecimal, perhaps just 1 \& or \|?\n" . $herecurr);
4281                 }
4282
4283 # if and else should not have general statements after it
4284                 if ($line =~ /^.\s*(?:}\s*)?else\b(.*)/) {
4285                         my $s = $1;
4286                         $s =~ s/$;//g;  # Remove any comments
4287                         if ($s !~ /^\s*(?:\sif|(?:{|)\s*\\?\s*$)/) {
4288                                 ERROR("TRAILING_STATEMENTS",
4289                                       "trailing statements should be on next line\n" . $herecurr);
4290                         }
4291                 }
4292 # if should not continue a brace
4293                 if ($line =~ /}\s*if\b/) {
4294                         ERROR("TRAILING_STATEMENTS",
4295                               "trailing statements should be on next line (or did you mean 'else if'?)\n" .
4296                                 $herecurr);
4297                 }
4298 # case and default should not have general statements after them
4299                 if ($line =~ /^.\s*(?:case\s*.*|default\s*):/g &&
4300                     $line !~ /\G(?:
4301                         (?:\s*$;*)(?:\s*{)?(?:\s*$;*)(?:\s*\\)?\s*$|
4302                         \s*return\s+
4303                     )/xg)
4304                 {
4305                         ERROR("TRAILING_STATEMENTS",
4306                               "trailing statements should be on next line\n" . $herecurr);
4307                 }
4308
4309                 # Check for }<nl>else {, these must be at the same
4310                 # indent level to be relevant to each other.
4311                 if ($prevline=~/}\s*$/ and $line=~/^.\s*else\s*/ &&
4312                     $previndent == $indent) {
4313                         if (ERROR("ELSE_AFTER_BRACE",
4314                                   "else should follow close brace '}'\n" . $hereprev) &&
4315                             $fix && $prevline =~ /^\+/ && $line =~ /^\+/) {
4316                                 fix_delete_line($fixlinenr - 1, $prevrawline);
4317                                 fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
4318                                 my $fixedline = $prevrawline;
4319                                 $fixedline =~ s/}\s*$//;
4320                                 if ($fixedline !~ /^\+\s*$/) {
4321                                         fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, $fixedline);
4322                                 }
4323                                 $fixedline = $rawline;
4324                                 $fixedline =~ s/^(.\s*)else/$1} else/;
4325                                 fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, $fixedline);
4326                         }
4327                 }
4328
4329                 if ($prevline=~/}\s*$/ and $line=~/^.\s*while\s*/ &&
4330                     $previndent == $indent) {
4331                         my ($s, $c) = ctx_statement_block($linenr, $realcnt, 0);
4332
4333                         # Find out what is on the end of the line after the
4334                         # conditional.
4335                         substr($s, 0, length($c), '');
4336                         $s =~ s/\n.*//g;
4337
4338                         if ($s =~ /^\s*;/) {
4339                                 if (ERROR("WHILE_AFTER_BRACE",
4340                                           "while should follow close brace '}'\n" . $hereprev) &&
4341                                     $fix && $prevline =~ /^\+/ && $line =~ /^\+/) {
4342                                         fix_delete_line($fixlinenr - 1, $prevrawline);
4343                                         fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
4344                                         my $fixedline = $prevrawline;
4345                                         my $trailing = $rawline;
4346                                         $trailing =~ s/^\+//;
4347                                         $trailing = trim($trailing);
4348                                         $fixedline =~ s/}\s*$/} $trailing/;
4349                                         fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, $fixedline);
4350                                 }
4351                         }
4352                 }
4353
4354 #Specific variable tests
4355                 while ($line =~ m{($Constant|$Lval)}g) {
4356                         my $var = $1;
4357
4358 #gcc binary extension
4359                         if ($var =~ /^$Binary$/) {
4360                                 if (WARN("GCC_BINARY_CONSTANT",
4361                                          "Avoid gcc v4.3+ binary constant extension: <$var>\n" . $herecurr) &&
4362                                     $fix) {
4363                                         my $hexval = sprintf("0x%x", oct($var));
4364                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
4365                                             s/\b$var\b/$hexval/;
4366                                 }
4367                         }
4368
4369 #CamelCase
4370                         if ($var !~ /^$Constant$/ &&
4371                             $var =~ /[A-Z][a-z]|[a-z][A-Z]/ &&
4372 #Ignore Page<foo> variants
4373                             $var !~ /^(?:Clear|Set|TestClear|TestSet|)Page[A-Z]/ &&
4374 #Ignore SI style variants like nS, mV and dB (ie: max_uV, regulator_min_uA_show)
4375                             $var !~ /^(?:[a-z_]*?)_?[a-z][A-Z](?:_[a-z_]+)?$/ &&
4376 #Ignore some three character SI units explicitly, like MiB and KHz
4377                             $var !~ /^(?:[a-z_]*?)_?(?:[KMGT]iB|[KMGT]?Hz)(?:_[a-z_]+)?$/) {
4378                                 while ($var =~ m{($Ident)}g) {
4379                                         my $word = $1;
4380                                         next if ($word !~ /[A-Z][a-z]|[a-z][A-Z]/);
4381                                         if ($check) {
4382                                                 seed_camelcase_includes();
4383                                                 if (!$file && !$camelcase_file_seeded) {
4384                                                         seed_camelcase_file($realfile);
4385                                                         $camelcase_file_seeded = 1;
4386                                                 }
4387                                         }
4388                                         if (!defined $camelcase{$word}) {
4389                                                 $camelcase{$word} = 1;
4390                                                 CHK("CAMELCASE",
4391                                                     "Avoid CamelCase: <$word>\n" . $herecurr);
4392                                         }
4393                                 }
4394                         }
4395                 }
4396
4397 #no spaces allowed after \ in define
4398                 if ($line =~ /\#\s*define.*\\\s+$/) {
4399                         if (WARN("WHITESPACE_AFTER_LINE_CONTINUATION",
4400                                  "Whitespace after \\ makes next lines useless\n" . $herecurr) &&
4401                             $fix) {
4402                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\s+$//;
4403                         }
4404                 }
4405
4406 # warn if <asm/foo.h> is #included and <linux/foo.h> is available and includes
4407 # itself <asm/foo.h> (uses RAW line)
4408                 if ($tree && $rawline =~ m{^.\s*\#\s*include\s*\<asm\/(.*)\.h\>}) {
4409                         my $file = "$1.h";
4410                         my $checkfile = "include/linux/$file";
4411                         if (-f "$root/$checkfile" &&
4412                             $realfile ne $checkfile &&
4413                             $1 !~ /$allowed_asm_includes/)
4414                         {
4415                                 my $asminclude = `grep -Ec "#include\\s+<asm/$file>" $root/$checkfile`;
4416                                 if ($asminclude > 0) {
4417                                         if ($realfile =~ m{^arch/}) {
4418                                                 CHK("ARCH_INCLUDE_LINUX",
4419                                                     "Consider using #include <linux/$file> instead of <asm/$file>\n" . $herecurr);
4420                                         } else {
4421                                                 WARN("INCLUDE_LINUX",
4422                                                      "Use #include <linux/$file> instead of <asm/$file>\n" . $herecurr);
4423                                         }
4424                                 }
4425                         }
4426                 }
4427
4428 # multi-statement macros should be enclosed in a do while loop, grab the
4429 # first statement and ensure its the whole macro if its not enclosed
4430 # in a known good container
4431                 if ($realfile !~ m@/vmlinux.lds.h$@ &&
4432                     $line =~ /^.\s*\#\s*define\s*$Ident(\()?/) {
4433                         my $ln = $linenr;
4434                         my $cnt = $realcnt;
4435                         my ($off, $dstat, $dcond, $rest);
4436                         my $ctx = '';
4437                         my $has_flow_statement = 0;
4438                         my $has_arg_concat = 0;
4439                         ($dstat, $dcond, $ln, $cnt, $off) =
4440                                 ctx_statement_block($linenr, $realcnt, 0);
4441                         $ctx = $dstat;
4442                         #print "dstat<$dstat> dcond<$dcond> cnt<$cnt> off<$off>\n";
4443                         #print "LINE<$lines[$ln-1]> len<" . length($lines[$ln-1]) . "\n";
4444
4445                         $has_flow_statement = 1 if ($ctx =~ /\b(goto|return)\b/);
4446                         $has_arg_concat = 1 if ($ctx =~ /\#\#/);
4447
4448                         $dstat =~ s/^.\s*\#\s*define\s+$Ident(?:\([^\)]*\))?\s*//;
4449                         $dstat =~ s/$;//g;
4450                         $dstat =~ s/\\\n.//g;
4451                         $dstat =~ s/^\s*//s;
4452                         $dstat =~ s/\s*$//s;
4453
4454                         # Flatten any parentheses and braces
4455                         while ($dstat =~ s/\([^\(\)]*\)/1/ ||
4456                                $dstat =~ s/\{[^\{\}]*\}/1/ ||
4457                                $dstat =~ s/\[[^\[\]]*\]/1/)
4458                         {
4459                         }
4460
4461                         # Flatten any obvious string concatentation.
