]> git.kernelconcepts.de Git - karo-tx-linux.git/blobdiff - kernel/cgroup.c
cgroup: rename cgroupfs_root->number_of_cgroups to ->nr_cgrps and make it atomic_t
[karo-tx-linux.git] / kernel / cgroup.c
index e2f46ba37f7243c4278de77a8c8536ddc4c0aad5..cffdb6e2ad08935afbdcd593b10898ce52c8fb64 100644 (file)
 #include <linux/proc_fs.h>
 #include <linux/rcupdate.h>
 #include <linux/sched.h>
-#include <linux/backing-dev.h>
 #include <linux/slab.h>
-#include <linux/magic.h>
 #include <linux/spinlock.h>
 #include <linux/string.h>
 #include <linux/sort.h>
 #include <linux/kmod.h>
-#include <linux/module.h>
 #include <linux/delayacct.h>
 #include <linux/cgroupstats.h>
 #include <linux/hashtable.h>
-#include <linux/namei.h>
 #include <linux/pid_namespace.h>
 #include <linux/idr.h>
 #include <linux/vmalloc.h> /* TODO: replace with more sophisticated array */
  */
 #define CGROUP_PIDLIST_DESTROY_DELAY   HZ
 
+#define CGROUP_FILE_NAME_MAX           (MAX_CGROUP_TYPE_NAMELEN +      \
+                                        MAX_CFTYPE_NAME + 2)
+
+/*
+ * cgroup_tree_mutex nests above cgroup_mutex and protects cftypes, file
+ * creation/removal and hierarchy changing operations including cgroup
+ * creation, removal, css association and controller rebinding.  This outer
+ * lock is needed mainly to resolve the circular dependency between kernfs
+ * active ref and cgroup_mutex.  cgroup_tree_mutex nests above both.
+ */
+static DEFINE_MUTEX(cgroup_tree_mutex);
+
 /*
  * cgroup_mutex is the master lock.  Any modification to cgroup or its
  * hierarchy must be performed while holding it.
- *
- * cgroup_root_mutex nests inside cgroup_mutex and should be held to modify
- * cgroupfs_root of any cgroup hierarchy - subsys list, flags,
- * release_agent_path and so on.  Modifying requires both cgroup_mutex and
- * cgroup_root_mutex.  Readers can acquire either of the two.  This is to
- * break the following locking order cycle.
- *
- *  A. cgroup_mutex -> cred_guard_mutex -> s_type->i_mutex_key -> namespace_sem
- *  B. namespace_sem -> cgroup_mutex
- *
- * B happens only through cgroup_show_options() and using cgroup_root_mutex
- * breaks it.
  */
 #ifdef CONFIG_PROVE_RCU
 DEFINE_MUTEX(cgroup_mutex);
@@ -91,20 +87,17 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(cgroup_mutex);    /* only for lockdep */
 static DEFINE_MUTEX(cgroup_mutex);
 #endif
 
-static DEFINE_MUTEX(cgroup_root_mutex);
+/*
+ * Protects cgroup_subsys->release_agent_path.  Modifying it also requires
+ * cgroup_mutex.  Reading requires either cgroup_mutex or this spinlock.
+ */
+static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(release_agent_path_lock);
 
-#define cgroup_assert_mutex_or_rcu_locked()                            \
+#define cgroup_assert_mutexes_or_rcu_locked()                          \
        rcu_lockdep_assert(rcu_read_lock_held() ||                      \
+                          lockdep_is_held(&cgroup_tree_mutex) ||       \
                           lockdep_is_held(&cgroup_mutex),              \
-                          "cgroup_mutex or RCU read lock required");
-
-#ifdef CONFIG_LOCKDEP
-#define cgroup_assert_mutex_or_root_locked()                           \
-       WARN_ON_ONCE(debug_locks && (!lockdep_is_held(&cgroup_mutex) && \
-                                    !lockdep_is_held(&cgroup_root_mutex)))
-#else
-#define cgroup_assert_mutex_or_root_locked()   do { } while (0)
-#endif
+                          "cgroup_[tree_]mutex or RCU read lock required");
 
 /*
  * cgroup destruction makes heavy use of work items and there can be a lot
@@ -120,17 +113,19 @@ static struct workqueue_struct *cgroup_destroy_wq;
  */
 static struct workqueue_struct *cgroup_pidlist_destroy_wq;
 
-/*
- * Generate an array of cgroup subsystem pointers. At boot time, this is
- * populated with the built in subsystems, and modular subsystems are
- * registered after that. The mutable section of this array is protected by
- * cgroup_mutex.
- */
-#define SUBSYS(_x) [_x ## _subsys_id] = &_x ## _subsys,
-#define IS_SUBSYS_ENABLED(option) IS_BUILTIN(option)
-static struct cgroup_subsys *cgroup_subsys[CGROUP_SUBSYS_COUNT] = {
+/* generate an array of cgroup subsystem pointers */
+#define SUBSYS(_x) [_x ## _cgrp_id] = &_x ## _cgrp_subsys,
+static struct cgroup_subsys *cgroup_subsys[] = {
+#include <linux/cgroup_subsys.h>
+};
+#undef SUBSYS
+
+/* array of cgroup subsystem names */
+#define SUBSYS(_x) [_x ## _cgrp_id] = #_x,
+static const char *cgroup_subsys_name[] = {
 #include <linux/cgroup_subsys.h>
 };
+#undef SUBSYS
 
 /*
  * The dummy hierarchy, reserved for the subsystems that are otherwise
@@ -147,15 +142,9 @@ static struct cgroup * const cgroup_dummy_top = &cgroup_dummy_root.top_cgroup;
 static LIST_HEAD(cgroup_roots);
 static int cgroup_root_count;
 
-/*
- * Hierarchy ID allocation and mapping.  It follows the same exclusion
- * rules as other root ops - both cgroup_mutex and cgroup_root_mutex for
- * writes, either for reads.
- */
+/* hierarchy ID allocation and mapping, protected by cgroup_mutex */
 static DEFINE_IDR(cgroup_hierarchy_idr);
 
-static struct cgroup_name root_cgroup_name = { .name = "/" };
-
 /*
  * Assign a monotonically increasing serial number to cgroups.  It
  * guarantees cgroups with bigger numbers are newer than those with smaller
@@ -175,11 +164,13 @@ static int need_forkexit_callback __read_mostly;
 
 static struct cftype cgroup_base_files[];
 
+static void cgroup_put(struct cgroup *cgrp);
+static int rebind_subsystems(struct cgroupfs_root *root,
+                            unsigned long added_mask, unsigned removed_mask);
 static void cgroup_destroy_css_killed(struct cgroup *cgrp);
 static int cgroup_destroy_locked(struct cgroup *cgrp);
 static int cgroup_addrm_files(struct cgroup *cgrp, struct cftype cfts[],
                              bool is_add);
-static int cgroup_file_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *file);
 static void cgroup_pidlist_destroy_all(struct cgroup *cgrp);
 
 /**
@@ -197,8 +188,9 @@ static struct cgroup_subsys_state *cgroup_css(struct cgroup *cgrp,
                                              struct cgroup_subsys *ss)
 {
        if (ss)
-               return rcu_dereference_check(cgrp->subsys[ss->subsys_id],
-                                            lockdep_is_held(&cgroup_mutex));
+               return rcu_dereference_check(cgrp->subsys[ss->id],
+                                       lockdep_is_held(&cgroup_tree_mutex) ||
+                                       lockdep_is_held(&cgroup_mutex));
        else
                return &cgrp->dummy_css;
 }
@@ -209,6 +201,27 @@ static inline bool cgroup_is_dead(const struct cgroup *cgrp)
        return test_bit(CGRP_DEAD, &cgrp->flags);
 }
 
+struct cgroup_subsys_state *seq_css(struct seq_file *seq)
+{
+       struct kernfs_open_file *of = seq->private;
+       struct cgroup *cgrp = of->kn->parent->priv;
+       struct cftype *cft = seq_cft(seq);
+
+       /*
+        * This is open and unprotected implementation of cgroup_css().
+        * seq_css() is only called from a kernfs file operation which has
+        * an active reference on the file.  Because all the subsystem
+        * files are drained before a css is disassociated with a cgroup,
+        * the matching css from the cgroup's subsys table is guaranteed to
+        * be and stay valid until the enclosing operation is complete.
+        */
+       if (cft->ss)
+               return rcu_dereference_raw(cgrp->subsys[cft->ss->id]);
+       else
+               return &cgrp->dummy_css;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(seq_css);
+
 /**
  * cgroup_is_descendant - test ancestry
  * @cgrp: the cgroup to be tested
@@ -254,54 +267,23 @@ static int notify_on_release(const struct cgroup *cgrp)
        for ((ssid) = 0; (ssid) < CGROUP_SUBSYS_COUNT; (ssid)++)        \
                if (!((css) = rcu_dereference_check(                    \
                                (cgrp)->subsys[(ssid)],                 \
+                               lockdep_is_held(&cgroup_tree_mutex) ||  \
                                lockdep_is_held(&cgroup_mutex)))) { }   \
                else
 
 /**
- * for_each_subsys - iterate all loaded cgroup subsystems
+ * for_each_subsys - iterate all enabled cgroup subsystems
  * @ss: the iteration cursor
  * @ssid: the index of @ss, CGROUP_SUBSYS_COUNT after reaching the end
- *
- * Iterates through all loaded subsystems.  Should be called under
- * cgroup_mutex or cgroup_root_mutex.
  */
 #define for_each_subsys(ss, ssid)                                      \
-       for (({ cgroup_assert_mutex_or_root_locked(); (ssid) = 0; });   \
-            (ssid) < CGROUP_SUBSYS_COUNT; (ssid)++)                    \
-               if (!((ss) = cgroup_subsys[(ssid)])) { }                \
-               else
-
-/**
- * for_each_builtin_subsys - iterate all built-in cgroup subsystems
- * @ss: the iteration cursor
- * @i: the index of @ss, CGROUP_BUILTIN_SUBSYS_COUNT after reaching the end
- *
- * Bulit-in subsystems are always present and iteration itself doesn't
- * require any synchronization.
- */
-#define for_each_builtin_subsys(ss, i)                                 \
-       for ((i) = 0; (i) < CGROUP_BUILTIN_SUBSYS_COUNT &&              \
-            (((ss) = cgroup_subsys[i]) || true); (i)++)
+       for ((ssid) = 0; (ssid) < CGROUP_SUBSYS_COUNT &&                \
+            (((ss) = cgroup_subsys[ssid]) || true); (ssid)++)
 
 /* iterate across the active hierarchies */
 #define for_each_active_root(root)                                     \
        list_for_each_entry((root), &cgroup_roots, root_list)
 
-static inline struct cgroup *__d_cgrp(struct dentry *dentry)
-{
-       return dentry->d_fsdata;
-}
-
-static inline struct cfent *__d_cfe(struct dentry *dentry)
-{
-       return dentry->d_fsdata;
-}
-
-static inline struct cftype *__d_cft(struct dentry *dentry)
-{
-       return __d_cfe(dentry)->type;
-}
-
 /**
  * cgroup_lock_live_group - take cgroup_mutex and check that cgrp is alive.
  * @cgrp: the cgroup to be checked for liveness
@@ -703,6 +685,116 @@ static struct css_set *find_css_set(struct css_set *old_cset,
        return cset;
 }
 