4462                         while ($dstat =~ s/($String)\s*$Ident/$1/ ||
4463                                $dstat =~ s/$Ident\s*($String)/$1/)
4464                         {
4465                         }
4466
4467                         my $exceptions = qr{
4468                                 $Declare|
4469                                 module_param_named|
4470                                 MODULE_PARM_DESC|
4471                                 DECLARE_PER_CPU|
4472                                 DEFINE_PER_CPU|
4473                                 __typeof__\(|
4474                                 union|
4475                                 struct|
4476                                 \.$Ident\s*=\s*|
4477                                 ^\"|\"$
4478                         }x;
4479                         #print "REST<$rest> dstat<$dstat> ctx<$ctx>\n";
4480                         if ($dstat ne '' &&
4481                             $dstat !~ /^(?:$Ident|-?$Constant),$/ &&                    # 10, // foo(),
4482                             $dstat !~ /^(?:$Ident|-?$Constant);$/ &&                    # foo();
4483                             $dstat !~ /^[!~-]?(?:$Lval|$Constant)$/ &&          # 10 // foo() // !foo // ~foo // -foo // foo->bar // foo.bar->baz
4484                             $dstat !~ /^'X'$/ && $dstat !~ /^'XX'$/ &&                  # character constants
4485                             $dstat !~ /$exceptions/ &&
4486                             $dstat !~ /^\.$Ident\s*=/ &&                                # .foo =
4487                             $dstat !~ /^(?:\#\s*$Ident|\#\s*$Constant)\s*$/ &&          # stringification #foo
4488                             $dstat !~ /^do\s*$Constant\s*while\s*$Constant;?$/ &&       # do {...} while (...); // do {...} while (...)
4489                             $dstat !~ /^for\s*$Constant$/ &&                            # for (...)
4490                             $dstat !~ /^for\s*$Constant\s+(?:$Ident|-?$Constant)$/ &&   # for (...) bar()
4491                             $dstat !~ /^do\s*{/ &&                                      # do {...
4492                             $dstat !~ /^\({/ &&                                         # ({...
4493                             $ctx !~ /^.\s*#\s*define\s+TRACE_(?:SYSTEM|INCLUDE_FILE|INCLUDE_PATH)\b/)
4494                         {
4495                                 $ctx =~ s/\n*$//;
4496                                 my $herectx = $here . "\n";
4497                                 my $cnt = statement_rawlines($ctx);
4498
4499                                 for (my $n = 0; $n < $cnt; $n++) {
4500                                         $herectx .= raw_line($linenr, $n) . "\n";
4501                                 }
4502
4503                                 if ($dstat =~ /;/) {
4504                                         ERROR("MULTISTATEMENT_MACRO_USE_DO_WHILE",
4505                                               "Macros with multiple statements should be enclosed in a do - while loop\n" . "$herectx");
4506                                 } else {
4507                                         ERROR("COMPLEX_MACRO",
4508                                               "Macros with complex values should be enclosed in parentheses\n" . "$herectx");
4509                                 }
4510                         }
4511
4512 # check for macros with flow control, but without ## concatenation
4513 # ## concatenation is commonly a macro that defines a function so ignore those
4514                         if ($has_flow_statement && !$has_arg_concat) {
4515                                 my $herectx = $here . "\n";
4516                                 my $cnt = statement_rawlines($ctx);
4517
4518                                 for (my $n = 0; $n < $cnt; $n++) {
4519                                         $herectx .= raw_line($linenr, $n) . "\n";
4520                                 }
4521                                 WARN("MACRO_WITH_FLOW_CONTROL",
4522                                      "Macros with flow control statements should be avoided\n" . "$herectx");
4523                         }
4524
4525 # check for line continuations outside of #defines, preprocessor #, and asm
4526
4527                 } else {
4528                         if ($prevline !~ /^..*\\$/ &&
4529                             $line !~ /^\+\s*\#.*\\$/ &&         # preprocessor
4530                             $line !~ /^\+.*\b(__asm__|asm)\b.*\\$/ &&   # asm
4531                             $line =~ /^\+.*\\$/) {
4532                                 WARN("LINE_CONTINUATIONS",
4533                                      "Avoid unnecessary line continuations\n" . $herecurr);
4534                         }
4535                 }
4536
4537 # do {} while (0) macro tests:
4538 # single-statement macros do not need to be enclosed in do while (0) loop,
4539 # macro should not end with a semicolon
4540                 if ($^V && $^V ge 5.10.0 &&
4541                     $realfile !~ m@/vmlinux.lds.h$@ &&
4542                     $line =~ /^.\s*\#\s*define\s+$Ident(\()?/) {
4543                         my $ln = $linenr;
4544                         my $cnt = $realcnt;
4545                         my ($off, $dstat, $dcond, $rest);
4546                         my $ctx = '';
4547                         ($dstat, $dcond, $ln, $cnt, $off) =
4548                                 ctx_statement_block($linenr, $realcnt, 0);
4549                         $ctx = $dstat;
4550
4551                         $dstat =~ s/\\\n.//g;
4552                         $dstat =~ s/$;/ /g;
4553
4554                         if ($dstat =~ /^\+\s*#\s*define\s+$Ident\s*${balanced_parens}\s*do\s*{(.*)\s*}\s*while\s*\(\s*0\s*\)\s*([;\s]*)\s*$/) {
4555                                 my $stmts = $2;
4556                                 my $semis = $3;
4557
4558                                 $ctx =~ s/\n*$//;
4559                                 my $cnt = statement_rawlines($ctx);
4560                                 my $herectx = $here . "\n";
4561
4562                                 for (my $n = 0; $n < $cnt; $n++) {
4563                                         $herectx .= raw_line($linenr, $n) . "\n";
4564                                 }
4565
4566                                 if (($stmts =~ tr/;/;/) == 1 &&
4567                                     $stmts !~ /^\s*(if|while|for|switch)\b/) {
4568                                         WARN("SINGLE_STATEMENT_DO_WHILE_MACRO",
4569                                              "Single statement macros should not use a do {} while (0) loop\n" . "$herectx");
4570                                 }
4571                                 if (defined $semis && $semis ne "") {
4572                                         WARN("DO_WHILE_MACRO_WITH_TRAILING_SEMICOLON",
4573                                              "do {} while (0) macros should not be semicolon terminated\n" . "$herectx");
4574                                 }
4575                         } elsif ($dstat =~ /^\+\s*#\s*define\s+$Ident.*;\s*$/) {
4576                                 $ctx =~ s/\n*$//;
4577                                 my $cnt = statement_rawlines($ctx);
4578                                 my $herectx = $here . "\n";
4579
4580                                 for (my $n = 0; $n < $cnt; $n++) {
4581                                         $herectx .= raw_line($linenr, $n) . "\n";
4582                                 }
4583
4584                                 WARN("TRAILING_SEMICOLON",
4585                                      "macros should not use a trailing semicolon\n" . "$herectx");
4586                         }
4587                 }
4588
4589 # make sure symbols are always wrapped with VMLINUX_SYMBOL() ...
4590 # all assignments may have only one of the following with an assignment:
4591 #       .
4592 #       ALIGN(...)
4593 #       VMLINUX_SYMBOL(...)
4594                 if ($realfile eq 'vmlinux.lds.h' && $line =~ /(?:(?:^|\s)$Ident\s*=|=\s*$Ident(?:\s|$))/) {
4595                         WARN("MISSING_VMLINUX_SYMBOL",
4596                              "vmlinux.lds.h needs VMLINUX_SYMBOL() around C-visible symbols\n" . $herecurr);
4597                 }
4598
4599 # check for redundant bracing round if etc
4600                 if ($line =~ /(^.*)\bif\b/ && $1 !~ /else\s*$/) {
4601                         my ($level, $endln, @chunks) =
4602                                 ctx_statement_full($linenr, $realcnt, 1);
4603                         #print "chunks<$#chunks> linenr<$linenr> endln<$endln> level<$level>\n";
4604                         #print "APW: <<$chunks[1][0]>><<$chunks[1][1]>>\n";
4605                         if ($#chunks > 0 && $level == 0) {
4606                                 my @allowed = ();
4607                                 my $allow = 0;
4608                                 my $seen = 0;
4609                                 my $herectx = $here . "\n";
4610                                 my $ln = $linenr - 1;
4611                                 for my $chunk (@chunks) {
4612                                         my ($cond, $block) = @{$chunk};
4613
4614                                         # If the condition carries leading newlines, then count those as offsets.
4615                                         my ($whitespace) = ($cond =~ /^((?:\s*\n[+-])*\s*)/s);
4616                                         my $offset = statement_rawlines($whitespace) - 1;
4617
4618                                         $allowed[$allow] = 0;
4619                                         #print "COND<$cond> whitespace<$whitespace> offset<$offset>\n";
4620
4621                                         # We have looked at and allowed this specific line.
4622                                         $suppress_ifbraces{$ln + $offset} = 1;
4623
4624                                         $herectx .= "$rawlines[$ln + $offset]\n[...]\n";
4625                                         $ln += statement_rawlines($block) - 1;
4626
4627                                         substr($block, 0, length($cond), '');
4628
4629                                         $seen++ if ($block =~ /^\s*{/);
4630
4631                                         #print "cond<$cond> block<$block> allowed<$allowed[$allow]>\n";
4632                                         if (statement_lines($cond) > 1) {
4633                                                 #print "APW: ALLOWED: cond<$cond>\n";
4634                                                 $allowed[$allow] = 1;
4635                                         }
4636                                         if ($block =~/\b(?:if|for|while)\b/) {
4637                                                 #print "APW: ALLOWED: block<$block>\n";
4638                                                 $allowed[$allow] = 1;
4639                                         }
4640                                         if (statement_block_size($block) > 1) {
4641                                                 #print "APW: ALLOWED: lines block<$block>\n";
4642                                                 $allowed[$allow] = 1;
4643                                         }
4644                                         $allow++;
4645                                 }
4646                                 if ($seen) {
4647                                         my $sum_allowed = 0;
4648                                         foreach (@allowed) {
4649                                                 $sum_allowed += $_;
4650                                         }
4651                                         if ($sum_allowed == 0) {
4652                                                 WARN("BRACES",
4653                                                      "braces {} are not necessary for any arm of this statement\n" . $herectx);
4654                                         } elsif ($sum_allowed != $allow &&
4655                                                  $seen != $allow) {
4656                                                 CHK("BRACES",
4657                                                     "braces {} should be used on all arms of this statement\n" . $herectx);
4658                                         }
4659                                 }
4660                         }
4661                 }
4662                 if (!defined $suppress_ifbraces{$linenr - 1} &&
4663                                         $line =~ /\b(if|while|for|else)\b/) {
4664                         my $allowed = 0;
4665
4666                         # Check the pre-context.
4667                         if (substr($line, 0, $-[0]) =~ /(\}\s*)$/) {
4668                                 #print "APW: ALLOWED: pre<$1>\n";
4669                                 $allowed = 1;
4670                         }
4671
4672                         my ($level, $endln, @chunks) =
4673                                 ctx_statement_full($linenr, $realcnt, $-[0]);
4674
4675                         # Check the condition.
4676                         my ($cond, $block) = @{$chunks[0]};
4677                         #print "CHECKING<$linenr> cond<$cond> block<$block>\n";
4678                         if (defined $cond) {
4679                                 substr($block, 0, length($cond), '');
4680                         }
4681                         if (statement_lines($cond) > 1) {
4682                                 #print "APW: ALLOWED: cond<$cond>\n";
4683                                 $allowed = 1;
4684                         }
4685                         if ($block =~/\b(?:if|for|while)\b/) {
4686                                 #print "APW: ALLOWED: block<$block>\n";
4687                                 $allowed = 1;
4688                         }
4689                         if (statement_block_size($block) > 1) {
4690                                 #print "APW: ALLOWED: lines block<$block>\n";
4691                                 $allowed = 1;
4692                         }
4693                         # Check the post-context.
4694                         if (defined $chunks[1]) {
4695                                 my ($cond, $block) = @{$chunks[1]};
4696                                 if (defined $cond) {
4697                                         substr($block, 0, length($cond), '');
4698                                 }
4699                                 if ($block =~ /^\s*\{/) {
4700                                         #print "APW: ALLOWED: chunk-1 block<$block>\n";
4701                                         $allowed = 1;
4702                                 }
4703                         }
4704                         if ($level == 0 && $block =~ /^\s*\{/ && !$allowed) {
4705                                 my $herectx = $here . "\n";
4706                                 my $cnt = statement_rawlines($block);
4707
4708                                 for (my $n = 0; $n < $cnt; $n++) {
4709                                         $herectx .= raw_line($linenr, $n) . "\n";
4710                                 }
4711
4712                                 WARN("BRACES",
4713                                      "braces {} are not necessary for single statement blocks\n" . $herectx);
4714                         }
4715                 }
4716
4717 # check for unnecessary blank lines around braces
4718                 if (($line =~ /^.\s*}\s*$/ && $prevrawline =~ /^.\s*$/)) {
4719                         if (CHK("BRACES",
4720                                 "Blank lines aren't necessary before a close brace '}'\n" . $hereprev) &&
4721                             $fix && $prevrawline =~ /^\+/) {
4722                                 fix_delete_line($fixlinenr - 1, $prevrawline);
4723                         }
4724                 }
4725                 if (($rawline =~ /^.\s*$/ && $prevline =~ /^..*{\s*$/)) {
4726                         if (CHK("BRACES",
4727                                 "Blank lines aren't necessary after an open brace '{'\n" . $hereprev) &&
4728                             $fix) {
4729                                 fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
4730                         }
4731                 }
4732
4733 # no volatiles please
4734                 my $asm_volatile = qr{\b(__asm__|asm)\s+(__volatile__|volatile)\b};
4735                 if ($line =~ /\bvolatile\b/ && $line !~ /$asm_volatile/) {
4736                         WARN("VOLATILE",
4737                              "Use of volatile is usually wrong: see Documentation/volatile-considered-harmful.txt\n" . $herecurr);
4738                 }
4739
4740 # Check for user-visible strings broken across lines, which breaks the ability
4741 # to grep for the string.  Make exceptions when the previous string ends in a
4742 # newline (multiple lines in one string constant) or '\t', '\r', ';', or '{'
4743 # (common in inline assembly) or is a octal \123 or hexadecimal \xaf value
4744                 if ($line =~ /^\+\s*$String/ &&
4745                     $prevline =~ /"\s*$/ &&
4746                     $prevrawline !~ /(?:\\(?:[ntr]|[0-7]{1,3}|x[0-9a-fA-F]{1,2})|;\s*|\{\s*)"\s*$/) {
4747                         if (WARN("SPLIT_STRING",
4748                                  "quoted string split across lines\n" . $hereprev) &&
4749                                      $fix &&
4750                                      $prevrawline =~ /^\+.*"\s*$/ &&
4751                                      $last_coalesced_string_linenr != $linenr - 1) {
4752                                 my $extracted_string = get_quoted_string($line, $rawline);
4753                                 my $comma_close = "";
4754                                 if ($rawline =~ /\Q$extracted_string\E(\s*\)\s*;\s*$|\s*,\s*)/) {
4755                                         $comma_close = $1;
4756                                 }
4757
4758                                 fix_delete_line($fixlinenr - 1, $prevrawline);
4759                                 fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
4760                                 my $fixedline = $prevrawline;
4761                                 $fixedline =~ s/"\s*$//;
4762                                 $fixedline .= substr($extracted_string, 1) . trim($comma_close);
4763                                 fix_insert_line($fixlinenr - 1, $fixedline);
4764                                 $fixedline = $rawline;
4765                                 $fixedline =~ s/\Q$extracted_string\E\Q$comma_close\E//;
4766                                 if ($fixedline !~ /\+\s*$/) {
4767                                         fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, $fixedline);
4768                                 }
4769                                 $last_coalesced_string_linenr = $linenr;
4770                         }
4771                 }
4772
4773 # check for missing a space in a string concatenation
4774                 if ($prevrawline =~ /[^\\]\w"$/ && $rawline =~ /^\+[\t ]+"\w/) {
4775                         WARN('MISSING_SPACE',
4776                              "break quoted strings at a space character\n" . $hereprev);
4777                 }
4778
4779 # check for spaces before a quoted newline
4780                 if ($rawline =~ /^.*\".*\s\\n/) {
4781                         if (WARN("QUOTED_WHITESPACE_BEFORE_NEWLINE",
4782                                  "unnecessary whitespace before a quoted newline\n" . $herecurr) &&
4783                             $fix) {
4784                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/^(\+.*\".*)\s+\\n/$1\\n/;
4785                         }
4786
4787                 }
4788
4789 # concatenated string without spaces between elements
4790                 if ($line =~ /$String[A-Z_]/ || $line =~ /[A-Za-z0-9_]$String/) {
4791                         CHK("CONCATENATED_STRING",
4792                             "Concatenated strings should use spaces between elements\n" . $herecurr);
4793                 }
4794
4795 # uncoalesced string fragments
4796                 if ($line =~ /$String\s*"/) {
4797                         WARN("STRING_FRAGMENTS",
4798                              "Consecutive strings are generally better as a single string\n" . $herecurr);
4799                 }
4800
4801 # check for %L{u,d,i} in strings
4802                 my $string;
4803                 while ($line =~ /(?:^|")([X\t]*)(?:"|$)/g) {
4804                         $string = substr($rawline, $-[1], $+[1] - $-[1]);
4805                         $string =~ s/%%/__/g;
4806                         if ($string =~ /(?<!%)%L[udi]/) {
4807                                 WARN("PRINTF_L",
4808                                      "\%Ld/%Lu are not-standard C, use %lld/%llu\n" . $herecurr);
4809                                 last;
4810                         }
4811                 }
4812
4813 # check for line continuations in quoted strings with odd counts of "
4814                 if ($rawline =~ /\\$/ && $rawline =~ tr/"/"/ % 2) {
4815                         WARN("LINE_CONTINUATIONS",
4816                              "Avoid line continuations in quoted strings\n" . $herecurr);
4817                 }
4818
4819 # warn about #if 0
4820                 if ($line =~ /^.\s*\#\s*if\s+0\b/) {
4821                         CHK("REDUNDANT_CODE",
4822                             "if this code is redundant consider removing it\n" .