+static struct cgroupfs_root *cgroup_root_from_kf(struct kernfs_root *kf_root)
+{
+       struct cgroup *top_cgrp = kf_root->kn->priv;
+
+       return top_cgrp->root;
+}
+
+static int cgroup_init_root_id(struct cgroupfs_root *root, int start, int end)
+{
+       int id;
+
+       lockdep_assert_held(&cgroup_mutex);
+
+       id = idr_alloc_cyclic(&cgroup_hierarchy_idr, root, start, end,
+                             GFP_KERNEL);
+       if (id < 0)
+               return id;
+
+       root->hierarchy_id = id;
+       return 0;
+}
+
+static void cgroup_exit_root_id(struct cgroupfs_root *root)
+{
+       lockdep_assert_held(&cgroup_mutex);
+
+       if (root->hierarchy_id) {
+               idr_remove(&cgroup_hierarchy_idr, root->hierarchy_id);
+               root->hierarchy_id = 0;
+       }
+}
+
+static void cgroup_free_root(struct cgroupfs_root *root)
+{
+       if (root) {
+               /* hierarhcy ID shoulid already have been released */
+               WARN_ON_ONCE(root->hierarchy_id);
+
+               idr_destroy(&root->cgroup_idr);
+               kfree(root);
+       }
+}
+
+static void cgroup_get_root(struct cgroupfs_root *root)
+{
+       /*
+        * The caller must ensure that @root is alive, which can be
+        * achieved by holding a ref on one of the member cgroups or
+        * following a registered reference to @root while holding
+        * cgroup_tree_mutex.
+        */
+       WARN_ON_ONCE(atomic_read(&root->refcnt) <= 0);
+       atomic_inc(&root->refcnt);
+}
+
+static void cgroup_put_root(struct cgroupfs_root *root)
+{
+       struct cgroup *cgrp = &root->top_cgroup;
+       struct cgrp_cset_link *link, *tmp_link;
+       int ret;
+
+       /*
+        * @root's refcnt reaching zero and its deregistration should be
+        * atomic w.r.t. cgroup_tree_mutex.  This ensures that
+        * cgroup_get_root() is safe to invoke if @root is registered.
+        */
+       mutex_lock(&cgroup_tree_mutex);
+       if (!atomic_dec_and_test(&root->refcnt)) {
+               mutex_unlock(&cgroup_tree_mutex);
+               return;
+       }
+       mutex_lock(&cgroup_mutex);
+
+       BUG_ON(atomic_read(&root->nr_cgrps) != 1);
+       BUG_ON(!list_empty(&cgrp->children));
+
+       /* Rebind all subsystems back to the default hierarchy */
+       if (root->flags & CGRP_ROOT_SUBSYS_BOUND) {
+               ret = rebind_subsystems(root, 0, root->subsys_mask);
+               /* Shouldn't be able to fail ... */
+               BUG_ON(ret);
+       }
+
+       /*
+        * Release all the links from cset_links to this hierarchy's
+        * root cgroup
+        */
+       write_lock(&css_set_lock);
+
+       list_for_each_entry_safe(link, tmp_link, &cgrp->cset_links, cset_link) {
+               list_del(&link->cset_link);
+               list_del(&link->cgrp_link);
+               kfree(link);
+       }
+       write_unlock(&css_set_lock);
+
+       if (!list_empty(&root->root_list)) {
+               list_del(&root->root_list);
+               cgroup_root_count--;
+       }
+
+       cgroup_exit_root_id(root);
+
+       mutex_unlock(&cgroup_mutex);
+       mutex_unlock(&cgroup_tree_mutex);
+
+       kernfs_destroy_root(root->kf_root);
+       cgroup_free_root(root);
+}
+
 /*
  * Return the cgroup for "task" from the given hierarchy. Must be
  * called with cgroup_mutex held.
@@ -790,77 +882,67 @@ static struct cgroup *task_cgroup_from_root(struct task_struct *task,
  * update of a tasks cgroup pointer by cgroup_attach_task()
  */
 
-/*
- * A couple of forward declarations required, due to cyclic reference loop:
- * cgroup_mkdir -> cgroup_create -> cgroup_populate_dir ->
- * cgroup_add_file -> cgroup_create_file -> cgroup_dir_inode_operations
- * -> cgroup_mkdir.
- */
-
-static int cgroup_mkdir(struct inode *dir, struct dentry *dentry, umode_t mode);
-static int cgroup_rmdir(struct inode *unused_dir, struct dentry *dentry);
 static int cgroup_populate_dir(struct cgroup *cgrp, unsigned long subsys_mask);
-static const struct inode_operations cgroup_dir_inode_operations;
+static struct kernfs_syscall_ops cgroup_kf_syscall_ops;
 static const struct file_operations proc_cgroupstats_operations;
 
-static struct backing_dev_info cgroup_backing_dev_info = {
-       .name           = "cgroup",
-       .capabilities   = BDI_CAP_NO_ACCT_AND_WRITEBACK,
-};
-
-static struct inode *cgroup_new_inode(umode_t mode, struct super_block *sb)
+static char *cgroup_file_name(struct cgroup *cgrp, const struct cftype *cft,
+                             char *buf)
 {
-       struct inode *inode = new_inode(sb);
-
-       if (inode) {
-               inode->i_ino = get_next_ino();
-               inode->i_mode = mode;
-               inode->i_uid = current_fsuid();
-               inode->i_gid = current_fsgid();
-               inode->i_atime = inode->i_mtime = inode->i_ctime = CURRENT_TIME;
-               inode->i_mapping->backing_dev_info = &cgroup_backing_dev_info;
-       }
-       return inode;
+       if (cft->ss && !(cft->flags & CFTYPE_NO_PREFIX) &&
+           !(cgrp->root->flags & CGRP_ROOT_NOPREFIX))
+               snprintf(buf, CGROUP_FILE_NAME_MAX, "%s.%s",
+                        cft->ss->name, cft->name);
+       else
+               strncpy(buf, cft->name, CGROUP_FILE_NAME_MAX);
+       return buf;
 }
 
-static struct cgroup_name *cgroup_alloc_name(struct dentry *dentry)
+/**
+ * cgroup_file_mode - deduce file mode of a control file
+ * @cft: the control file in question
+ *
+ * returns cft->mode if ->mode is not 0
+ * returns S_IRUGO|S_IWUSR if it has both a read and a write handler
+ * returns S_IRUGO if it has only a read handler
+ * returns S_IWUSR if it has only a write hander
+ */
+static umode_t cgroup_file_mode(const struct cftype *cft)
 {
-       struct cgroup_name *name;
+       umode_t mode = 0;
 
-       name = kmalloc(sizeof(*name) + dentry->d_name.len + 1, GFP_KERNEL);
-       if (!name)
-               return NULL;
-       strcpy(name->name, dentry->d_name.name);
-       return name;
+       if (cft->mode)
+               return cft->mode;
+
+       if (cft->read_u64 || cft->read_s64 || cft->seq_show)
+               mode |= S_IRUGO;
+
+       if (cft->write_u64 || cft->write_s64 || cft->write_string ||
+           cft->trigger)
+               mode |= S_IWUSR;
+
+       return mode;
 }
 
 static void cgroup_free_fn(struct work_struct *work)
 {
        struct cgroup *cgrp = container_of(work, struct cgroup, destroy_work);
 
-       mutex_lock(&cgroup_mutex);
-       cgrp->root->number_of_cgroups--;
-       mutex_unlock(&cgroup_mutex);
+       atomic_dec(&cgrp->root->nr_cgrps);
 
        /*
-        * We get a ref to the parent's dentry, and put the ref when
-        * this cgroup is being freed, so it's guaranteed that the
-        * parent won't be destroyed before its children.
+        * We get a ref to the parent, and put the ref when this cgroup is
+        * being freed, so it's guaranteed that the parent won't be
+        * destroyed before its children.
         */
-       dput(cgrp->parent->dentry);
+       cgroup_put(cgrp->parent);
 
-       /*
-        * Drop the active superblock reference that we took when we
-        * created the cgroup. This will free cgrp->root, if we are
-        * holding the last reference to @sb.
-        */
-       deactivate_super(cgrp->root->sb);
+       /* put the root reference that we took when we created the cgroup */
+       cgroup_put_root(cgrp->root);
 
        cgroup_pidlist_destroy_all(cgrp);
 
-       simple_xattrs_free(&cgrp->xattrs);
-
-       kfree(rcu_dereference_raw(cgrp->name));
+       kernfs_put(cgrp->kn);
        kfree(cgrp);
 }
 
@@ -872,71 +954,40 @@ static void cgroup_free_rcu(struct rcu_head *head)
        queue_work(cgroup_destroy_wq, &cgrp->destroy_work);
 }
 
-static void cgroup_diput(struct dentry *dentry, struct inode *inode)
-{
-       /* is dentry a directory ? if so, kfree() associated cgroup */
-       if (S_ISDIR(inode->i_mode)) {
-               struct cgroup *cgrp = dentry->d_fsdata;
-
-               BUG_ON(!(cgroup_is_dead(cgrp)));
-
-               /*
-                * XXX: cgrp->id is only used to look up css's.  As cgroup
-                * and css's lifetimes will be decoupled, it should be made
-                * per-subsystem and moved to css->id so that lookups are
-                * successful until the target css is released.
-                */
-               idr_remove(&cgrp->root->cgroup_idr, cgrp->id);
-               cgrp->id = -1;
-
-               call_rcu(&cgrp->rcu_head, cgroup_free_rcu);
-       } else {
-               struct cfent *cfe = __d_cfe(dentry);
-               struct cgroup *cgrp = dentry->d_parent->d_fsdata;
-
-               WARN_ONCE(!list_empty(&cfe->node) &&
-                         cgrp != &cgrp->root->top_cgroup,
-                         "cfe still linked for %s\n", cfe->type->name);
-               simple_xattrs_free(&cfe->xattrs);
-               kfree(cfe);
-       }
-       iput(inode);
-}
-
-static void remove_dir(struct dentry *d)
+static void cgroup_get(struct cgroup *cgrp)
 {
-       struct dentry *parent = dget(d->d_parent);
-
-       d_delete(d);
-       simple_rmdir(parent->d_inode, d);
-       dput(parent);
+       WARN_ON_ONCE(cgroup_is_dead(cgrp));
+       WARN_ON_ONCE(atomic_read(&cgrp->refcnt) <= 0);
+       atomic_inc(&cgrp->refcnt);
 }
 
-static void cgroup_rm_file(struct cgroup *cgrp, const struct cftype *cft)
+static void cgroup_put(struct cgroup *cgrp)
 {
-       struct cfent *cfe;
-
-       lockdep_assert_held(&cgrp->dentry->d_inode->i_mutex);
-       lockdep_assert_held(&cgroup_mutex);
+       if (!atomic_dec_and_test(&cgrp->refcnt))
+               return;
+       if (WARN_ON_ONCE(!cgroup_is_dead(cgrp)))
+               return;
 
        /*
-        * If we're doing cleanup due to failure of cgroup_create(),
-        * the corresponding @cfe may not exist.
+        * XXX: cgrp->id is only used to look up css's.  As cgroup and
+        * css's lifetimes will be decoupled, it should be made
+        * per-subsystem and moved to css->id so that lookups are
+        * successful until the target css is released.
         */
-       list_for_each_entry(cfe, &cgrp->files, node) {
-               struct dentry *d = cfe->dentry;
+       mutex_lock(&cgroup_mutex);
+       idr_remove(&cgrp->root->cgroup_idr, cgrp->id);
+       mutex_unlock(&cgroup_mutex);
+       cgrp->id = -1;
 
-               if (cft && cfe->type != cft)
-                       continue;
+       call_rcu(&cgrp->rcu_head, cgroup_free_rcu);
+}
 
-               dget(d);
-               d_delete(d);
-               simple_unlink(cgrp->dentry->d_inode, d);
-               list_del_init(&cfe->node);
-               dput(d);
+static void cgroup_rm_file(struct cgroup *cgrp, const struct cftype *cft)
+{
+       char name[CGROUP_FILE_NAME_MAX];
 
-               break;
-       }
+       lockdep_assert_held(&cgroup_tree_mutex);
+       kernfs_remove_by_name(cgrp->kn, cgroup_file_name(cgrp, cft, name));
 }
 
 /**
@@ -950,81 +1001,41 @@ static void cgroup_clear_dir(struct cgroup *cgrp, unsigned long subsys_mask)
        int i;
 
        for_each_subsys(ss, i) {
-               struct cftype_set *set;
+               struct cftype *cfts;
 
                if (!test_bit(i, &subsys_mask))
                        continue;
-               list_for_each_entry(set, &ss->cftsets, node)
-                       cgroup_addrm_files(cgrp, set->cfts, false);
+               list_for_each_entry(cfts, &ss->cfts, node)
+                       cgroup_addrm_files(cgrp, cfts, false);
        }
 }
 
-/*
- * NOTE : the dentry must have been dget()'ed
- */
-static void cgroup_d_remove_dir(struct dentry *dentry)
-{
-       struct dentry *parent;
-
-       parent = dentry->d_parent;
-       spin_lock(&parent->d_lock);
-       spin_lock_nested(&dentry->d_lock, DENTRY_D_LOCK_NESTED);
-       list_del_init(&dentry->d_u.d_child);
-       spin_unlock(&dentry->d_lock);
-       spin_unlock(&parent->d_lock);
-       remove_dir(dentry);
-}
-
-/*
- * Call with cgroup_mutex held. Drops reference counts on modules, including
- * any duplicate ones that parse_cgroupfs_options took. If this function
- * returns an error, no reference counts are touched.
- */
 static int rebind_subsystems(struct cgroupfs_root *root,
                             unsigned long added_mask, unsigned removed_mask)
 {
        struct cgroup *cgrp = &root->top_cgroup;
        struct cgroup_subsys *ss;
-       unsigned long pinned = 0;
        int i, ret;
 
-       BUG_ON(!mutex_is_locked(&cgroup_mutex));
-       BUG_ON(!mutex_is_locked(&cgroup_root_mutex));
+       lockdep_assert_held(&cgroup_tree_mutex);
+       lockdep_assert_held(&cgroup_mutex);
 
        /* Check that any added subsystems are currently free */
-       for_each_subsys(ss, i) {
-               if (!(added_mask & (1 << i)))
-                       continue;
-
-               /* is the subsystem mounted elsewhere? */
-               if (ss->root != &cgroup_dummy_root) {
-                       ret = -EBUSY;
-                       goto out_put;
-               }
-
-               /* pin the module */
-               if (!try_module_get(ss->module)) {
-                       ret = -ENOENT;
-                       goto out_put;
-               }
-               pinned |= 1 << i;
-       }
-
-       /* subsys could be missing if unloaded between parsing and here */
-       if (added_mask != pinned) {
-               ret = -ENOENT;
-               goto out_put;
-       }
+       for_each_subsys(ss, i)
+               if ((added_mask & (1 << i)) && ss->root != &cgroup_dummy_root)
+                       return -EBUSY;
 
        ret = cgroup_populate_dir(cgrp, added_mask);
        if (ret)
-               goto out_put;
+               return ret;
 