4823                                 $herecurr);
4824                 }
4825
4826 # check for needless "if (<foo>) fn(<foo>)" uses
4827                 if ($prevline =~ /\bif\s*\(\s*($Lval)\s*\)/) {
4828                         my $expr = '\s*\(\s*' . quotemeta($1) . '\s*\)\s*;';
4829                         if ($line =~ /\b(kfree|usb_free_urb|debugfs_remove(?:_recursive)?)$expr/) {
4830                                 WARN('NEEDLESS_IF',
4831                                      "$1(NULL) is safe and this check is probably not required\n" . $hereprev);
4832                         }
4833                 }
4834
4835 # check for unnecessary "Out of Memory" messages
4836                 if ($line =~ /^\+.*\b$logFunctions\s*\(/ &&
4837                     $prevline =~ /^[ \+]\s*if\s*\(\s*(\!\s*|NULL\s*==\s*)?($Lval)(\s*==\s*NULL\s*)?\s*\)/ &&
4838                     (defined $1 || defined $3) &&
4839                     $linenr > 3) {
4840                         my $testval = $2;
4841                         my $testline = $lines[$linenr - 3];
4842
4843                         my ($s, $c) = ctx_statement_block($linenr - 3, $realcnt, 0);
4844 #                       print("line: <$line>\nprevline: <$prevline>\ns: <$s>\nc: <$c>\n\n\n");
4845
4846                         if ($c =~ /(?:^|\n)[ \+]\s*(?:$Type\s*)?\Q$testval\E\s*=\s*(?:\([^\)]*\)\s*)?\s*(?:devm_)?(?:[kv][czm]alloc(?:_node|_array)?\b|kstrdup|(?:dev_)?alloc_skb)/) {
4847                                 WARN("OOM_MESSAGE",
4848                                      "Possible unnecessary 'out of memory' message\n" . $hereprev);
4849                         }
4850                 }
4851
4852 # check for logging functions with KERN_<LEVEL>
4853                 if ($line !~ /printk(?:_ratelimited|_once)?\s*\(/ &&
4854                     $line =~ /\b$logFunctions\s*\(.*\b(KERN_[A-Z]+)\b/) {
4855                         my $level = $1;
4856                         if (WARN("UNNECESSARY_KERN_LEVEL",
4857                                  "Possible unnecessary $level\n" . $herecurr) &&
4858                             $fix) {
4859                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\s*$level\s*//;
4860                         }
4861                 }
4862
4863 # check for mask then right shift without a parentheses
4864                 if ($^V && $^V ge 5.10.0 &&
4865                     $line =~ /$LvalOrFunc\s*\&\s*($LvalOrFunc)\s*>>/ &&
4866                     $4 !~ /^\&/) { # $LvalOrFunc may be &foo, ignore if so
4867                         WARN("MASK_THEN_SHIFT",
4868                              "Possible precedence defect with mask then right shift - may need parentheses\n" . $herecurr);
4869                 }
4870
4871 # check for pointer comparisons to NULL
4872                 if ($^V && $^V ge 5.10.0) {
4873                         while ($line =~ /\b$LvalOrFunc\s*(==|\!=)\s*NULL\b/g) {
4874                                 my $val = $1;
4875                                 my $equal = "!";
4876                                 $equal = "" if ($4 eq "!=");
4877                                 if (CHK("COMPARISON_TO_NULL",
4878                                         "Comparison to NULL could be written \"${equal}${val}\"\n" . $herecurr) &&
4879                                             $fix) {
4880                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b\Q$val\E\s*(?:==|\!=)\s*NULL\b/$equal$val/;
4881                                 }
4882                         }
4883                 }
4884
4885 # check for bad placement of section $InitAttribute (e.g.: __initdata)
4886                 if ($line =~ /(\b$InitAttribute\b)/) {
4887                         my $attr = $1;
4888                         if ($line =~ /^\+\s*static\s+(?:const\s+)?(?:$attr\s+)?($NonptrTypeWithAttr)\s+(?:$attr\s+)?($Ident(?:\[[^]]*\])?)\s*[=;]/) {
4889                                 my $ptr = $1;
4890                                 my $var = $2;
4891                                 if ((($ptr =~ /\b(union|struct)\s+$attr\b/ &&
4892                                       ERROR("MISPLACED_INIT",
4893                                             "$attr should be placed after $var\n" . $herecurr)) ||
4894                                      ($ptr !~ /\b(union|struct)\s+$attr\b/ &&
4895                                       WARN("MISPLACED_INIT",
4896                                            "$attr should be placed after $var\n" . $herecurr))) &&
4897                                     $fix) {
4898                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(\bstatic\s+(?:const\s+)?)(?:$attr\s+)?($NonptrTypeWithAttr)\s+(?:$attr\s+)?($Ident(?:\[[^]]*\])?)\s*([=;])\s*/"$1" . trim(string_find_replace($2, "\\s*$attr\\s*", " ")) . " " . trim(string_find_replace($3, "\\s*$attr\\s*", "")) . " $attr" . ("$4" eq ";" ? ";" : " = ")/e;
4899                                 }
4900                         }
4901                 }
4902
4903 # check for $InitAttributeData (ie: __initdata) with const
4904                 if ($line =~ /\bconst\b/ && $line =~ /($InitAttributeData)/) {
4905                         my $attr = $1;
4906                         $attr =~ /($InitAttributePrefix)(.*)/;
4907                         my $attr_prefix = $1;
4908                         my $attr_type = $2;
4909                         if (ERROR("INIT_ATTRIBUTE",
4910                                   "Use of const init definition must use ${attr_prefix}initconst\n" . $herecurr) &&
4911                             $fix) {
4912                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
4913                                     s/$InitAttributeData/${attr_prefix}initconst/;
4914                         }
4915                 }
4916
4917 # check for $InitAttributeConst (ie: __initconst) without const
4918                 if ($line !~ /\bconst\b/ && $line =~ /($InitAttributeConst)/) {
4919                         my $attr = $1;
4920                         if (ERROR("INIT_ATTRIBUTE",
4921                                   "Use of $attr requires a separate use of const\n" . $herecurr) &&
4922                             $fix) {
4923                                 my $lead = $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
4924                                     /(^\+\s*(?:static\s+))/;
4925                                 $lead = rtrim($1);
4926                                 $lead = "$lead " if ($lead !~ /^\+$/);
4927                                 $lead = "${lead}const ";
4928                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(^\+\s*(?:static\s+))/$lead/;
4929                         }
4930                 }
4931
4932 # check for __read_mostly with const non-pointer (should just be const)
4933                 if ($line =~ /\b__read_mostly\b/ &&
4934                     $line =~ /($Type)\s*$Ident/ && $1 !~ /\*\s*$/ && $1 =~ /\bconst\b/) {
4935                         if (ERROR("CONST_READ_MOSTLY",
4936                                   "Invalid use of __read_mostly with const type\n" . $herecurr) &&
4937                             $fix) {
4938                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\s+__read_mostly\b//;
4939                         }
4940                 }
4941
4942 # don't use __constant_<foo> functions outside of include/uapi/
4943                 if ($realfile !~ m@^include/uapi/@ &&
4944                     $line =~ /(__constant_(?:htons|ntohs|[bl]e(?:16|32|64)_to_cpu|cpu_to_[bl]e(?:16|32|64)))\s*\(/) {
4945                         my $constant_func = $1;
4946                         my $func = $constant_func;
4947                         $func =~ s/^__constant_//;
4948                         if (WARN("CONSTANT_CONVERSION",
4949                                  "$constant_func should be $func\n" . $herecurr) &&
4950                             $fix) {
4951                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b$constant_func\b/$func/g;
4952                         }
4953                 }
4954
4955 # prefer usleep_range over udelay
4956                 if ($line =~ /\budelay\s*\(\s*(\d+)\s*\)/) {
4957                         my $delay = $1;
4958                         # ignore udelay's < 10, however
4959                         if (! ($delay < 10) ) {
4960                                 CHK("USLEEP_RANGE",
4961                                     "usleep_range is preferred over udelay; see Documentation/timers/timers-howto.txt\n" . $herecurr);
4962                         }
4963                         if ($delay > 2000) {
4964                                 WARN("LONG_UDELAY",
4965                                      "long udelay - prefer mdelay; see arch/arm/include/asm/delay.h\n" . $herecurr);
4966                         }
4967                 }
4968
4969 # warn about unexpectedly long msleep's
4970                 if ($line =~ /\bmsleep\s*\((\d+)\);/) {
4971                         if ($1 < 20) {
4972                                 WARN("MSLEEP",
4973                                      "msleep < 20ms can sleep for up to 20ms; see Documentation/timers/timers-howto.txt\n" . $herecurr);
4974                         }
4975                 }
4976
4977 # check for comparisons of jiffies
4978                 if ($line =~ /\bjiffies\s*$Compare|$Compare\s*jiffies\b/) {
4979                         WARN("JIFFIES_COMPARISON",
4980                              "Comparing jiffies is almost always wrong; prefer time_after, time_before and friends\n" . $herecurr);
4981                 }
4982
4983 # check for comparisons of get_jiffies_64()
4984                 if ($line =~ /\bget_jiffies_64\s*\(\s*\)\s*$Compare|$Compare\s*get_jiffies_64\s*\(\s*\)/) {
4985                         WARN("JIFFIES_COMPARISON",
4986                              "Comparing get_jiffies_64() is almost always wrong; prefer time_after64, time_before64 and friends\n" . $herecurr);
4987                 }
4988
4989 # warn about #ifdefs in C files
4990 #               if ($line =~ /^.\s*\#\s*if(|n)def/ && ($realfile =~ /\.c$/)) {
4991 #                       print "#ifdef in C files should be avoided\n";
4992 #                       print "$herecurr";
4993 #                       $clean = 0;
4994 #               }
4995
4996 # warn about spacing in #ifdefs
4997                 if ($line =~ /^.\s*\#\s*(ifdef|ifndef|elif)\s\s+/) {
4998                         if (ERROR("SPACING",
4999                                   "exactly one space required after that #$1\n" . $herecurr) &&
5000                             $fix) {
5001                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
5002                                     s/^(.\s*\#\s*(ifdef|ifndef|elif))\s{2,}/$1 /;
5003                         }
5004
5005                 }
5006
5007 # check for spinlock_t definitions without a comment.
5008                 if ($line =~ /^.\s*(struct\s+mutex|spinlock_t)\s+\S+;/ ||
5009                     $line =~ /^.\s*(DEFINE_MUTEX)\s*\(/) {
5010                         my $which = $1;
5011                         if (!ctx_has_comment($first_line, $linenr)) {
5012                                 CHK("UNCOMMENTED_DEFINITION",
5013                                     "$1 definition without comment\n" . $herecurr);
5014                         }
5015                 }
5016 # check for memory barriers without a comment.
5017                 if ($line =~ /\b(mb|rmb|wmb|read_barrier_depends|smp_mb|smp_rmb|smp_wmb|smp_read_barrier_depends)\(/) {
5018                         if (!ctx_has_comment($first_line, $linenr)) {
5019                                 WARN("MEMORY_BARRIER",
5020                                      "memory barrier without comment\n" . $herecurr);
5021                         }
5022                 }
5023
5024 # check for waitqueue_active without a comment.
5025                 if ($line =~ /\bwaitqueue_active\s*\(/) {
5026                         if (!ctx_has_comment($first_line, $linenr)) {
5027                                 WARN("WAITQUEUE_ACTIVE",
5028                                      "waitqueue_active without comment\n" . $herecurr);
5029                         }
5030                 }
5031
5032 # Check for expedited grace periods that interrupt non-idle non-nohz
5033 # online CPUs.  These expedited can therefore degrade real-time response
5034 # if used carelessly, and should be avoided where not absolutely
5035 # needed.  It is always OK to use synchronize_rcu_expedited() and
5036 # synchronize_sched_expedited() at boot time (before real-time applications
5037 # start) and in error situations where real-time response is compromised in
5038 # any case.  Note that synchronize_srcu_expedited() does -not- interrupt
5039 # other CPUs, so don't warn on uses of synchronize_srcu_expedited().
5040 # Of course, nothing comes for free, and srcu_read_lock() and
5041 # srcu_read_unlock() do contain full memory barriers in payment for
5042 # synchronize_srcu_expedited() non-interruption properties.
5043                 if ($line =~ /\b(synchronize_rcu_expedited|synchronize_sched_expedited)\(/) {
5044                         WARN("EXPEDITED_RCU_GRACE_PERIOD",
5045                              "expedited RCU grace periods should be avoided where they can degrade real-time response\n" . $herecurr);
5046
5047                 }
5048
5049 # check of hardware specific defines
5050                 if ($line =~ m@^.\s*\#\s*if.*\b(__i386__|__powerpc64__|__sun__|__s390x__)\b@ && $realfile !~ m@include/asm-@) {
5051                         CHK("ARCH_DEFINES",
5052                             "architecture specific defines should be avoided\n" .  $herecurr);
5053                 }
5054
5055 # Check that the storage class is at the beginning of a declaration
5056                 if ($line =~ /\b$Storage\b/ && $line !~ /^.\s*$Storage\b/) {
5057                         WARN("STORAGE_CLASS",
5058                              "storage class should be at the beginning of the declaration\n" . $herecurr)
5059                 }
5060
5061 # check the location of the inline attribute, that it is between
5062 # storage class and type.
5063                 if ($line =~ /\b$Type\s+$Inline\b/ ||
5064                     $line =~ /\b$Inline\s+$Storage\b/) {
5065                         ERROR("INLINE_LOCATION",
5066                               "inline keyword should sit between storage class and type\n" . $herecurr);
5067                 }
5068
5069 # Check for __inline__ and __inline, prefer inline
5070                 if ($realfile !~ m@\binclude/uapi/@ &&
5071                     $line =~ /\b(__inline__|__inline)\b/) {
5072                         if (WARN("INLINE",
5073                                  "plain inline is preferred over $1\n" . $herecurr) &&
5074                             $fix) {
5075                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b(__inline__|__inline)\b/inline/;
5076
5077                         }
5078                 }
5079
5080 # Check for __attribute__ packed, prefer __packed
5081                 if ($realfile !~ m@\binclude/uapi/@ &&
5082                     $line =~ /\b__attribute__\s*\(\s*\(.*\bpacked\b/) {
5083                         WARN("PREFER_PACKED",
5084                              "__packed is preferred over __attribute__((packed))\n" . $herecurr);
5085                 }
5086
5087 # Check for __attribute__ aligned, prefer __aligned
5088                 if ($realfile !~ m@\binclude/uapi/@ &&
5089                     $line =~ /\b__attribute__\s*\(\s*\(.*aligned/) {
5090                         WARN("PREFER_ALIGNED",
5091                              "__aligned(size) is preferred over __attribute__((aligned(size)))\n" . $herecurr);
5092                 }
5093
5094 # Check for __attribute__ format(printf, prefer __printf
5095                 if ($realfile !~ m@\binclude/uapi/@ &&
5096                     $line =~ /\b__attribute__\s*\(\s*\(\s*format\s*\(\s*printf/) {
5097                         if (WARN("PREFER_PRINTF",
5098                                  "__printf(string-index, first-to-check) is preferred over __attribute__((format(printf, string-index, first-to-check)))\n" . $herecurr) &&
5099                             $fix) {
5100                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b__attribute__\s*\(\s*\(\s*format\s*\(\s*printf\s*,\s*(.*)\)\s*\)\s*\)/"__printf(" . trim($1) . ")"/ex;
5101
5102                         }
5103                 }
5104
5105 # Check for __attribute__ format(scanf, prefer __scanf
5106                 if ($realfile !~ m@\binclude/uapi/@ &&
5107                     $line =~ /\b__attribute__\s*\(\s*\(\s*format\s*\(\s*scanf\b/) {
5108                         if (WARN("PREFER_SCANF",
5109                                  "__scanf(string-index, first-to-check) is preferred over __attribute__((format(scanf, string-index, first-to-check)))\n" . $herecurr) &&
5110                             $fix) {
5111                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b__attribute__\s*\(\s*\(\s*format\s*\(\s*scanf\s*,\s*(.*)\)\s*\)\s*\)/"__scanf(" . trim($1) . ")"/ex;
5112                         }
5113                 }
5114
5115 # Check for __attribute__ weak, or __weak declarations (may have link issues)
5116                 if ($^V && $^V ge 5.10.0 &&
5117                     $line =~ /(?:$Declare|$DeclareMisordered)\s*$Ident\s*$balanced_parens\s*(?:$Attribute)?\s*;/ &&
5118                     ($line =~ /\b__attribute__\s*\(\s*\(.*\bweak\b/ ||
5119                      $line =~ /\b__weak\b/)) {
5120                         ERROR("WEAK_DECLARATION",
5121                               "Using weak declarations can have unintended link defects\n" . $herecurr);
5122                 }
5123
5124 # check for c99 types like uint8_t used outside of uapi/
5125                 if ($realfile !~ m@\binclude/uapi/@ &&
5126                     $line =~ /\b($Declare)\s*$Ident\s*[=;,\[]/) {
5127                         my $type = $1;
5128                         if ($type =~ /\b($typeC99Typedefs)\b/) {
5129                                 $type = $1;
5130                                 my $kernel_type = 'u';
5131                                 $kernel_type = 's' if ($type =~ /^_*[si]/);
5132                                 $type =~ /(\d+)/;
5133                                 $kernel_type .= $1;
5134                                 if (CHK("PREFER_KERNEL_TYPES",
5135                                         "Prefer kernel type '$kernel_type' over '$type'\n" . $herecurr) &&
5136                                     $fix) {
5137                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b$type\b/$kernel_type/;
5138                                 }
5139                         }
5140                 }
5141
5142 # check for sizeof(&)
5143                 if ($line =~ /\bsizeof\s*\(\s*\&/) {
5144                         WARN("SIZEOF_ADDRESS",
5145                              "sizeof(& should be avoided\n" . $herecurr);
5146                 }
5147
5148 # check for sizeof without parenthesis
5149                 if ($line =~ /\bsizeof\s+((?:\*\s*|)$Lval|$Type(?:\s+$Lval|))/) {
5150                         if (WARN("SIZEOF_PARENTHESIS",
5151                                  "sizeof $1 should be sizeof($1)\n" . $herecurr) &&
5152                             $fix) {
5153                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bsizeof\s+((?:\*\s*|)$Lval|$Type(?:\s+$Lval|))/"sizeof(" . trim($1) . ")"/ex;
5154                         }
5155                 }
5156
5157 # check for struct spinlock declarations
5158                 if ($line =~ /^.\s*\bstruct\s+spinlock\s+\w+\s*;/) {
5159                         WARN("USE_SPINLOCK_T",
5160                              "struct spinlock should be spinlock_t\n" . $herecurr);
5161                 }
5162
5163 # check for seq_printf uses that could be seq_puts
5164                 if ($sline =~ /\bseq_printf\s*\(.*"\s*\)\s*;\s*$/) {
5165                         my $fmt = get_quoted_string($line, $rawline);
5166                         $fmt =~ s/%%//g;
5167                         if ($fmt !~ /%/) {
5168                                 if (WARN("PREFER_SEQ_PUTS",
5169                                          "Prefer seq_puts to seq_printf\n" . $herecurr) &&
5170                                     $fix) {
5171                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bseq_printf\b/seq_puts/;
5172                                 }
5173                         }
5174                 }
5175
5176 # Check for misused memsets
5177                 if ($^V && $^V ge 5.10.0 &&
5178                     defined $stat &&
5179                     $stat =~ /^\+(?:.*?)\bmemset\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*$FuncArg\s*\,\s*$FuncArg\s*\)/) {
5180
5181                         my $ms_addr = $2;
5182                         my $ms_val = $7;
5183                         my $ms_size = $12;
5184
5185                         if ($ms_size =~ /^(0x|)0$/i) {
5186                                 ERROR("MEMSET",
5187                                       "memset to 0's uses 0 as the 2nd argument, not the 3rd\n" . "$here\n$stat\n");
5188                         } elsif ($ms_size =~ /^(0x|)1$/i) {
5189                                 WARN("MEMSET",
5190                                      "single byte memset is suspicious. Swapped 2nd/3rd argument?\n" . "$here\n$stat\n");
5191                         }
5192                 }
5193
5194 # Check for memcpy(foo, bar, ETH_ALEN) that could be ether_addr_copy(foo, bar)
5195                 if ($^V && $^V ge 5.10.0 &&
5196                     defined $stat &&
5197                     $stat =~ /^\+(?:.*?)\bmemcpy\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*$FuncArg\s*\,\s*ETH_ALEN\s*\)/) {