        /*
         * Nothing can fail from this point on.  Remove files for the
         * removed subsystems and rebind each subsystem.
         */
+       mutex_unlock(&cgroup_mutex);
        cgroup_clear_dir(cgrp, removed_mask);
+       mutex_lock(&cgroup_mutex);
 
        for_each_subsys(ss, i) {
                unsigned long bit = 1UL << i;
@@ -1057,9 +1068,6 @@ static int rebind_subsystems(struct cgroupfs_root *root,
                        RCU_INIT_POINTER(cgrp->subsys[i], NULL);
 
                        cgroup_subsys[i]->root = &cgroup_dummy_root;
-
-                       /* subsystem is now free - drop reference on module */
-                       module_put(ss->module);
                        root->subsys_mask &= ~bit;
                }
        }
@@ -1069,23 +1077,18 @@ static int rebind_subsystems(struct cgroupfs_root *root,
         * now matches the bound subsystems.
         */
        root->flags |= CGRP_ROOT_SUBSYS_BOUND;
+       kernfs_activate(cgrp->kn);
 
        return 0;
-
-out_put:
-       for_each_subsys(ss, i)
-               if (pinned & (1 << i))
-                       module_put(ss->module);
-       return ret;
 }
 
-static int cgroup_show_options(struct seq_file *seq, struct dentry *dentry)
+static int cgroup_show_options(struct seq_file *seq,
+                              struct kernfs_root *kf_root)
 {
-       struct cgroupfs_root *root = dentry->d_sb->s_fs_info;
+       struct cgroupfs_root *root = cgroup_root_from_kf(kf_root);
        struct cgroup_subsys *ss;
        int ssid;
 
-       mutex_lock(&cgroup_root_mutex);
        for_each_subsys(ss, ssid)
                if (root->subsys_mask & (1 << ssid))
                        seq_printf(seq, ",%s", ss->name);
@@ -1095,13 +1098,16 @@ static int cgroup_show_options(struct seq_file *seq, struct dentry *dentry)
                seq_puts(seq, ",noprefix");
        if (root->flags & CGRP_ROOT_XATTR)
                seq_puts(seq, ",xattr");
+
+       spin_lock(&release_agent_path_lock);
        if (strlen(root->release_agent_path))
                seq_printf(seq, ",release_agent=%s", root->release_agent_path);
+       spin_unlock(&release_agent_path_lock);
+
        if (test_bit(CGRP_CPUSET_CLONE_CHILDREN, &root->top_cgroup.flags))
                seq_puts(seq, ",clone_children");
        if (strlen(root->name))
                seq_printf(seq, ",name=%s", root->name);
-       mutex_unlock(&cgroup_root_mutex);
        return 0;
 }
 
@@ -1113,9 +1119,6 @@ struct cgroup_sb_opts {
        char *name;
        /* User explicitly requested empty subsystem */
        bool none;
-
-       struct cgroupfs_root *new_root;
-
 };
 
 /*
@@ -1135,7 +1138,7 @@ static int parse_cgroupfs_options(char *data, struct cgroup_sb_opts *opts)
        BUG_ON(!mutex_is_locked(&cgroup_mutex));
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_CPUSETS
-       mask = ~(1UL << cpuset_subsys_id);
+       mask = ~(1UL << cpuset_cgrp_id);
 #endif
 
        memset(opts, 0, sizeof(*opts));
@@ -1249,6 +1252,9 @@ static int parse_cgroupfs_options(char *data, struct cgroup_sb_opts *opts)
                        pr_err("cgroup: sane_behavior: clone_children is not allowed\n");
                        return -EINVAL;
                }
+
+               if (opts->flags & CGRP_ROOT_XATTR)
+                       pr_warning("cgroup: sane_behavior: xattr is always available, flag unnecessary\n");
        }
 
        /*
@@ -1274,11 +1280,10 @@ static int parse_cgroupfs_options(char *data, struct cgroup_sb_opts *opts)
        return 0;
 }
 
-static int cgroup_remount(struct super_block *sb, int *flags, char *data)
+static int cgroup_remount(struct kernfs_root *kf_root, int *flags, char *data)
 {
        int ret = 0;
-       struct cgroupfs_root *root = sb->s_fs_info;
-       struct cgroup *cgrp = &root->top_cgroup;
+       struct cgroupfs_root *root = cgroup_root_from_kf(kf_root);
        struct cgroup_sb_opts opts;
        unsigned long added_mask, removed_mask;
 
@@ -1287,9 +1292,8 @@ static int cgroup_remount(struct super_block *sb, int *flags, char *data)
                return -EINVAL;
        }
 
-       mutex_lock(&cgrp->dentry->d_inode->i_mutex);
+       mutex_lock(&cgroup_tree_mutex);
        mutex_lock(&cgroup_mutex);
-       mutex_lock(&cgroup_root_mutex);
 
        /* See what subsystems are wanted */
        ret = parse_cgroupfs_options(data, &opts);
@@ -1314,7 +1318,7 @@ static int cgroup_remount(struct super_block *sb, int *flags, char *data)
        }
 
        /* remounting is not allowed for populated hierarchies */
-       if (root->number_of_cgroups > 1) {
+       if (!list_empty(&root->top_cgroup.children)) {
                ret = -EBUSY;
                goto out_unlock;
        }
@@ -1323,108 +1327,55 @@ static int cgroup_remount(struct super_block *sb, int *flags, char *data)
        if (ret)
                goto out_unlock;
 
-       if (opts.release_agent)
+       if (opts.release_agent) {
+               spin_lock(&release_agent_path_lock);
                strcpy(root->release_agent_path, opts.release_agent);
+               spin_unlock(&release_agent_path_lock);
+       }
  out_unlock:
        kfree(opts.release_agent);
        kfree(opts.name);
-       mutex_unlock(&cgroup_root_mutex);
        mutex_unlock(&cgroup_mutex);
-       mutex_unlock(&cgrp->dentry->d_inode->i_mutex);
+       mutex_unlock(&cgroup_tree_mutex);
        return ret;
 }
 
-static const struct super_operations cgroup_ops = {
-       .statfs = simple_statfs,
-       .drop_inode = generic_delete_inode,
-       .show_options = cgroup_show_options,
-       .remount_fs = cgroup_remount,
-};
-
 static void init_cgroup_housekeeping(struct cgroup *cgrp)
 {
+       atomic_set(&cgrp->refcnt, 1);
        INIT_LIST_HEAD(&cgrp->sibling);
        INIT_LIST_HEAD(&cgrp->children);
-       INIT_LIST_HEAD(&cgrp->files);
        INIT_LIST_HEAD(&cgrp->cset_links);
        INIT_LIST_HEAD(&cgrp->release_list);
        INIT_LIST_HEAD(&cgrp->pidlists);
        mutex_init(&cgrp->pidlist_mutex);
        cgrp->dummy_css.cgroup = cgrp;
-       simple_xattrs_init(&cgrp->xattrs);
 }
 
 static void init_cgroup_root(struct cgroupfs_root *root)
 {
        struct cgroup *cgrp = &root->top_cgroup;
 
+       atomic_set(&root->refcnt, 1);
        INIT_LIST_HEAD(&root->root_list);
-       root->number_of_cgroups = 1;
+       atomic_set(&root->nr_cgrps, 1);
        cgrp->root = root;
-       RCU_INIT_POINTER(cgrp->name, &root_cgroup_name);
        init_cgroup_housekeeping(cgrp);
        idr_init(&root->cgroup_idr);
 }
 
-static int cgroup_init_root_id(struct cgroupfs_root *root, int start, int end)
+static struct cgroupfs_root *cgroup_root_from_opts(struct cgroup_sb_opts *opts)
 {
-       int id;
-
-       lockdep_assert_held(&cgroup_mutex);
-       lockdep_assert_held(&cgroup_root_mutex);
+       struct cgroupfs_root *root;
 
-       id = idr_alloc_cyclic(&cgroup_hierarchy_idr, root, start, end,
-                             GFP_KERNEL);
-       if (id < 0)
-               return id;
+       if (!opts->subsys_mask && !opts->none)
+               return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
 
-       root->hierarchy_id = id;
-       return 0;
-}
+       root = kzalloc(sizeof(*root), GFP_KERNEL);
+       if (!root)
+               return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
 
-static void cgroup_exit_root_id(struct cgroupfs_root *root)
-{
-       lockdep_assert_held(&cgroup_mutex);
-       lockdep_assert_held(&cgroup_root_mutex);
-
-       if (root->hierarchy_id) {
-               idr_remove(&cgroup_hierarchy_idr, root->hierarchy_id);
-               root->hierarchy_id = 0;
-       }
-}
-
-static int cgroup_test_super(struct super_block *sb, void *data)
-{
-       struct cgroup_sb_opts *opts = data;
-       struct cgroupfs_root *root = sb->s_fs_info;
-
-       /* If we asked for a name then it must match */
-       if (opts->name && strcmp(opts->name, root->name))
-               return 0;
-
-       /*
-        * If we asked for subsystems (or explicitly for no
-        * subsystems) then they must match
-        */
-       if ((opts->subsys_mask || opts->none)
-           && (opts->subsys_mask != root->subsys_mask))
-               return 0;
-
-       return 1;
-}
-
-static struct cgroupfs_root *cgroup_root_from_opts(struct cgroup_sb_opts *opts)
-{
-       struct cgroupfs_root *root;
-
-       if (!opts->subsys_mask && !opts->none)
-               return NULL;
-
-       root = kzalloc(sizeof(*root), GFP_KERNEL);
-       if (!root)
-               return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
-
-       init_cgroup_root(root);
+       init_cgroup_root(root);
 
        /*
         * We need to set @root->subsys_mask now so that @root can be
@@ -1445,291 +1396,179 @@ static struct cgroupfs_root *cgroup_root_from_opts(struct cgroup_sb_opts *opts)
        return root;
 }
 
-static void cgroup_free_root(struct cgroupfs_root *root)
+static int cgroup_setup_root(struct cgroupfs_root *root)
 {
-       if (root) {
-               /* hierarhcy ID shoulid already have been released */
-               WARN_ON_ONCE(root->hierarchy_id);
-
-               idr_destroy(&root->cgroup_idr);
-               kfree(root);
-       }
-}
+       LIST_HEAD(tmp_links);
+       struct cgroup *root_cgrp = &root->top_cgroup;
+       struct css_set *cset;
+       int i, ret;
 
-static int cgroup_set_super(struct super_block *sb, void *data)
-{
-       int ret;
-       struct cgroup_sb_opts *opts = data;
+       lockdep_assert_held(&cgroup_tree_mutex);
+       lockdep_assert_held(&cgroup_mutex);
 
-       /* If we don't have a new root, we can't set up a new sb */
-       if (!opts->new_root)
-               return -EINVAL;
+       ret = idr_alloc(&root->cgroup_idr, root_cgrp, 0, 1, GFP_KERNEL);
+       if (ret < 0)
+               goto out;
+       root_cgrp->id = ret;
 
-       BUG_ON(!opts->subsys_mask && !opts->none);
+       /*
+        * We're accessing css_set_count without locking css_set_lock here,
+        * but that's OK - it can only be increased by someone holding
+        * cgroup_lock, and that's us. The worst that can happen is that we
+        * have some link structures left over
+        */
+       ret = allocate_cgrp_cset_links(css_set_count, &tmp_links);
+       if (ret)
+               goto out;
 
-       ret = set_anon_super(sb, NULL);
+       /* ID 0 is reserved for dummy root, 1 for unified hierarchy */
+       ret = cgroup_init_root_id(root, 2, 0);
        if (ret)
-               return ret;
+               goto out;
 
-       sb->s_fs_info = opts->new_root;
-       opts->new_root->sb = sb;
+       root->kf_root = kernfs_create_root(&cgroup_kf_syscall_ops,
+                                          KERNFS_ROOT_CREATE_DEACTIVATED,
+                                          root_cgrp);
+       if (IS_ERR(root->kf_root)) {
+               ret = PTR_ERR(root->kf_root);
+               goto exit_root_id;
+       }
+       root_cgrp->kn = root->kf_root->kn;
 
-       sb->s_blocksize = PAGE_CACHE_SIZE;
-       sb->s_blocksize_bits = PAGE_CACHE_SHIFT;
-       sb->s_magic = CGROUP_SUPER_MAGIC;
-       sb->s_op = &cgroup_ops;
+       ret = cgroup_addrm_files(root_cgrp, cgroup_base_files, true);
+       if (ret)
+               goto destroy_root;
 
-       return 0;
-}
+       ret = rebind_subsystems(root, root->subsys_mask, 0);
+       if (ret)
+               goto destroy_root;
 
-static int cgroup_get_rootdir(struct super_block *sb)
-{
-       static const struct dentry_operations cgroup_dops = {
-               .d_iput = cgroup_diput,
-               .d_delete = always_delete_dentry,
-       };
+       /*
+        * There must be no failure case after here, since rebinding takes
+        * care of subsystems' refcounts, which are explicitly dropped in
+        * the failure exit path.
+        */
+       list_add(&root->root_list, &cgroup_roots);
+       cgroup_root_count++;
+
+       /*
+        * Link the top cgroup in this hierarchy into all the css_set
+        * objects.
+        */
+       write_lock(&css_set_lock);
+       hash_for_each(css_set_table, i, cset, hlist)
+               link_css_set(&tmp_links, cset, root_cgrp);
+       write_unlock(&css_set_lock);
 