5198                         if (WARN("PREFER_ETHER_ADDR_COPY",
5199                                  "Prefer ether_addr_copy() over memcpy() if the Ethernet addresses are __aligned(2)\n" . "$here\n$stat\n") &&
5200                             $fix) {
5201                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bmemcpy\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*$FuncArg\s*\,\s*ETH_ALEN\s*\)/ether_addr_copy($2, $7)/;
5202                         }
5203                 }
5204
5205 # Check for memcmp(foo, bar, ETH_ALEN) that could be ether_addr_equal*(foo, bar)
5206                 if ($^V && $^V ge 5.10.0 &&
5207                     defined $stat &&
5208                     $stat =~ /^\+(?:.*?)\bmemcmp\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*$FuncArg\s*\,\s*ETH_ALEN\s*\)/) {
5209                         WARN("PREFER_ETHER_ADDR_EQUAL",
5210                              "Prefer ether_addr_equal() or ether_addr_equal_unaligned() over memcmp()\n" . "$here\n$stat\n")
5211                 }
5212
5213 # check for memset(foo, 0x0, ETH_ALEN) that could be eth_zero_addr
5214 # check for memset(foo, 0xFF, ETH_ALEN) that could be eth_broadcast_addr
5215                 if ($^V && $^V ge 5.10.0 &&
5216                     defined $stat &&
5217                     $stat =~ /^\+(?:.*?)\bmemset\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*$FuncArg\s*\,\s*ETH_ALEN\s*\)/) {
5218
5219                         my $ms_val = $7;
5220
5221                         if ($ms_val =~ /^(?:0x|)0+$/i) {
5222                                 if (WARN("PREFER_ETH_ZERO_ADDR",
5223                                          "Prefer eth_zero_addr over memset()\n" . "$here\n$stat\n") &&
5224                                     $fix) {
5225                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bmemset\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*ETH_ALEN\s*\)/eth_zero_addr($2)/;
5226                                 }
5227                         } elsif ($ms_val =~ /^(?:0xff|255)$/i) {
5228                                 if (WARN("PREFER_ETH_BROADCAST_ADDR",
5229                                          "Prefer eth_broadcast_addr() over memset()\n" . "$here\n$stat\n") &&
5230                                     $fix) {
5231                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bmemset\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*ETH_ALEN\s*\)/eth_broadcast_addr($2)/;
5232                                 }
5233                         }
5234                 }
5235
5236 # typecasts on min/max could be min_t/max_t
5237                 if ($^V && $^V ge 5.10.0 &&
5238                     defined $stat &&
5239                     $stat =~ /^\+(?:.*?)\b(min|max)\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*$FuncArg\s*\)/) {
5240                         if (defined $2 || defined $7) {
5241                                 my $call = $1;
5242                                 my $cast1 = deparenthesize($2);
5243                                 my $arg1 = $3;
5244                                 my $cast2 = deparenthesize($7);
5245                                 my $arg2 = $8;
5246                                 my $cast;
5247
5248                                 if ($cast1 ne "" && $cast2 ne "" && $cast1 ne $cast2) {
5249                                         $cast = "$cast1 or $cast2";
5250                                 } elsif ($cast1 ne "") {
5251                                         $cast = $cast1;
5252                                 } else {
5253                                         $cast = $cast2;
5254                                 }
5255                                 WARN("MINMAX",
5256                                      "$call() should probably be ${call}_t($cast, $arg1, $arg2)\n" . "$here\n$stat\n");
5257                         }
5258                 }
5259
5260 # check usleep_range arguments
5261                 if ($^V && $^V ge 5.10.0 &&
5262                     defined $stat &&
5263                     $stat =~ /^\+(?:.*?)\busleep_range\s*\(\s*($FuncArg)\s*,\s*($FuncArg)\s*\)/) {
5264                         my $min = $1;
5265                         my $max = $7;
5266                         if ($min eq $max) {
5267                                 WARN("USLEEP_RANGE",
5268                                      "usleep_range should not use min == max args; see Documentation/timers/timers-howto.txt\n" . "$here\n$stat\n");
5269                         } elsif ($min =~ /^\d+$/ && $max =~ /^\d+$/ &&
5270                                  $min > $max) {
5271                                 WARN("USLEEP_RANGE",
5272                                      "usleep_range args reversed, use min then max; see Documentation/timers/timers-howto.txt\n" . "$here\n$stat\n");
5273                         }
5274                 }
5275
5276 # check for naked sscanf
5277                 if ($^V && $^V ge 5.10.0 &&
5278                     defined $stat &&
5279                     $line =~ /\bsscanf\b/ &&
5280                     ($stat !~ /$Ident\s*=\s*sscanf\s*$balanced_parens/ &&
5281                      $stat !~ /\bsscanf\s*$balanced_parens\s*(?:$Compare)/ &&
5282                      $stat !~ /(?:$Compare)\s*\bsscanf\s*$balanced_parens/)) {
5283                         my $lc = $stat =~ tr@\n@@;
5284                         $lc = $lc + $linenr;
5285                         my $stat_real = raw_line($linenr, 0);
5286                         for (my $count = $linenr + 1; $count <= $lc; $count++) {
5287                                 $stat_real = $stat_real . "\n" . raw_line($count, 0);
5288                         }
5289                         WARN("NAKED_SSCANF",
5290                              "unchecked sscanf return value\n" . "$here\n$stat_real\n");
5291                 }
5292
5293 # check for simple sscanf that should be kstrto<foo>
5294                 if ($^V && $^V ge 5.10.0 &&
5295                     defined $stat &&
5296                     $line =~ /\bsscanf\b/) {
5297                         my $lc = $stat =~ tr@\n@@;
5298                         $lc = $lc + $linenr;
5299                         my $stat_real = raw_line($linenr, 0);
5300                         for (my $count = $linenr + 1; $count <= $lc; $count++) {
5301                                 $stat_real = $stat_real . "\n" . raw_line($count, 0);
5302                         }
5303                         if ($stat_real =~ /\bsscanf\b\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*("[^"]+")/) {
5304                                 my $format = $6;
5305                                 my $count = $format =~ tr@%@%@;
5306                                 if ($count == 1 &&
5307                                     $format =~ /^"\%(?i:ll[udxi]|[udxi]ll|ll|[hl]h?[udxi]|[udxi][hl]h?|[hl]h?|[udxi])"$/) {
5308                                         WARN("SSCANF_TO_KSTRTO",
5309                                              "Prefer kstrto<type> to single variable sscanf\n" . "$here\n$stat_real\n");
5310                                 }
5311                         }
5312                 }
5313
5314 # check for new externs in .h files.
5315                 if ($realfile =~ /\.h$/ &&
5316                     $line =~ /^\+\s*(extern\s+)$Type\s*$Ident\s*\(/s) {
5317                         if (CHK("AVOID_EXTERNS",
5318                                 "extern prototypes should be avoided in .h files\n" . $herecurr) &&
5319                             $fix) {
5320                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(.*)\bextern\b\s*(.*)/$1$2/;
5321                         }
5322                 }
5323
5324 # check for new externs in .c files.
5325                 if ($realfile =~ /\.c$/ && defined $stat &&
5326                     $stat =~ /^.\s*(?:extern\s+)?$Type\s+($Ident)(\s*)\(/s)
5327                 {
5328                         my $function_name = $1;
5329                         my $paren_space = $2;
5330
5331                         my $s = $stat;
5332                         if (defined $cond) {
5333                                 substr($s, 0, length($cond), '');
5334                         }
5335                         if ($s =~ /^\s*;/ &&
5336                             $function_name ne 'uninitialized_var')
5337                         {
5338                                 WARN("AVOID_EXTERNS",
5339                                      "externs should be avoided in .c files\n" .  $herecurr);
5340                         }
5341
5342                         if ($paren_space =~ /\n/) {
5343                                 WARN("FUNCTION_ARGUMENTS",
5344                                      "arguments for function declarations should follow identifier\n" . $herecurr);
5345                         }
5346
5347                 } elsif ($realfile =~ /\.c$/ && defined $stat &&
5348                     $stat =~ /^.\s*extern\s+/)
5349                 {
5350                         WARN("AVOID_EXTERNS",
5351                              "externs should be avoided in .c files\n" .  $herecurr);
5352                 }
5353
5354 # checks for new __setup's
5355                 if ($rawline =~ /\b__setup\("([^"]*)"/) {
5356                         my $name = $1;
5357
5358                         if (!grep(/$name/, @setup_docs)) {
5359                                 CHK("UNDOCUMENTED_SETUP",
5360                                     "__setup appears un-documented -- check Documentation/kernel-parameters.txt\n" . $herecurr);
5361                         }
5362                 }
5363
5364 # check for pointless casting of kmalloc return
5365                 if ($line =~ /\*\s*\)\s*[kv][czm]alloc(_node){0,1}\b/) {
5366                         WARN("UNNECESSARY_CASTS",
5367                              "unnecessary cast may hide bugs, see http://c-faq.com/malloc/mallocnocast.html\n" . $herecurr);
5368                 }
5369
5370 # alloc style
5371 # p = alloc(sizeof(struct foo), ...) should be p = alloc(sizeof(*p), ...)
5372                 if ($^V && $^V ge 5.10.0 &&
5373                     $line =~ /\b($Lval)\s*\=\s*(?:$balanced_parens)?\s*([kv][mz]alloc(?:_node)?)\s*\(\s*(sizeof\s*\(\s*struct\s+$Lval\s*\))/) {
5374                         CHK("ALLOC_SIZEOF_STRUCT",
5375                             "Prefer $3(sizeof(*$1)...) over $3($4...)\n" . $herecurr);
5376                 }
5377
5378 # check for k[mz]alloc with multiplies that could be kmalloc_array/kcalloc
5379                 if ($^V && $^V ge 5.10.0 &&
5380                     $line =~ /\b($Lval)\s*\=\s*(?:$balanced_parens)?\s*(k[mz]alloc)\s*\(\s*($FuncArg)\s*\*\s*($FuncArg)\s*,/) {
5381                         my $oldfunc = $3;
5382                         my $a1 = $4;
5383                         my $a2 = $10;
5384                         my $newfunc = "kmalloc_array";
5385                         $newfunc = "kcalloc" if ($oldfunc eq "kzalloc");
5386                         my $r1 = $a1;
5387                         my $r2 = $a2;
5388                         if ($a1 =~ /^sizeof\s*\S/) {
5389                                 $r1 = $a2;
5390                                 $r2 = $a1;
5391                         }
5392                         if ($r1 !~ /^sizeof\b/ && $r2 =~ /^sizeof\s*\S/ &&
5393                             !($r1 =~ /^$Constant$/ || $r1 =~ /^[A-Z_][A-Z0-9_]*$/)) {
5394                                 if (WARN("ALLOC_WITH_MULTIPLY",
5395                                          "Prefer $newfunc over $oldfunc with multiply\n" . $herecurr) &&
5396                                     $fix) {
5397                                         $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b($Lval)\s*\=\s*(?:$balanced_parens)?\s*(k[mz]alloc)\s*\(\s*($FuncArg)\s*\*\s*($FuncArg)/$1 . ' = ' . "$newfunc(" . trim($r1) . ', ' . trim($r2)/e;
5398
5399                                 }
5400                         }
5401                 }
5402
5403 # check for krealloc arg reuse
5404                 if ($^V && $^V ge 5.10.0 &&
5405                     $line =~ /\b($Lval)\s*\=\s*(?:$balanced_parens)?\s*krealloc\s*\(\s*\1\s*,/) {
5406                         WARN("KREALLOC_ARG_REUSE",
5407                              "Reusing the krealloc arg is almost always a bug\n" . $herecurr);
5408                 }
5409
5410 # check for alloc argument mismatch
5411                 if ($line =~ /\b(kcalloc|kmalloc_array)\s*\(\s*sizeof\b/) {
5412                         WARN("ALLOC_ARRAY_ARGS",
5413                              "$1 uses number as first arg, sizeof is generally wrong\n" . $herecurr);
5414                 }
5415
5416 # check for multiple semicolons
5417                 if ($line =~ /;\s*;\s*$/) {
5418                         if (WARN("ONE_SEMICOLON",
5419                                  "Statements terminations use 1 semicolon\n" . $herecurr) &&
5420                             $fix) {
5421                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(\s*;\s*){2,}$/;/g;
5422                         }
5423                 }
5424
5425 # check for #defines like: 1 << <digit> that could be BIT(digit)
5426                 if ($line =~ /#\s*define\s+\w+\s+\(?\s*1\s*([ulUL]*)\s*\<\<\s*(?:\d+|$Ident)\s*\)?/) {
5427                         my $ull = "";
5428                         $ull = "_ULL" if (defined($1) && $1 =~ /ll/i);
5429                         if (CHK("BIT_MACRO",
5430                                 "Prefer using the BIT$ull macro\n" . $herecurr) &&
5431                             $fix) {
5432                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\(?\s*1\s*[ulUL]*\s*<<\s*(\d+|$Ident)\s*\)?/BIT${ull}($1)/;
5433                         }
5434                 }
5435
5436 # check for case / default statements not preceded by break/fallthrough/switch
5437                 if ($line =~ /^.\s*(?:case\s+(?:$Ident|$Constant)\s*|default):/) {
5438                         my $has_break = 0;
5439                         my $has_statement = 0;
5440                         my $count = 0;
5441                         my $prevline = $linenr;
5442                         while ($prevline > 1 && ($file || $count < 3) && !$has_break) {
5443                                 $prevline--;
5444                                 my $rline = $rawlines[$prevline - 1];
5445                                 my $fline = $lines[$prevline - 1];
5446                                 last if ($fline =~ /^\@\@/);
5447                                 next if ($fline =~ /^\-/);
5448                                 next if ($fline =~ /^.(?:\s*(?:case\s+(?:$Ident|$Constant)[\s$;]*|default):[\s$;]*)*$/);
5449                                 $has_break = 1 if ($rline =~ /fall[\s_-]*(through|thru)/i);
5450                                 next if ($fline =~ /^.[\s$;]*$/);
5451                                 $has_statement = 1;
5452                                 $count++;
5453                                 $has_break = 1 if ($fline =~ /\bswitch\b|\b(?:break\s*;[\s$;]*$|return\b|goto\b|continue\b)/);
5454                         }
5455                         if (!$has_break && $has_statement) {
5456                                 WARN("MISSING_BREAK",
5457                                      "Possible switch case/default not preceeded by break or fallthrough comment\n" . $herecurr);
5458                         }
5459                 }
5460
5461 # check for switch/default statements without a break;
5462                 if ($^V && $^V ge 5.10.0 &&
5463                     defined $stat &&
5464                     $stat =~ /^\+[$;\s]*(?:case[$;\s]+\w+[$;\s]*:[$;\s]*|)*[$;\s]*\bdefault[$;\s]*:[$;\s]*;/g) {
5465                         my $ctx = '';
5466                         my $herectx = $here . "\n";
5467                         my $cnt = statement_rawlines($stat);
5468                         for (my $n = 0; $n < $cnt; $n++) {
5469                                 $herectx .= raw_line($linenr, $n) . "\n";
5470                         }
5471                         WARN("DEFAULT_NO_BREAK",
5472                              "switch default: should use break\n" . $herectx);
5473                 }
5474
5475 # check for gcc specific __FUNCTION__
5476                 if ($line =~ /\b__FUNCTION__\b/) {
5477                         if (WARN("USE_FUNC",
5478                                  "__func__ should be used instead of gcc specific __FUNCTION__\n"  . $herecurr) &&
5479                             $fix) {
5480                                 $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b__FUNCTION__\b/__func__/g;
5481                         }
5482                 }
5483
5484 # check for uses of __DATE__, __TIME__, __TIMESTAMP__
5485                 while ($line =~ /\b(__(?:DATE|TIME|TIMESTAMP)__)\b/g) {
5486                         ERROR("DATE_TIME",
5487                               "Use of the '$1' macro makes the build non-deterministic\n" . $herecurr);
5488                 }
5489
5490 # check for use of yield()
5491                 if ($line =~ /\byield\s*\(\s*\)/) {
5492                         WARN("YIELD",
5493                              "Using yield() is generally wrong. See yield() kernel-doc (sched/core.c)\n"  . $herecurr);
5494                 }
5495
5496 # check for comparisons against true and false
5497                 if ($line =~ /\+\s*(.*?)\b(true|false|$Lval)\s*(==|\!=)\s*(true|false|$Lval)\b(.*)$/i) {
5498                         my $lead = $1;
5499                         my $arg = $2;
5500                         my $test = $3;
5501                         my $otype = $4;
5502                         my $trail = $5;
5503                         my $op = "!";
5504
5505                         ($arg, $otype) = ($otype, $arg) if ($arg =~ /^(?:true|false)$/i);
5506
5507                         my $type = lc($otype);
5508                         if ($type =~ /^(?:true|false)$/) {
5509                                 if (("$test" eq "==" && "$type" eq "true") ||
5510                                     ("$test" eq "!=" && "$type" eq "false")) {
5511                                         $op = "";
5512                                 }
5513
5514                                 CHK("BOOL_COMPARISON",
5515                                     "Using comparison to $otype is error prone\n" . $herecurr);
5516
5517 ## maybe suggesting a correct construct would better
5518 ##                                  "Using comparison to $otype is error prone.  Perhaps use '${lead}${op}${arg}${trail}'\n" . $herecurr);
5519
5520                         }
5521                 }
5522
5523 # check for semaphores initialized locked
5524                 if ($line =~ /^.\s*sema_init.+,\W?0\W?\)/) {
5525                         WARN("CONSIDER_COMPLETION",
5526                              "consider using a completion\n" . $herecurr);
5527                 }
5528
5529 # recommend kstrto* over simple_strto* and strict_strto*
5530                 if ($line =~ /\b((simple|strict)_(strto(l|ll|ul|ull)))\s*\(/) {
5531                         WARN("CONSIDER_KSTRTO",
5532                              "$1 is obsolete, use k$3 instead\n" . $herecurr);
5533                 }
5534
5535 # check for __initcall(), use device_initcall() explicitly or more appropriate function please
5536                 if ($line =~ /^.\s*__initcall\s*\(/) {
5537                         WARN("USE_DEVICE_INITCALL",
5538                              "please use device_initcall() or more appropriate function instead of __initcall() (see include/linux/init.h)\n" . $herecurr);
5539                 }
5540
5541 # check for various structs that are normally const (ops, kgdb, device_tree)
5542                 my $const_structs = qr{
5543                                 acpi_dock_ops|
5544                                 address_space_operations|
5545                                 backlight_ops|
5546                                 block_device_operations|
5547                                 dentry_operations|
5548                                 dev_pm_ops|
5549                                 dma_map_ops|
5550                                 extent_io_ops|
5551                                 file_lock_operations|
5552                                 file_operations|
5553                                 hv_ops|
5554                                 ide_dma_ops|
5555                                 intel_dvo_dev_ops|
5556                                 item_operations|
5557                                 iwl_ops|
5558                                 kgdb_arch|
5559                                 kgdb_io|
5560                                 kset_uevent_ops|
5561                                 lock_manager_operations|
5562                                 microcode_ops|
5563                                 mtrr_ops|
5564                                 neigh_ops|
5565                                 nlmsvc_binding|
5566                                 of_device_id|
5567                                 pci_raw_ops|
5568                                 pipe_buf_operations|
5569                                 platform_hibernation_ops|
5570                                 platform_suspend_ops|
5571                                 proto_ops|
5572                                 rpc_pipe_ops|
5573                                 seq_operations|
5574                                 snd_ac97_build_ops|
5575                                 soc_pcmcia_socket_ops|
5576                                 stacktrace_ops|
5577                                 sysfs_ops|
5578                                 tty_operations|
5579                                 uart_ops|
5580                                 usb_mon_operations|
5581                                 wd_ops}x;
5582                 if ($line !~ /\bconst\b/ &&
5583                     $line =~ /\bstruct\s+($const_structs)\b/) {
5584                         WARN("CONST_STRUCT",
5585                              "struct $1 should normally be const\n" .