-       struct inode *inode =
-               cgroup_new_inode(S_IFDIR | S_IRUGO | S_IXUGO | S_IWUSR, sb);
+       BUG_ON(!list_empty(&root_cgrp->children));
+       BUG_ON(atomic_read(&root->nr_cgrps) != 1);
 
-       if (!inode)
-               return -ENOMEM;
+       kernfs_activate(root_cgrp->kn);
+       ret = 0;
+       goto out;
 
-       inode->i_fop = &simple_dir_operations;
-       inode->i_op = &cgroup_dir_inode_operations;
-       /* directories start off with i_nlink == 2 (for "." entry) */
-       inc_nlink(inode);
-       sb->s_root = d_make_root(inode);
-       if (!sb->s_root)
-               return -ENOMEM;
-       /* for everything else we want ->d_op set */
-       sb->s_d_op = &cgroup_dops;
-       return 0;
+destroy_root:
+       kernfs_destroy_root(root->kf_root);
+       root->kf_root = NULL;
+exit_root_id:
+       cgroup_exit_root_id(root);
+out:
+       free_cgrp_cset_links(&tmp_links);
+       return ret;
 }
 
 static struct dentry *cgroup_mount(struct file_system_type *fs_type,
                         int flags, const char *unused_dev_name,
                         void *data)
 {
-       struct cgroup_sb_opts opts;
        struct cgroupfs_root *root;
-       int ret = 0;
-       struct super_block *sb;
-       struct cgroupfs_root *new_root;
-       struct list_head tmp_links;
-       struct inode *inode;
-       const struct cred *cred;
+       struct cgroup_sb_opts opts;
+       struct dentry *dentry;
+       int ret;
 
-       /* First find the desired set of subsystems */
+       mutex_lock(&cgroup_tree_mutex);
        mutex_lock(&cgroup_mutex);
+
+       /* First find the desired set of subsystems */
        ret = parse_cgroupfs_options(data, &opts);
-       mutex_unlock(&cgroup_mutex);
        if (ret)
-               goto out_err;
-
-       /*
-        * Allocate a new cgroup root. We may not need it if we're
-        * reusing an existing hierarchy.
-        */
-       new_root = cgroup_root_from_opts(&opts);
-       if (IS_ERR(new_root)) {
-               ret = PTR_ERR(new_root);
-               goto out_err;
-       }
-       opts.new_root = new_root;
-
-       /* Locate an existing or new sb for this hierarchy */
-       sb = sget(fs_type, cgroup_test_super, cgroup_set_super, 0, &opts);
-       if (IS_ERR(sb)) {
-               ret = PTR_ERR(sb);
-               cgroup_free_root(opts.new_root);
-               goto out_err;
-       }
-
-       root = sb->s_fs_info;
-       BUG_ON(!root);
-       if (root == opts.new_root) {
-               /* We used the new root structure, so this is a new hierarchy */
-               struct cgroup *root_cgrp = &root->top_cgroup;
-               struct cgroupfs_root *existing_root;
-               int i;
-               struct css_set *cset;
-
-               BUG_ON(sb->s_root != NULL);
-
-               ret = cgroup_get_rootdir(sb);
-               if (ret)
-                       goto drop_new_super;
-               inode = sb->s_root->d_inode;
-
-               mutex_lock(&inode->i_mutex);
-               mutex_lock(&cgroup_mutex);
-               mutex_lock(&cgroup_root_mutex);
-
-               root_cgrp->id = idr_alloc(&root->cgroup_idr, root_cgrp,
-                                          0, 1, GFP_KERNEL);
-               if (root_cgrp->id < 0)
-                       goto unlock_drop;
-
-               /* Check for name clashes with existing mounts */
-               ret = -EBUSY;
-               if (strlen(root->name))
-                       for_each_active_root(existing_root)
-                               if (!strcmp(existing_root->name, root->name))
-                                       goto unlock_drop;
-
-               /*
-                * We're accessing css_set_count without locking
-                * css_set_lock here, but that's OK - it can only be
-                * increased by someone holding cgroup_lock, and
-                * that's us. The worst that can happen is that we
-                * have some link structures left over
-                */
-               ret = allocate_cgrp_cset_links(css_set_count, &tmp_links);
-               if (ret)
-                       goto unlock_drop;
-
-               /* ID 0 is reserved for dummy root, 1 for unified hierarchy */
-               ret = cgroup_init_root_id(root, 2, 0);
-               if (ret)
-                       goto unlock_drop;
-
-               sb->s_root->d_fsdata = root_cgrp;
-               root_cgrp->dentry = sb->s_root;
-
-               /*
-                * We're inside get_sb() and will call lookup_one_len() to
-                * create the root files, which doesn't work if SELinux is
-                * in use.  The following cred dancing somehow works around
-                * it.  See 2ce9738ba ("cgroupfs: use init_cred when
-                * populating new cgroupfs mount") for more details.
-                */
-               cred = override_creds(&init_cred);
-
-               ret = cgroup_addrm_files(root_cgrp, cgroup_base_files, true);
-               if (ret)
-                       goto rm_base_files;
-
-               ret = rebind_subsystems(root, root->subsys_mask, 0);
-               if (ret)
-                       goto rm_base_files;
+               goto out_unlock;
 
-               revert_creds(cred);
+       /* look for a matching existing root */
+       for_each_active_root(root) {
+               bool name_match = false;
 
                /*
-                * There must be no failure case after here, since rebinding
-                * takes care of subsystems' refcounts, which are explicitly
-                * dropped in the failure exit path.
+                * If we asked for a name then it must match.  Also, if
+                * name matches but sybsys_mask doesn't, we should fail.
+                * Remember whether name matched.
                 */
+               if (opts.name) {
+                       if (strcmp(opts.name, root->name))
+                               continue;
+                       name_match = true;
+               }
 
-               list_add(&root->root_list, &cgroup_roots);
-               cgroup_root_count++;
-
-               /* Link the top cgroup in this hierarchy into all
-                * the css_set objects */
-               write_lock(&css_set_lock);
-               hash_for_each(css_set_table, i, cset, hlist)
-                       link_css_set(&tmp_links, cset, root_cgrp);
-               write_unlock(&css_set_lock);
-
-               free_cgrp_cset_links(&tmp_links);
-
-               BUG_ON(!list_empty(&root_cgrp->children));
-               BUG_ON(root->number_of_cgroups != 1);
-
-               mutex_unlock(&cgroup_root_mutex);
-               mutex_unlock(&cgroup_mutex);
-               mutex_unlock(&inode->i_mutex);
-       } else {
                /*
-                * We re-used an existing hierarchy - the new root (if
-                * any) is not needed
+                * If we asked for subsystems (or explicitly for no
+                * subsystems) then they must match.
                 */
-               cgroup_free_root(opts.new_root);
+               if ((opts.subsys_mask || opts.none) &&
+                   (opts.subsys_mask != root->subsys_mask)) {
+                       if (!name_match)
+                               continue;
+                       ret = -EBUSY;
+                       goto out_unlock;
+               }
 
                if ((root->flags ^ opts.flags) & CGRP_ROOT_OPTION_MASK) {
                        if ((root->flags | opts.flags) & CGRP_ROOT_SANE_BEHAVIOR) {
                                pr_err("cgroup: sane_behavior: new mount options should match the existing superblock\n");
                                ret = -EINVAL;
-                               goto drop_new_super;
+                               goto out_unlock;
                        } else {
                                pr_warning("cgroup: new mount options do not match the existing superblock, will be ignored\n");
                        }
                }
+
+               cgroup_get_root(root);
+               goto out_unlock;
        }
 
-       kfree(opts.release_agent);
-       kfree(opts.name);
-       return dget(sb->s_root);
+       /* no such thing, create a new one */
+       root = cgroup_root_from_opts(&opts);
+       if (IS_ERR(root)) {
+               ret = PTR_ERR(root);
+               goto out_unlock;
+       }
 
- rm_base_files:
-       free_cgrp_cset_links(&tmp_links);
-       cgroup_addrm_files(&root->top_cgroup, cgroup_base_files, false);
-       revert_creds(cred);
- unlock_drop:
-       cgroup_exit_root_id(root);
-       mutex_unlock(&cgroup_root_mutex);
+       ret = cgroup_setup_root(root);
+       if (ret)
+               cgroup_free_root(root);
+
+out_unlock:
        mutex_unlock(&cgroup_mutex);
-       mutex_unlock(&inode->i_mutex);
- drop_new_super:
-       deactivate_locked_super(sb);
- out_err:
+       mutex_unlock(&cgroup_tree_mutex);
+
        kfree(opts.release_agent);
        kfree(opts.name);
-       return ERR_PTR(ret);
+
+       if (ret)
+               return ERR_PTR(ret);
+
+       dentry = kernfs_mount(fs_type, flags, root->kf_root);
+       if (IS_ERR(dentry))
+               cgroup_put_root(root);
+       return dentry;
 }
 
 static void cgroup_kill_sb(struct super_block *sb)
 {
-       struct cgroupfs_root *root = sb->s_fs_info;
-       struct cgroup *cgrp = &root->top_cgroup;
-       struct cgrp_cset_link *link, *tmp_link;
-       int ret;
-
-       BUG_ON(!root);
-
-       BUG_ON(root->number_of_cgroups != 1);
-       BUG_ON(!list_empty(&cgrp->children));
+       struct kernfs_root *kf_root = kernfs_root_from_sb(sb);
+       struct cgroupfs_root *root = cgroup_root_from_kf(kf_root);
 
-       mutex_lock(&cgrp->dentry->d_inode->i_mutex);
-       mutex_lock(&cgroup_mutex);
-       mutex_lock(&cgroup_root_mutex);
-
-       /* Rebind all subsystems back to the default hierarchy */
-       if (root->flags & CGRP_ROOT_SUBSYS_BOUND) {
-               ret = rebind_subsystems(root, 0, root->subsys_mask);
-               /* Shouldn't be able to fail ... */
-               BUG_ON(ret);
-       }
-
-       /*
-        * Release all the links from cset_links to this hierarchy's
-        * root cgroup
-        */
-       write_lock(&css_set_lock);
-
-       list_for_each_entry_safe(link, tmp_link, &cgrp->cset_links, cset_link) {
-               list_del(&link->cset_link);
-               list_del(&link->cgrp_link);
-               kfree(link);
-       }
-       write_unlock(&css_set_lock);
-
-       if (!list_empty(&root->root_list)) {
-               list_del(&root->root_list);
-               cgroup_root_count--;
-       }
-
-       cgroup_exit_root_id(root);
-
-       mutex_unlock(&cgroup_root_mutex);
-       mutex_unlock(&cgroup_mutex);
-       mutex_unlock(&cgrp->dentry->d_inode->i_mutex);
-
-       simple_xattrs_free(&cgrp->xattrs);
-
-       kill_litter_super(sb);
-       cgroup_free_root(root);
+       cgroup_put_root(root);
+       kernfs_kill_sb(sb);
 }
 
 static struct file_system_type cgroup_fs_type = {
@@ -1740,57 +1579,6 @@ static struct file_system_type cgroup_fs_type = {
 
 static struct kobject *cgroup_kobj;
 
-/**
- * cgroup_path - generate the path of a cgroup
- * @cgrp: the cgroup in question
- * @buf: the buffer to write the path into
- * @buflen: the length of the buffer
- *
- * Writes path of cgroup into buf.  Returns 0 on success, -errno on error.
- *
- * We can't generate cgroup path using dentry->d_name, as accessing
- * dentry->name must be protected by irq-unsafe dentry->d_lock or parent
- * inode's i_mutex, while on the other hand cgroup_path() can be called
- * with some irq-safe spinlocks held.
- */
-int cgroup_path(const struct cgroup *cgrp, char *buf, int buflen)
-{
-       int ret = -ENAMETOOLONG;
-       char *start;
-
-       if (!cgrp->parent) {
-               if (strlcpy(buf, "/", buflen) >= buflen)
-                       return -ENAMETOOLONG;
-               return 0;
-       }
-
-       start = buf + buflen - 1;
-       *start = '\0';
-
-       rcu_read_lock();
-       do {
-               const char *name = cgroup_name(cgrp);
-               int len;
-
-               len = strlen(name);
-               if ((start -= len) < buf)
-                       goto out;
-               memcpy(start, name, len);
-
-               if (--start < buf)
-                       goto out;
-               *start = '/';
-
-               cgrp = cgrp->parent;
-       } while (cgrp->parent);
-       ret = 0;
-       memmove(buf, start, buf + buflen - start);
-out:
-       rcu_read_unlock();
-       return ret;
-}
-EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(cgroup_path);
-
 /**
  * task_cgroup_path - cgroup path of a task in the first cgroup hierarchy
  * @task: target task
@@ -1802,16 +1590,14 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(cgroup_path);
  * function grabs cgroup_mutex and shouldn't be used inside locks used by
  * cgroup controller callbacks.
  *
- * Returns 0 on success, fails with -%ENAMETOOLONG if @buflen is too short.
+ * Return value is the same as kernfs_path().
  */
-int task_cgroup_path(struct task_struct *task, char *buf, size_t buflen)
+char *task_cgroup_path(struct task_struct *task, char *buf, size_t buflen)
 {
        struct cgroupfs_root *root;
        struct cgroup *cgrp;
-       int hierarchy_id = 1, ret = 0;
-
-       if (buflen < 2)
-               return -ENAMETOOLONG;
+       int hierarchy_id = 1;
+       char *path = NULL;
 
        mutex_lock(&cgroup_mutex);
 
@@ -1819,14 +1605,15 @@ int task_cgroup_path(struct task_struct *task, char *buf, size_t buflen)
 
        if (root) {
                cgrp = task_cgroup_from_root(task, root);
-               ret = cgroup_path(cgrp, buf, buflen);
+               path = cgroup_path(cgrp, buf, buflen);
        } else {
                /* if no hierarchy exists, everyone is in "/" */
-               memcpy(buf, "/", 2);
+               if (strlcpy(buf, "/", buflen) < buflen)
+                       path = buf;
        }
 
        mutex_unlock(&cgroup_mutex);
-       return ret;
+       return path;
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(task_cgroup_path);
 
@@ -2228,14 +2015,15 @@ static int cgroup_procs_write(struct cgroup_subsys_state *css,
 static int cgroup_release_agent_write(struct cgroup_subsys_state *css,
                                      struct cftype *cft, const char *buffer)
 {
-       BUILD_BUG_ON(sizeof(css->cgroup->root->release_agent_path) < PATH_MAX);
-       if (strlen(buffer) >= PATH_MAX)
-               return -EINVAL;
+       struct cgroupfs_root *root = css->cgroup->root;
+
+       BUILD_BUG_ON(sizeof(root->release_agent_path) < PATH_MAX);
        if (!cgroup_lock_live_group(css->cgroup))
                return -ENODEV;
-       mutex_lock(&cgroup_root_mutex);
-       strcpy(css->cgroup->root->release_agent_path, buffer);
-       mutex_unlock(&cgroup_root_mutex);
+       spin_lock(&release_agent_path_lock);
+       strlcpy(root->release_agent_path, buffer,
+               sizeof(root->release_agent_path));
+       spin_unlock(&release_agent_path_lock);
        mutex_unlock(&cgroup_mutex);
        return 0;
 }
@@ -2260,32 +2048,23 @@ static int cgroup_sane_behavior_show(struct seq_file *seq, void *v)
        return 0;
 }
 
-/* A buffer size big enough for numbers or short strings */
-#define CGROUP_LOCAL_BUFFER_SIZE 64
-
-static ssize_t cgroup_file_write(struct file *file, const char __user *userbuf,
-                                size_t nbytes, loff_t *ppos)
+static ssize_t cgroup_file_write(struct kernfs_open_file *of, char *buf,
+                                size_t nbytes, loff_t off)
 {
-       struct cfent *cfe = __d_cfe(file->f_dentry);
-       struct cftype *cft = __d_cft(file->f_dentry);
-       struct cgroup_subsys_state *css = cfe->css;
-       size_t max_bytes = cft->max_write_len ?: CGROUP_LOCAL_BUFFER_SIZE - 1;
-       char *buf;
+       struct cgroup *cgrp = of->kn->parent->priv;
+       struct cftype *cft = of->kn->priv;
+       struct cgroup_subsys_state *css;
        int ret;
 
-       if (nbytes >= max_bytes)
-               return -E2BIG;
-
-       buf = kmalloc(nbytes + 1, GFP_KERNEL);
-       if (!buf)
-               return -ENOMEM;
-
-       if (copy_from_user(buf, userbuf, nbytes)) {
-               ret = -EFAULT;
-               goto out_free;
-       }
-
-       buf[nbytes] = '\0';
+       /*
+        * kernfs guarantees that a file isn't deleted with operations in
+        * flight, which means that the matching css is and stays alive and
+        * doesn't need to be pinned.  The RCU locking is not necessary
+        * either.  It's just for the convenience of using cgroup_css().
+        */
+       rcu_read_lock();
+       css = cgroup_css(cgrp, cft->ss);
+       rcu_read_unlock();
 
        if (cft->write_string) {
                ret = cft->write_string(css, cft, strstrip(buf));
@@ -2304,53 +2083,23 @@ static ssize_t cgroup_file_write(struct file *file, const char __user *userbuf,
        } else {
                ret = -EINVAL;
        }
-out_free:
-       kfree(buf);
+
        return ret ?: nbytes;
 }
 
-/*
- * seqfile ops/methods for returning structured data. Currently just
- * supports string->u64 maps, but can be extended in future.
- */
-
 static void *cgroup_seqfile_start(struct seq_file *seq, loff_t *ppos)
 {
-       struct cftype *cft = seq_cft(seq);
-
-       if (cft->seq_start) {
-               return cft->seq_start(seq, ppos);
-       } else {
-               /*
-                * The same behavior and code as single_open().  Returns
-                * !NULL if pos is at the beginning; otherwise, NULL.
-                */
-               return NULL + !*ppos;
-       }
+       return seq_cft(seq)->seq_start(seq, ppos);
 }
 
 static void *cgroup_seqfile_next(struct seq_file *seq, void *v, loff_t *ppos)
 {
-       struct cftype *cft = seq_cft(seq);
-
-       if (cft->seq_next) {
-               return cft->seq_next(seq, v, ppos);
-       } else {
-               /*
-                * The same behavior and code as single_open(), always
-                * terminate after the initial read.
-                */
-               ++*ppos;
-               return NULL;
-       }
+       return seq_cft(seq)->seq_next(seq, v, ppos);
 }
 
 static void cgroup_seqfile_stop(struct seq_file *seq, void *v)
 {
-       struct cftype *cft = seq_cft(seq);
-
-       if (cft->seq_stop)
-               cft->seq_stop(seq, v);
+       seq_cft(seq)->seq_stop(seq, v);
 }
 
 static int cgroup_seqfile_show(struct seq_file *m, void *arg)
@@ -2370,96 +2119,35 @@ static int cgroup_seqfile_show(struct seq_file *m, void *arg)
        return 0;
 }
 
-static struct seq_operations cgroup_seq_operations = {
-       .start          = cgroup_seqfile_start,
-       .next           = cgroup_seqfile_next,
-       .stop           = cgroup_seqfile_stop,
-       .show           = cgroup_seqfile_show,
+static struct kernfs_ops cgroup_kf_single_ops = {
+       .atomic_write_len       = PAGE_SIZE,
+       .write                  = cgroup_file_write,
+       .seq_show               = cgroup_seqfile_show,
 };
 
-static int cgroup_file_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
-{
-       struct cfent *cfe = __d_cfe(file->f_dentry);
-       struct cftype *cft = __d_cft(file->f_dentry);
-       struct cgroup *cgrp = __d_cgrp(cfe->dentry->d_parent);
-       struct cgroup_subsys_state *css;
-       struct cgroup_open_file *of;
-       int err;
-
-       err = generic_file_open(inode, file);
-       if (err)
-               return err;
-
-       /*
-        * If the file belongs to a subsystem, pin the css.  Will be
-        * unpinned either on open failure or release.  This ensures that
-        * @css stays alive for all file operations.
-        */
-       rcu_read_lock();
-       css = cgroup_css(cgrp, cft->ss);
-       if (cft->ss && !css_tryget(css))
-               css = NULL;
-       rcu_read_unlock();
-
-       if (!css)
-               return -ENODEV;
-
-       /*
-        * @cfe->css is used by read/write/close to determine the
-        * associated css.  @file->private_data would be a better place but
-        * that's already used by seqfile.  Multiple accessors may use it
-        * simultaneously which is okay as the association never changes.
-        */
-       WARN_ON_ONCE(cfe->css && cfe->css != css);
-       cfe->css = css;
-
-       of = __seq_open_private(file, &cgroup_seq_operations,
-                               sizeof(struct cgroup_open_file));
-       if (of) {
-               of->cfe = cfe;
-               return 0;
-       }
-
-       if (css->ss)
-               css_put(css);
-       return -ENOMEM;
-}
-
-static int cgroup_file_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
-{
-       struct cfent *cfe = __d_cfe(file->f_dentry);
-       struct cgroup_subsys_state *css = cfe->css;
-
-       if (css->ss)
-               css_put(css);
-       return seq_release_private(inode, file);
-}
+static struct kernfs_ops cgroup_kf_ops = {
+       .atomic_write_len       = PAGE_SIZE,
+       .write                  = cgroup_file_write,
+       .seq_start              = cgroup_seqfile_start,
+       .seq_next               = cgroup_seqfile_next,
+       .seq_stop               = cgroup_seqfile_stop,
+       .seq_show               = cgroup_seqfile_show,
+};
 
 /*
  * cgroup_rename - Only allow simple rename of directories in place.
  */
-static int cgroup_rename(struct inode *old_dir, struct dentry *old_dentry,
-                           struct inode *new_dir, struct dentry *new_dentry)
+static int cgroup_rename(struct kernfs_node *kn, struct kernfs_node *new_parent,
+                        const char *new_name_str)
 {
+       struct cgroup *cgrp = kn->priv;
        int ret;
-       struct cgroup_name *name, *old_name;
-       struct cgroup *cgrp;
-
-       /*
-        * It's convinient to use parent dir's i_mutex to protected
-        * cgrp->name.
-        */
-       lockdep_assert_held(&old_dir->i_mutex);
 
-       if (!S_ISDIR(old_dentry->d_inode->i_mode))
+       if (kernfs_type(kn) != KERNFS_DIR)
                return -ENOTDIR;
-       if (new_dentry->d_inode)
-               return -EEXIST;
-       if (old_dir != new_dir)
+       if (kn->parent != new_parent)
                return -EIO;
 
-       cgrp = __d_cgrp(old_dentry);
-
        /*
         * This isn't a proper migration and its usefulness is very
         * limited.  Disallow if sane_behavior.
@@ -2467,218 +2155,31 @@ static int cgroup_rename(struct inode *old_dir, struct dentry *old_dentry,
        if (cgroup_sane_behavior(cgrp))
                return -EPERM;
 
-       name = cgroup_alloc_name(new_dentry);
-       if (!name)
-               return -ENOMEM;
-
-       ret = simple_rename(old_dir, old_dentry, new_dir, new_dentry);
-       if (ret) {
-               kfree(name);
-               return ret;
-       }
-
-       old_name = rcu_dereference_protected(cgrp->name, true);
-       rcu_assign_pointer(cgrp->name, name);
-
-       kfree_rcu(old_name, rcu_head);
-       return 0;
-}
-
-static struct simple_xattrs *__d_xattrs(struct dentry *dentry)
-{
-       if (S_ISDIR(dentry->d_inode->i_mode))
-               return &__d_cgrp(dentry)->xattrs;
-       else
-               return &__d_cfe(dentry)->xattrs;
-}
-
-static inline int xattr_enabled(struct dentry *dentry)
-{
-       struct cgroupfs_root *root = dentry->d_sb->s_fs_info;
-       return root->flags & CGRP_ROOT_XATTR;
-}
-
-static bool is_valid_xattr(const char *name)
-{
-       if (!strncmp(name, XATTR_TRUSTED_PREFIX, XATTR_TRUSTED_PREFIX_LEN) ||
-           !strncmp(name, XATTR_SECURITY_PREFIX, XATTR_SECURITY_PREFIX_LEN))
-               return true;
-       return false;
-}
-
-static int cgroup_setxattr(struct dentry *dentry, const char *name,
-                          const void *val, size_t size, int flags)
-{
-       if (!xattr_enabled(dentry))
-               return -EOPNOTSUPP;
-       if (!is_valid_xattr(name))
-               return -EINVAL;
-       return simple_xattr_set(__d_xattrs(dentry), name, val, size, flags);
-}
-
-static int cgroup_removexattr(struct dentry *dentry, const char *name)
-{
-       if (!xattr_enabled(dentry))
-               return -EOPNOTSUPP;
-       if (!is_valid_xattr(name))
-               return -EINVAL;
-       return simple_xattr_remove(__d_xattrs(dentry), name);
-}
-
-static ssize_t cgroup_getxattr(struct dentry *dentry, const char *name,
-                              void *buf, size_t size)
-{
-       if (!xattr_enabled(dentry))
-               return -EOPNOTSUPP;
-       if (!is_valid_xattr(name))
-               return -EINVAL;
-       return simple_xattr_get(__d_xattrs(dentry), name, buf, size);
-}
-
-static ssize_t cgroup_listxattr(struct dentry *dentry, char *buf, size_t size)
-{
-       if (!xattr_enabled(dentry))
-               return -EOPNOTSUPP;
-       return simple_xattr_list(__d_xattrs(dentry), buf, size);
-}
-
-static const struct file_operations cgroup_file_operations = {
-       .read = seq_read,
-       .write = cgroup_file_write,
-       .llseek = generic_file_llseek,
-       .open = cgroup_file_open,
-       .release = cgroup_file_release,
-};
-
-static const struct inode_operations cgroup_file_inode_operations = {
-       .setxattr = cgroup_setxattr,
-       .getxattr = cgroup_getxattr,
-       .listxattr = cgroup_listxattr,
-       .removexattr = cgroup_removexattr,
-};
-
-static const struct inode_operations cgroup_dir_inode_operations = {
-       .lookup = simple_lookup,
-       .mkdir = cgroup_mkdir,
-       .rmdir = cgroup_rmdir,
-       .rename = cgroup_rename,
-       .setxattr = cgroup_setxattr,
-       .getxattr = cgroup_getxattr,
-       .listxattr = cgroup_listxattr,
-       .removexattr = cgroup_removexattr,
-};
-
-static int cgroup_create_file(struct dentry *dentry, umode_t mode,
-                               struct super_block *sb)
-{
-       struct inode *inode;
-
-       if (!dentry)
-               return -ENOENT;
-       if (dentry->d_inode)
-               return -EEXIST;
-
-       inode = cgroup_new_inode(mode, sb);
-       if (!inode)
-               return -ENOMEM;
-
-       if (S_ISDIR(mode)) {
-               inode->i_op = &cgroup_dir_inode_operations;
-               inode->i_fop = &simple_dir_operations;
-
-               /* start off with i_nlink == 2 (for "." entry) */
-               inc_nlink(inode);
-               inc_nlink(dentry->d_parent->d_inode);
-
-               /*
-                * Control reaches here with cgroup_mutex held.
-                * @inode->i_mutex should nest outside cgroup_mutex but we
-                * want to populate it immediately without releasing
-                * cgroup_mutex.  As @inode isn't visible to anyone else
-                * yet, trylock will always succeed without affecting
-                * lockdep checks.
-                */
-               WARN_ON_ONCE(!mutex_trylock(&inode->i_mutex));
-       } else if (S_ISREG(mode)) {
-               inode->i_size = 0;
-               inode->i_fop = &cgroup_file_operations;
-               inode->i_op = &cgroup_file_inode_operations;
-       }
-       d_instantiate(dentry, inode);
-       dget(dentry);   /* Extra count - pin the dentry in core */
-       return 0;
-}
-
-/**
- * cgroup_file_mode - deduce file mode of a control file
- * @cft: the control file in question
- *
- * returns cft->mode if ->mode is not 0
- * returns S_IRUGO|S_IWUSR if it has both a read and a write handler
- * returns S_IRUGO if it has only a read handler
- * returns S_IWUSR if it has only a write hander
- */
-static umode_t cgroup_file_mode(const struct cftype *cft)
-{
-       umode_t mode = 0;
-
-       if (cft->mode)
-               return cft->mode;
-
-       if (cft->read_u64 || cft->read_s64 || cft->seq_show)
-               mode |= S_IRUGO;
+       mutex_lock(&cgroup_tree_mutex);
+       mutex_lock(&cgroup_mutex);
 