5586                                 $herecurr);
5587                 }
5588
5589 # use of NR_CPUS is usually wrong
5590 # ignore definitions of NR_CPUS and usage to define arrays as likely right
5591                 if ($line =~ /\bNR_CPUS\b/ &&
5592                     $line !~ /^.\s*\s*#\s*if\b.*\bNR_CPUS\b/ &&
5593                     $line !~ /^.\s*\s*#\s*define\b.*\bNR_CPUS\b/ &&
5594                     $line !~ /^.\s*$Declare\s.*\[[^\]]*NR_CPUS[^\]]*\]/ &&
5595                     $line !~ /\[[^\]]*\.\.\.[^\]]*NR_CPUS[^\]]*\]/ &&
5596                     $line !~ /\[[^\]]*NR_CPUS[^\]]*\.\.\.[^\]]*\]/)
5597                 {
5598                         WARN("NR_CPUS",
5599                              "usage of NR_CPUS is often wrong - consider using cpu_possible(), num_possible_cpus(), for_each_possible_cpu(), etc\n" . $herecurr);
5600                 }
5601
5602 # Use of __ARCH_HAS_<FOO> or ARCH_HAVE_<BAR> is wrong.
5603                 if ($line =~ /\+\s*#\s*define\s+((?:__)?ARCH_(?:HAS|HAVE)\w*)\b/) {
5604                         ERROR("DEFINE_ARCH_HAS",
5605                               "#define of '$1' is wrong - use Kconfig variables or standard guards instead\n" . $herecurr);
5606                 }
5607
5608 # likely/unlikely comparisons similar to "(likely(foo) > 0)"
5609                 if ($^V && $^V ge 5.10.0 &&
5610                     $line =~ /\b((?:un)?likely)\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*\)\s*$Compare/) {
5611                         WARN("LIKELY_MISUSE",
5612                              "Using $1 should generally have parentheses around the comparison\n" . $herecurr);
5613                 }
5614
5615 # whine mightly about in_atomic
5616                 if ($line =~ /\bin_atomic\s*\(/) {
5617                         if ($realfile =~ m@^drivers/@) {
5618                                 ERROR("IN_ATOMIC",
5619                                       "do not use in_atomic in drivers\n" . $herecurr);
5620                         } elsif ($realfile !~ m@^kernel/@) {
5621                                 WARN("IN_ATOMIC",
5622                                      "use of in_atomic() is incorrect outside core kernel code\n" . $herecurr);
5623                         }
5624                 }
5625
5626 # check for lockdep_set_novalidate_class
5627                 if ($line =~ /^.\s*lockdep_set_novalidate_class\s*\(/ ||
5628                     $line =~ /__lockdep_no_validate__\s*\)/ ) {
5629                         if ($realfile !~ m@^kernel/lockdep@ &&
5630                             $realfile !~ m@^include/linux/lockdep@ &&
5631                             $realfile !~ m@^drivers/base/core@) {
5632                                 ERROR("LOCKDEP",
5633                                       "lockdep_no_validate class is reserved for device->mutex.\n" . $herecurr);
5634                         }
5635                 }
5636
5637                 if ($line =~ /debugfs_create_\w+.*\b$mode_perms_world_writable\b/ ||
5638                     $line =~ /DEVICE_ATTR.*\b$mode_perms_world_writable\b/) {
5639                         WARN("EXPORTED_WORLD_WRITABLE",
5640                              "Exporting world writable files is usually an error. Consider more restrictive permissions.\n" . $herecurr);
5641                 }
5642
5643 # Mode permission misuses where it seems decimal should be octal
5644 # This uses a shortcut match to avoid unnecessary uses of a slow foreach loop
5645                 if ($^V && $^V ge 5.10.0 &&
5646                     $line =~ /$mode_perms_search/) {
5647                         foreach my $entry (@mode_permission_funcs) {
5648                                 my $func = $entry->[0];
5649                                 my $arg_pos = $entry->[1];
5650
5651                                 my $skip_args = "";
5652                                 if ($arg_pos > 1) {
5653                                         $arg_pos--;
5654                                         $skip_args = "(?:\\s*$FuncArg\\s*,\\s*){$arg_pos,$arg_pos}";
5655                                 }
5656                                 my $test = "\\b$func\\s*\\(${skip_args}([\\d]+)\\s*[,\\)]";
5657                                 if ($line =~ /$test/) {
5658                                         my $val = $1;
5659                                         $val = $6 if ($skip_args ne "");
5660
5661                                         if ($val !~ /^0$/ &&
5662                                             (($val =~ /^$Int$/ && $val !~ /^$Octal$/) ||
5663                                              length($val) ne 4)) {
5664                                                 ERROR("NON_OCTAL_PERMISSIONS",
5665                                                       "Use 4 digit octal (0777) not decimal permissions\n" . $herecurr);
5666                                         } elsif ($val =~ /^$Octal$/ && (oct($val) & 02)) {
5667                                                 ERROR("EXPORTED_WORLD_WRITABLE",
5668                                                       "Exporting writable files is usually an error. Consider more restrictive permissions.\n" . $herecurr);
5669                                         }
5670                                 }
5671                         }
5672                 }
5673
5674 # validate content of MODULE_LICENSE against list from include/linux/module.h
5675                 if ($line =~ /\bMODULE_LICENSE\s*\(\s*($String)\s*\)/) {
5676                         my $extracted_string = get_quoted_string($line, $rawline);
5677                         my $valid_licenses = qr{
5678                                                 GPL|
5679                                                 GPL\ v2|
5680                                                 GPL\ and\ additional\ rights|
5681                                                 Dual\ BSD/GPL|
5682                                                 Dual\ MIT/GPL|
5683                                                 Dual\ MPL/GPL|
5684                                                 Proprietary
5685                                         }x;
5686                         if ($extracted_string !~ /^"(?:$valid_licenses)"$/x) {
5687                                 WARN("MODULE_LICENSE",
5688                                      "unknown module license " . $extracted_string . "\n" . $herecurr);
5689                         }
5690                 }
5691         }
5692
5693         # If we have no input at all, then there is nothing to report on
5694         # so just keep quiet.
5695         if ($#rawlines == -1) {
5696                 exit(0);
5697         }
5698
5699         # In mailback mode only produce a report in the negative, for
5700         # things that appear to be patches.
5701         if ($mailback && ($clean == 1 || !$is_patch)) {
5702                 exit(0);
5703         }
5704
5705         # This is not a patch, and we are are in 'no-patch' mode so
5706         # just keep quiet.
5707         if (!$chk_patch && !$is_patch) {
5708                 exit(0);
5709         }
5710
5711         if (!$is_patch && $file !~ /cover-letter\.patch$/) {
5712                 ERROR("NOT_UNIFIED_DIFF",
5713                       "Does not appear to be a unified-diff format patch\n");
5714         }
5715         if ($is_patch && $filename ne '-' && $chk_signoff && $signoff == 0) {
5716                 ERROR("MISSING_SIGN_OFF",
5717                       "Missing Signed-off-by: line(s)\n");
5718         }
5719
5720         print report_dump();
5721         if ($summary && !($clean == 1 && $quiet == 1)) {
5722                 print "$filename " if ($summary_file);
5723                 print "total: $cnt_error errors, $cnt_warn warnings, " .
5724                         (($check)? "$cnt_chk checks, " : "") .
5725                         "$cnt_lines lines checked\n";
5726         }
5727
5728         if ($quiet == 0) {
5729                 # If there were whitespace errors which cleanpatch can fix
5730                 # then suggest that.
5731                 if ($rpt_cleaners) {
5732                         $rpt_cleaners = 0;
5733                         print << "EOM"
5734
5735 NOTE: Whitespace errors detected.
5736       You may wish to use scripts/cleanpatch or scripts/cleanfile
5737 EOM
5738                 }
5739         }
5740
5741         if ($clean == 0 && $fix &&
5742             ("@rawlines" ne "@fixed" ||
5743              $#fixed_inserted >= 0 || $#fixed_deleted >= 0)) {
5744                 my $newfile = $filename;
5745                 $newfile .= ".EXPERIMENTAL-checkpatch-fixes" if (!$fix_inplace);
5746                 my $linecount = 0;
5747                 my $f;
5748
5749                 @fixed = fix_inserted_deleted_lines(\@fixed, \@fixed_inserted, \@fixed_deleted);
5750
5751                 open($f, '>', $newfile)
5752                     or die "$P: Can't open $newfile for write\n";
5753                 foreach my $fixed_line (@fixed) {
5754                         $linecount++;
5755                         if ($file) {
5756                                 if ($linecount > 3) {
5757                                         $fixed_line =~ s/^\+//;
5758                                         print $f $fixed_line . "\n";
5759                                 }
5760                         } else {
5761                                 print $f $fixed_line . "\n";
5762                         }
5763                 }
5764                 close($f);
5765
5766                 if (!$quiet) {
5767                         print << "EOM";
5768
5769 Wrote EXPERIMENTAL --fix correction(s) to '$newfile'
5770
5771 Do _NOT_ trust the results written to this file.
5772 Do _NOT_ submit these changes without inspecting them for correctness.
5773
5774 This EXPERIMENTAL file is simply a convenience to help rewrite patches.
5775 No warranties, expressed or implied...
5776 EOM
5777                 }
5778         }
5779
5780         if ($quiet == 0) {
5781                 print "\n";
5782                 if ($clean == 1) {
5783                         print "$vname has no obvious style problems and is ready for submission.\n";
5784                 } else {
5785                         print "$vname has style problems, please review.\n";
5786                 }
5787         }
5788         return $clean;
5789 }