-       if (cft->write_u64 || cft->write_s64 || cft->write_string ||
-           cft->trigger)
-               mode |= S_IWUSR;
+       ret = kernfs_rename(kn, new_parent, new_name_str);
 
-       return mode;
+       mutex_unlock(&cgroup_mutex);
+       mutex_unlock(&cgroup_tree_mutex);
+       return ret;
 }
 
 static int cgroup_add_file(struct cgroup *cgrp, struct cftype *cft)
 {
-       struct dentry *dir = cgrp->dentry;
-       struct cgroup *parent = __d_cgrp(dir);
-       struct dentry *dentry;
-       struct cfent *cfe;
-       int error;
-       umode_t mode;
-       char name[MAX_CGROUP_TYPE_NAMELEN + MAX_CFTYPE_NAME + 2] = { 0 };
+       char name[CGROUP_FILE_NAME_MAX];
+       struct kernfs_node *kn;
+       struct lock_class_key *key = NULL;
 
-       if (cft->ss && !(cft->flags & CFTYPE_NO_PREFIX) &&
-           !(cgrp->root->flags & CGRP_ROOT_NOPREFIX)) {
-               strcpy(name, cft->ss->name);
-               strcat(name, ".");
-       }
-       strcat(name, cft->name);
-
-       BUG_ON(!mutex_is_locked(&dir->d_inode->i_mutex));
-
-       cfe = kzalloc(sizeof(*cfe), GFP_KERNEL);
-       if (!cfe)
-               return -ENOMEM;
-
-       dentry = lookup_one_len(name, dir, strlen(name));
-       if (IS_ERR(dentry)) {
-               error = PTR_ERR(dentry);
-               goto out;
-       }
-
-       cfe->type = (void *)cft;
-       cfe->dentry = dentry;
-       dentry->d_fsdata = cfe;
-       simple_xattrs_init(&cfe->xattrs);
-
-       mode = cgroup_file_mode(cft);
-       error = cgroup_create_file(dentry, mode | S_IFREG, cgrp->root->sb);
-       if (!error) {
-               list_add_tail(&cfe->node, &parent->files);
-               cfe = NULL;
-       }
-       dput(dentry);
-out:
-       kfree(cfe);
-       return error;
+#ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_LOCK_ALLOC
+       key = &cft->lockdep_key;
+#endif
+       kn = __kernfs_create_file(cgrp->kn, cgroup_file_name(cgrp, cft, name),
+                                 cgroup_file_mode(cft), 0, cft->kf_ops, cft,
+                                 NULL, false, key);
+       if (IS_ERR(kn))
+               return PTR_ERR(kn);
+       return 0;
 }
 
 /**
@@ -2698,8 +2199,7 @@ static int cgroup_addrm_files(struct cgroup *cgrp, struct cftype cfts[],
        struct cftype *cft;
        int ret;
 
-       lockdep_assert_held(&cgrp->dentry->d_inode->i_mutex);
-       lockdep_assert_held(&cgroup_mutex);
+       lockdep_assert_held(&cgroup_tree_mutex);
 
        for (cft = cfts; cft->name[0] != '\0'; cft++) {
                /* does cft->flags tell us to skip this file on @cgrp? */
@@ -2724,76 +2224,115 @@ static int cgroup_addrm_files(struct cgroup *cgrp, struct cftype cfts[],
        return 0;
 }
 
-static void cgroup_cfts_prepare(void)
-       __acquires(&cgroup_mutex)
-{
-       /*
-        * Thanks to the entanglement with vfs inode locking, we can't walk
-        * the existing cgroups under cgroup_mutex and create files.
-        * Instead, we use css_for_each_descendant_pre() and drop RCU read
-        * lock before calling cgroup_addrm_files().
-        */
-       mutex_lock(&cgroup_mutex);
-}
-
-static int cgroup_cfts_commit(struct cftype *cfts, bool is_add)
-       __releases(&cgroup_mutex)
+static int cgroup_apply_cftypes(struct cftype *cfts, bool is_add)
 {
        LIST_HEAD(pending);
        struct cgroup_subsys *ss = cfts[0].ss;
        struct cgroup *root = &ss->root->top_cgroup;
-       struct super_block *sb = ss->root->sb;
-       struct dentry *prev = NULL;
-       struct inode *inode;
        struct cgroup_subsys_state *css;
-       u64 update_before;
        int ret = 0;
 
-       /* %NULL @cfts indicates abort and don't bother if @ss isn't attached */
-       if (!cfts || ss->root == &cgroup_dummy_root ||
-           !atomic_inc_not_zero(&sb->s_active)) {
-               mutex_unlock(&cgroup_mutex);
-               return 0;
-       }
-
-       /*
-        * All cgroups which are created after we drop cgroup_mutex will
-        * have the updated set of files, so we only need to update the
-        * cgroups created before the current @cgroup_serial_nr_next.
-        */
-       update_before = cgroup_serial_nr_next;
+       lockdep_assert_held(&cgroup_tree_mutex);
 
-       mutex_unlock(&cgroup_mutex);
+       /* don't bother if @ss isn't attached */
+       if (ss->root == &cgroup_dummy_root)
+               return 0;
 
        /* add/rm files for all cgroups created before */
-       rcu_read_lock();
        css_for_each_descendant_pre(css, cgroup_css(root, ss)) {
                struct cgroup *cgrp = css->cgroup;
 
                if (cgroup_is_dead(cgrp))
                        continue;
 
-               inode = cgrp->dentry->d_inode;
-               dget(cgrp->dentry);
-               rcu_read_unlock();
+               ret = cgroup_addrm_files(cgrp, cfts, is_add);
+               if (ret)
+                       break;
+       }
+
+       if (is_add && !ret)
+               kernfs_activate(root->kn);
+       return ret;
+}
+
+static void cgroup_exit_cftypes(struct cftype *cfts)
+{
+       struct cftype *cft;
+
+       for (cft = cfts; cft->name[0] != '\0'; cft++) {
+               /* free copy for custom atomic_write_len, see init_cftypes() */
+               if (cft->max_write_len && cft->max_write_len != PAGE_SIZE)
+                       kfree(cft->kf_ops);
+               cft->kf_ops = NULL;
+               cft->ss = NULL;
+       }
+}
+
+static int cgroup_init_cftypes(struct cgroup_subsys *ss, struct cftype *cfts)
+{
+       struct cftype *cft;
+
+       for (cft = cfts; cft->name[0] != '\0'; cft++) {
+               struct kernfs_ops *kf_ops;
+
+               WARN_ON(cft->ss || cft->kf_ops);
+
+               if (cft->seq_start)
+                       kf_ops = &cgroup_kf_ops;
+               else
+                       kf_ops = &cgroup_kf_single_ops;
+
+               /*
+                * Ugh... if @cft wants a custom max_write_len, we need to
+                * make a copy of kf_ops to set its atomic_write_len.
+                */
+               if (cft->max_write_len && cft->max_write_len != PAGE_SIZE) {
+                       kf_ops = kmemdup(kf_ops, sizeof(*kf_ops), GFP_KERNEL);
+                       if (!kf_ops) {
+                               cgroup_exit_cftypes(cfts);
+                               return -ENOMEM;
+                       }
+                       kf_ops->atomic_write_len = cft->max_write_len;
+               }
+
+               cft->kf_ops = kf_ops;
+               cft->ss = ss;
+       }
+
+       return 0;
+}
+
+static int cgroup_rm_cftypes_locked(struct cftype *cfts)
+{
+       lockdep_assert_held(&cgroup_tree_mutex);
+
+       if (!cfts || !cfts[0].ss)
+               return -ENOENT;
 
-               dput(prev);
-               prev = cgrp->dentry;
+       list_del(&cfts->node);
+       cgroup_apply_cftypes(cfts, false);
+       cgroup_exit_cftypes(cfts);
+       return 0;
+}
 
-               mutex_lock(&inode->i_mutex);
-               mutex_lock(&cgroup_mutex);
-               if (cgrp->serial_nr < update_before && !cgroup_is_dead(cgrp))
-                       ret = cgroup_addrm_files(cgrp, cfts, is_add);
-               mutex_unlock(&cgroup_mutex);
-               mutex_unlock(&inode->i_mutex);
+/**
+ * cgroup_rm_cftypes - remove an array of cftypes from a subsystem
+ * @cfts: zero-length name terminated array of cftypes
+ *
+ * Unregister @cfts.  Files described by @cfts are removed from all
+ * existing cgroups and all future cgroups won't have them either.  This
+ * function can be called anytime whether @cfts' subsys is attached or not.
+ *
+ * Returns 0 on successful unregistration, -ENOENT if @cfts is not
+ * registered.
+ */
+int cgroup_rm_cftypes(struct cftype *cfts)
+{
+       int ret;
 
-               rcu_read_lock();
-               if (ret)
-                       break;
-       }
-       rcu_read_unlock();
-       dput(prev);
-       deactivate_super(sb);
+       mutex_lock(&cgroup_tree_mutex);
+       ret = cgroup_rm_cftypes_locked(cfts);
+       mutex_unlock(&cgroup_tree_mutex);
        return ret;
 }
 
@@ -2813,60 +2352,24 @@ static int cgroup_cfts_commit(struct cftype *cfts, bool is_add)
  */
 int cgroup_add_cftypes(struct cgroup_subsys *ss, struct cftype *cfts)
 {
-       struct cftype_set *set;
-       struct cftype *cft;
        int ret;
 
-       set = kzalloc(sizeof(*set), GFP_KERNEL);
-       if (!set)
-               return -ENOMEM;
+       ret = cgroup_init_cftypes(ss, cfts);
+       if (ret)
+               return ret;
 
-       for (cft = cfts; cft->name[0] != '\0'; cft++)
-               cft->ss = ss;
+       mutex_lock(&cgroup_tree_mutex);
 
-       cgroup_cfts_prepare();
-       set->cfts = cfts;
-       list_add_tail(&set->node, &ss->cftsets);
-       ret = cgroup_cfts_commit(cfts, true);
+       list_add_tail(&cfts->node, &ss->cfts);
+       ret = cgroup_apply_cftypes(cfts, true);
        if (ret)
-               cgroup_rm_cftypes(cfts);
+               cgroup_rm_cftypes_locked(cfts);
+
+       mutex_unlock(&cgroup_tree_mutex);
        return ret;
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(cgroup_add_cftypes);
 
-/**
- * cgroup_rm_cftypes - remove an array of cftypes from a subsystem
- * @cfts: zero-length name terminated array of cftypes
- *
- * Unregister @cfts.  Files described by @cfts are removed from all
- * existing cgroups and all future cgroups won't have them either.  This
- * function can be called anytime whether @cfts' subsys is attached or not.
- *
- * Returns 0 on successful unregistration, -ENOENT if @cfts is not
- * registered.
- */
-int cgroup_rm_cftypes(struct cftype *cfts)
-{
-       struct cftype_set *set;
-
-       if (!cfts || !cfts[0].ss)
-               return -ENOENT;
-
-       cgroup_cfts_prepare();
-
-       list_for_each_entry(set, &cfts[0].ss->cftsets, node) {
-               if (set->cfts == cfts) {
-                       list_del(&set->node);
-                       kfree(set);
-                       cgroup_cfts_commit(cfts, false);
-                       return 0;
-               }
-       }
-
-       cgroup_cfts_commit(NULL, false);
-       return -ENOENT;
-}
-
 /**
  * cgroup_task_count - count the number of tasks in a cgroup.
  * @cgrp: the cgroup in question
@@ -2937,7 +2440,7 @@ css_next_child(struct cgroup_subsys_state *pos_css,
        struct cgroup *cgrp = parent_css->cgroup;
        struct cgroup *next;
 
-       cgroup_assert_mutex_or_rcu_locked();
+       cgroup_assert_mutexes_or_rcu_locked();
 
        /*
         * @pos could already have been removed.  Once a cgroup is removed,
@@ -2995,7 +2498,7 @@ css_next_descendant_pre(struct cgroup_subsys_state *pos,
 {
        struct cgroup_subsys_state *next;
 
-       cgroup_assert_mutex_or_rcu_locked();
+       cgroup_assert_mutexes_or_rcu_locked();
 
        /* if first iteration, visit @root */
        if (!pos)
@@ -3036,7 +2539,7 @@ css_rightmost_descendant(struct cgroup_subsys_state *pos)
 {
        struct cgroup_subsys_state *last, *tmp;
 
-       cgroup_assert_mutex_or_rcu_locked();
+       cgroup_assert_mutexes_or_rcu_locked();
 
        do {
                last = pos;
@@ -3084,7 +2587,7 @@ css_next_descendant_post(struct cgroup_subsys_state *pos,
 {
        struct cgroup_subsys_state *next;
 
-       cgroup_assert_mutex_or_rcu_locked();
+       cgroup_assert_mutexes_or_rcu_locked();
 
        /* if first iteration, visit leftmost descendant which may be @root */
        if (!pos)
@@ -3687,21 +3190,27 @@ static int pidlist_array_load(struct cgroup *cgrp, enum cgroup_filetype type,
  */
 int cgroupstats_build(struct cgroupstats *stats, struct dentry *dentry)
 {
-       int ret = -EINVAL;
+       struct kernfs_node *kn = kernfs_node_from_dentry(dentry);
        struct cgroup *cgrp;
        struct css_task_iter it;
        struct task_struct *tsk;
 
+       /* it should be kernfs_node belonging to cgroupfs and is a directory */
+       if (dentry->d_sb->s_type != &cgroup_fs_type || !kn ||
+           kernfs_type(kn) != KERNFS_DIR)
+               return -EINVAL;
+
        /*
-        * Validate dentry by checking the superblock operations,
-        * and make sure it's a directory.
+        * We aren't being called from kernfs and there's no guarantee on
+        * @kn->priv's validity.  For this and css_tryget_from_dir(),
+        * @kn->priv is RCU safe.  Let's do the RCU dancing.
         */
-       if (dentry->d_sb->s_op != &cgroup_ops ||
-           !S_ISDIR(dentry->d_inode->i_mode))
-                goto err;
-
-       ret = 0;
-       cgrp = dentry->d_fsdata;
+       rcu_read_lock();
+       cgrp = rcu_dereference(kn->priv);
+       if (!cgrp) {
+               rcu_read_unlock();
+               return -ENOENT;
+       }
 
        css_task_iter_start(&cgrp->dummy_css, &it);
        while ((tsk = css_task_iter_next(&it))) {
@@ -3726,8 +3235,8 @@ int cgroupstats_build(struct cgroupstats *stats, struct dentry *dentry)
        }
        css_task_iter_end(&it);
 
-err:
-       return ret;
+       rcu_read_unlock();
+       return 0;
 }
 
 
@@ -3745,7 +3254,7 @@ static void *cgroup_pidlist_start(struct seq_file *s, loff_t *pos)
         * after a seek to the start). Use a binary-search to find the
         * next pid to display, if any
         */
-       struct cgroup_open_file *of = s->private;
+       struct kernfs_open_file *of = s->private;
        struct cgroup *cgrp = seq_css(s)->cgroup;
        struct cgroup_pidlist *l;
        enum cgroup_filetype type = seq_cft(s)->private;
@@ -3800,7 +3309,7 @@ static void *cgroup_pidlist_start(struct seq_file *s, loff_t *pos)
 
 static void cgroup_pidlist_stop(struct seq_file *s, void *v)
 {
-       struct cgroup_open_file *of = s->private;
+       struct kernfs_open_file *of = s->private;
        struct cgroup_pidlist *l = of->priv;
 
        if (l)
@@ -3811,7 +3320,7 @@ static void cgroup_pidlist_stop(struct seq_file *s, void *v)
 
 static void *cgroup_pidlist_next(struct seq_file *s, void *v, loff_t *pos)
 {
-       struct cgroup_open_file *of = s->private;
+       struct kernfs_open_file *of = s->private;
        struct cgroup_pidlist *l = of->priv;
        pid_t *p = v;
        pid_t *end = l->list + l->length;
@@ -3861,23 +3370,6 @@ static int cgroup_write_notify_on_release(struct cgroup_subsys_state *css,
        return 0;
 }
 
-/*
- * When dput() is called asynchronously, if umount has been done and
- * then deactivate_super() in cgroup_free_fn() kills the superblock,
- * there's a small window that vfs will see the root dentry with non-zero
- * refcnt and trigger BUG().
- *
- * That's why we hold a reference before dput() and drop it right after.
- */
-static void cgroup_dput(struct cgroup *cgrp)
-{
-       struct super_block *sb = cgrp->root->sb;
-
-       atomic_inc(&sb->s_active);
-       dput(cgrp->dentry);
-       deactivate_super(sb);
-}
-
 static u64 cgroup_clone_children_read(struct cgroup_subsys_state *css,
                                      struct cftype *cft)
 {
@@ -3944,7 +3436,7 @@ static struct cftype cgroup_base_files[] = {
                .flags = CFTYPE_INSANE | CFTYPE_ONLY_ON_ROOT,
                .seq_show = cgroup_release_agent_show,
                .write_string = cgroup_release_agent_write,
-               .max_write_len = PATH_MAX,
+               .max_write_len = PATH_MAX - 1,
        },
        { }     /* terminate */
 };
@@ -3963,13 +3455,13 @@ static int cgroup_populate_dir(struct cgroup *cgrp, unsigned long subsys_mask)
 
        /* process cftsets of each subsystem */
        for_each_subsys(ss, i) {
-               struct cftype_set *set;
+               struct cftype *cfts;
 
                if (!test_bit(i, &subsys_mask))
                        continue;
 
-               list_for_each_entry(set, &ss->cftsets, node) {
-                       ret = cgroup_addrm_files(cgrp, set->cfts, true);
+               list_for_each_entry(cfts, &ss->cfts, node) {
+                       ret = cgroup_addrm_files(cgrp, cfts, true);
                        if (ret < 0)
                                goto err;
                }
@@ -4012,7 +3504,7 @@ static void css_free_work_fn(struct work_struct *work)
                css_put(css->parent);
 
        css->ss->css_free(css);
-       cgroup_dput(cgrp);
+       cgroup_put(cgrp);
 }
 
 static void css_free_rcu_fn(struct rcu_head *rcu_head)
@@ -4020,10 +3512,6 @@ static void css_free_rcu_fn(struct rcu_head *rcu_head)
        struct cgroup_subsys_state *css =
                container_of(rcu_head, struct cgroup_subsys_state, rcu_head);
 
-       /*
-        * css holds an extra ref to @cgrp->dentry which is put on the last
-        * css_put().  dput() requires process context which we don't have.
-        */
        INIT_WORK(&css->destroy_work, css_free_work_fn);
        queue_work(cgroup_destroy_wq, &css->destroy_work);
 }
@@ -4033,7 +3521,7 @@ static void css_release(struct percpu_ref *ref)
        struct cgroup_subsys_state *css =
                container_of(ref, struct cgroup_subsys_state, refcnt);
 
-       rcu_assign_pointer(css->cgroup->subsys[css->ss->subsys_id], NULL);
+       rcu_assign_pointer(css->cgroup->subsys[css->ss->id], NULL);
        call_rcu(&css->rcu_head, css_free_rcu_fn);
 }
 
@@ -4058,6 +3546,7 @@ static int online_css(struct cgroup_subsys_state *css)
        struct cgroup_subsys *ss = css->ss;
        int ret = 0;
 
+       lockdep_assert_held(&cgroup_tree_mutex);
        lockdep_assert_held(&cgroup_mutex);
 
        if (ss->css_online)
@@ -4065,7 +3554,7 @@ static int online_css(struct cgroup_subsys_state *css)
        if (!ret) {
                css->flags |= CSS_ONLINE;
                css->cgroup->nr_css++;
-               rcu_assign_pointer(css->cgroup->subsys[ss->subsys_id], css);
+               rcu_assign_pointer(css->cgroup->subsys[ss->id], css);
        }
        return ret;
 }
@@ -4075,6 +3564,7 @@ static void offline_css(struct cgroup_subsys_state *css)
 {
        struct cgroup_subsys *ss = css->ss;
 
+       lockdep_assert_held(&cgroup_tree_mutex);
        lockdep_assert_held(&cgroup_mutex);
 
        if (!(css->flags & CSS_ONLINE))
@@ -4085,7 +3575,7 @@ static void offline_css(struct cgroup_subsys_state *css)
 
        css->flags &= ~CSS_ONLINE;
        css->cgroup->nr_css--;
-       RCU_INIT_POINTER(css->cgroup->subsys[ss->subsys_id], css);
+       RCU_INIT_POINTER(css->cgroup->subsys[ss->id], css);
 }
 
 /**
@@ -4103,7 +3593,6 @@ static int create_css(struct cgroup *cgrp, struct cgroup_subsys *ss)
        struct cgroup_subsys_state *css;
        int err;
 
-       lockdep_assert_held(&cgrp->dentry->d_inode->i_mutex);
        lockdep_assert_held(&cgroup_mutex);
 
        css = ss->css_alloc(cgroup_css(parent, ss));
@@ -4116,7 +3605,7 @@ static int create_css(struct cgroup *cgrp, struct cgroup_subsys *ss)
 
        init_css(css, ss, cgrp);
 
-       err = cgroup_populate_dir(cgrp, 1 << ss->subsys_id);
+       err = cgroup_populate_dir(cgrp, 1 << ss->id);
        if (err)
                goto err_free;
 
@@ -4124,7 +3613,7 @@ static int create_css(struct cgroup *cgrp, struct cgroup_subsys *ss)
        if (err)
                goto err_free;
 
-       dget(cgrp->dentry);
+       cgroup_get(cgrp);
        css_get(css->parent);
 
        if (ss->broken_hierarchy && !ss->warned_broken_hierarchy &&
@@ -4144,41 +3633,27 @@ err_free:
        return err;
 }
 
-/*
+/**
  * cgroup_create - create a cgroup
  * @parent: cgroup that will be parent of the new cgroup
- * @dentry: dentry of the new cgroup
- * @mode: mode to set on new inode
- *
- * Must be called with the mutex on the parent inode held
+ * @name: name of the new cgroup
+ * @mode: mode to set on new cgroup
  */
-static long cgroup_create(struct cgroup *parent, struct dentry *dentry,
-                            umode_t mode)
+static long cgroup_create(struct cgroup *parent, const char *name,
+                         umode_t mode)
 {
        struct cgroup *cgrp;
-       struct cgroup_name *name;
        struct cgroupfs_root *root = parent->root;
-       int ssid, err = 0;
+       int ssid, err;
        struct cgroup_subsys *ss;
-       struct super_block *sb = root->sb;
+       struct kernfs_node *kn;
 
        /* allocate the cgroup and its ID, 0 is reserved for the root */
        cgrp = kzalloc(sizeof(*cgrp), GFP_KERNEL);
        if (!cgrp)
                return -ENOMEM;
 
-       name = cgroup_alloc_name(dentry);
-       if (!name)
-               goto err_free_cgrp;
-       rcu_assign_pointer(cgrp->name, name);
-
-       /*
-        * Temporarily set the pointer to NULL, so idr_find() won't return
-        * a half-baked cgroup.
-        */
-       cgrp->id = idr_alloc(&root->cgroup_idr, NULL, 1, 0, GFP_KERNEL);
-       if (cgrp->id < 0)
-               goto err_free_name;
+       mutex_lock(&cgroup_tree_mutex);
 
        /*
         * Only live parents can have children.  Note that the liveliness
@@ -4189,21 +3664,21 @@ static long cgroup_create(struct cgroup *parent, struct dentry *dentry,
         */
        if (!cgroup_lock_live_group(parent)) {
                err = -ENODEV;
-               goto err_free_id;
+               goto err_unlock_tree;
        }
 
-       /* Grab a reference on the superblock so the hierarchy doesn't
-        * get deleted on unmount if there are child cgroups.  This
-        * can be done outside cgroup_mutex, since the sb can't
-        * disappear while someone has an open control file on the
-        * fs */
-       atomic_inc(&sb->s_active);
+       /*
+        * Temporarily set the pointer to NULL, so idr_find() won't return
+        * a half-baked cgroup.
+        */
+       cgrp->id = idr_alloc(&root->cgroup_idr, NULL, 1, 0, GFP_KERNEL);
+       if (cgrp->id < 0) {
+               err = -ENOMEM;
+               goto err_unlock;
+       }
 
        init_cgroup_housekeeping(cgrp);
 
-       dentry->d_fsdata = cgrp;
-       cgrp->dentry = dentry;
-
        cgrp->parent = parent;
        cgrp->dummy_css.parent = &parent->dummy_css;
        cgrp->root = parent->root;
@@ -4214,24 +3689,32 @@ static long cgroup_create(struct cgroup *parent, struct dentry *dentry,
        if (test_bit(CGRP_CPUSET_CLONE_CHILDREN, &parent->flags))
                set_bit(CGRP_CPUSET_CLONE_CHILDREN, &cgrp->flags);
 
+       /* create the directory */
+       kn = kernfs_create_dir(parent->kn, name, mode, cgrp);
+       if (IS_ERR(kn)) {
+               err = PTR_ERR(kn);
+               goto err_free_id;
+       }
+       cgrp->kn = kn;
+
        /*
-        * Create directory.  cgroup_create_file() returns with the new
-        * directory locked on success so that it can be populated without
-        * dropping cgroup_mutex.
+        * This extra ref will be put in cgroup_free_fn() and guarantees
+        * that @cgrp->kn is always accessible.
         */
-       err = cgroup_create_file(dentry, S_IFDIR | mode, sb);
-       if (err < 0)
-               goto err_unlock;
-       lockdep_assert_held(&dentry->d_inode->i_mutex);
+       kernfs_get(kn);
 
        cgrp->serial_nr = cgroup_serial_nr_next++;
 
        /* allocation complete, commit to creation */
        list_add_tail_rcu(&cgrp->sibling, &cgrp->parent->children);
-       root->number_of_cgroups++;
+       atomic_inc(&root->nr_cgrps);
 
-       /* hold a ref to the parent's dentry */
-       dget(parent->dentry);
+       /*
+        * Grab a reference on the root and parent so that they don't get
+        * deleted while there are child cgroups.
+        */
+       cgroup_get_root(root);
+       cgroup_get(parent);
 
        /*
         * @cgrp is now fully operational.  If something fails after this
@@ -4252,36 +3735,35 @@ static long cgroup_create(struct cgroup *parent, struct dentry *dentry,
                }
        }
 
+       kernfs_activate(kn);
+
        mutex_unlock(&cgroup_mutex);
-       mutex_unlock(&cgrp->dentry->d_inode->i_mutex);
+       mutex_unlock(&cgroup_tree_mutex);
 
        return 0;
 
-err_unlock:
-       mutex_unlock(&cgroup_mutex);
-       /* Release the reference count that we took on the superblock */
-       deactivate_super(sb);
 err_free_id:
        idr_remove(&root->cgroup_idr, cgrp->id);
-err_free_name:
-       kfree(rcu_dereference_raw(cgrp->name));
-err_free_cgrp:
+err_unlock:
+       mutex_unlock(&cgroup_mutex);
+err_unlock_tree:
+       mutex_unlock(&cgroup_tree_mutex);
        kfree(cgrp);
        return err;
 
 err_destroy:
        cgroup_destroy_locked(cgrp);
        mutex_unlock(&cgroup_mutex);
-       mutex_unlock(&dentry->d_inode->i_mutex);
+       mutex_unlock(&cgroup_tree_mutex);
        return err;
 }
 
-static int cgroup_mkdir(struct inode *dir, struct dentry *dentry, umode_t mode)
+static int cgroup_mkdir(struct kernfs_node *parent_kn, const char *name,
+                       umode_t mode)
 {
-       struct cgroup *c_parent = dentry->d_parent->d_fsdata;
+       struct cgroup *parent = parent_kn->priv;
 
-       /* the vfs holds inode->i_mutex already */
-       return cgroup_create(c_parent, dentry, mode | S_IFDIR);
+       return cgroup_create(parent, name, mode);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -4294,6 +3776,7 @@ static void css_killed_work_fn(struct work_struct *work)
                container_of(work, struct cgroup_subsys_state, destroy_work);
        struct cgroup *cgrp = css->cgroup;
 
+       mutex_lock(&cgroup_tree_mutex);
        mutex_lock(&cgroup_mutex);
 
        /*
@@ -4311,6 +3794,7 @@ static void css_killed_work_fn(struct work_struct *work)
                cgroup_destroy_css_killed(cgrp);
 
        mutex_unlock(&cgroup_mutex);
+       mutex_unlock(&cgroup_tree_mutex);
 
        /*
         * Put the css refs from kill_css().  Each css holds an extra
@@ -4343,7 +3827,11 @@ static void css_killed_ref_fn(struct percpu_ref *ref)
  */
 static void kill_css(struct cgroup_subsys_state *css)
 {
-       cgroup_clear_dir(css->cgroup, 1 << css->ss->subsys_id);
+       /*
+        * This must happen before css is disassociated with its cgroup.
+        * See seq_css() for details.
+        */
+       cgroup_clear_dir(css->cgroup, 1 << css->ss->id);
 
        /*
         * Killing would put the base ref, but we need to keep it alive
@@ -4391,13 +3879,12 @@ static void kill_css(struct cgroup_subsys_state *css)
 static int cgroup_destroy_locked(struct cgroup *cgrp)
        __releases(&cgroup_mutex) __acquires(&cgroup_mutex)
 {
-       struct dentry *d = cgrp->dentry;
-       struct cgroup_subsys_state *css;
        struct cgroup *child;
+       struct cgroup_subsys_state *css;
        bool empty;
        int ssid;
 
-       lockdep_assert_held(&d->d_inode->i_mutex);
+       lockdep_assert_held(&cgroup_tree_mutex);
        lockdep_assert_held(&cgroup_mutex);
 
        /*
@@ -4429,10 +3916,13 @@ static int cgroup_destroy_locked(struct cgroup *cgrp)
        /*
         * Initiate massacre of all css's.  cgroup_destroy_css_killed()
         * will be invoked to perform the rest of destruction once the
-        * percpu refs of all css's are confirmed to be killed.
+        * percpu refs of all css's are confirmed to be killed.  This
+        * involves removing the subsystem's files, drop cgroup_mutex.
         */
+       mutex_unlock(&cgroup_mutex);
        for_each_css(css, ssid, cgrp)
                kill_css(css);
+       mutex_lock(&cgroup_mutex);
 
        /*
         * Mark @cgrp dead.  This prevents further task migration and child
@@ -4458,14 +3948,20 @@ static int cgroup_destroy_locked(struct cgroup *cgrp)
        if (!cgrp->nr_css)
                cgroup_destroy_css_killed(cgrp);
 
+       /* remove @cgrp directory along with the base files */
+       mutex_unlock(&cgroup_mutex);
+
        /*
-        * Clear the base files and remove @cgrp directory.  The removal
-        * puts the base ref but we aren't quite done with @cgrp yet, so
-        * hold onto it.
+        * There are two control paths which try to determine cgroup from
+        * dentry without going through kernfs - cgroupstats_build() and
+        * css_tryget_from_dir().  Those are supported by RCU protecting
+        * clearing of cgrp->kn->priv backpointer, which should happen
+        * after all files under it have been removed.
         */
-       cgroup_addrm_files(cgrp, cgroup_base_files, false);
-       dget(d);
-       cgroup_d_remove_dir(d);
+       kernfs_remove(cgrp->kn);        /* @cgrp has an extra ref on its kn */
+       RCU_INIT_POINTER(*(void __rcu __force **)&cgrp->kn->priv, NULL);
+
+       mutex_lock(&cgroup_mutex);
 
        return 0;
 };
@@ -4482,59 +3978,69 @@ static int cgroup_destroy_locked(struct cgroup *cgrp)
 static void cgroup_destroy_css_killed(struct cgroup *cgrp)
 {
        struct cgroup *parent = cgrp->parent;
-       struct dentry *d = cgrp->dentry;
 
+       lockdep_assert_held(&cgroup_tree_mutex);
        lockdep_assert_held(&cgroup_mutex);
 
        /* delete this cgroup from parent->children */
        list_del_rcu(&cgrp->sibling);
 
-       dput(d);
+       cgroup_put(cgrp);
 
        set_bit(CGRP_RELEASABLE, &parent->flags);
        check_for_release(parent);
 }
 
-static int cgroup_rmdir(struct inode *unused_dir, struct dentry *dentry)
+static int cgroup_rmdir(struct kernfs_node *kn)
 {
-       int ret;
-
-       mutex_lock(&cgroup_mutex);
-       ret = cgroup_destroy_locked(dentry->d_fsdata);
-       mutex_unlock(&cgroup_mutex);
+       struct cgroup *cgrp = kn->priv;
+       int ret = 0;
 
-       return ret;
-}
+       /*
+        * This is self-destruction but @kn can't be removed while this
+        * callback is in progress.  Let's break active protection.  Once
+        * the protection is broken, @cgrp can be destroyed at any point.
+        * Pin it so that it stays accessible.
+        */
+       cgroup_get(cgrp);
+       kernfs_break_active_protection(kn);
 
-static void __init_or_module cgroup_init_cftsets(struct cgroup_subsys *ss)
-{
-       INIT_LIST_HEAD(&ss->cftsets);
+       mutex_lock(&cgroup_tree_mutex);
+       mutex_lock(&cgroup_mutex);
 
        /*
-        * base_cftset is embedded in subsys itself, no need to worry about
-        * deregistration.
+        * @cgrp might already have been destroyed while we're trying to
+        * grab the mutexes.
         */
-       if (ss->base_cftypes) {
-               struct cftype *cft;
+       if (!cgroup_is_dead(cgrp))
+               ret = cgroup_destroy_locked(cgrp);
 
-               for (cft = ss->base_cftypes; cft->name[0] != '\0'; cft++)
-                       cft->ss = ss;
+       mutex_unlock(&cgroup_mutex);
+       mutex_unlock(&cgroup_tree_mutex);
 
-               ss->base_cftset.cfts = ss->base_cftypes;
-               list_add_tail(&ss->base_cftset.node, &ss->cftsets);
-       }
+       kernfs_unbreak_active_protection(kn);
+       cgroup_put(cgrp);
+       return ret;
 }
 
+static struct kernfs_syscall_ops cgroup_kf_syscall_ops = {
+       .remount_fs             = cgroup_remount,
+       .show_options           = cgroup_show_options,
+       .mkdir                  = cgroup_mkdir,
+       .rmdir                  = cgroup_rmdir,
+       .rename                 = cgroup_rename,
+};
+
 static void __init cgroup_init_subsys(struct cgroup_subsys *ss)
 {
        struct cgroup_subsys_state *css;
 
        printk(KERN_INFO "Initializing cgroup subsys %s\n", ss->name);
 
+       mutex_lock(&cgroup_tree_mutex);
        mutex_lock(&cgroup_mutex);
 
-       /* init base cftset */
-       cgroup_init_cftsets(ss);
+       INIT_LIST_HEAD(&ss->cfts);
 
        /* Create the top cgroup state for this subsystem */
        ss->root = &cgroup_dummy_root;
@@ -4547,7 +4053,7 @@ static void __init cgroup_init_subsys(struct cgroup_subsys *ss)
         * pointer to this state - since the subsystem is
         * newly registered, all tasks and hence the
         * init_css_set is in the subsystem's top cgroup. */
-       init_css_set.subsys[ss->subsys_id] = css;
+       init_css_set.subsys[ss->id] = css;
 
        need_forkexit_callback |= ss->fork || ss->exit;
 
@@ -4559,184 +4065,8 @@ static void __init cgroup_init_subsys(struct cgroup_subsys *ss)
        BUG_ON(online_css(css));
 
        mutex_unlock(&cgroup_mutex);
-
-       /* this function shouldn't be used with modular subsystems, since they
-        * need to register a subsys_id, among other things */
-       BUG_ON(ss->module);
-}
-
-/**
- * cgroup_load_subsys: load and register a modular subsystem at runtime
- * @ss: the subsystem to load
- *
- * This function should be called in a modular subsystem's initcall. If the
- * subsystem is built as a module, it will be assigned a new subsys_id and set
- * up for use. If the subsystem is built-in anyway, work is delegated to the
- * simpler cgroup_init_subsys.
- */
-int __init_or_module cgroup_load_subsys(struct cgroup_subsys *ss)
-{
-       struct cgroup_subsys_state *css;
-       int i, ret;
-       struct hlist_node *tmp;
-       struct css_set *cset;
-       unsigned long key;
-
-       /* check name and function validity */
-       if (ss->name == NULL || strlen(ss->name) > MAX_CGROUP_TYPE_NAMELEN ||
-           ss->css_alloc == NULL || ss->css_free == NULL)
-               return -EINVAL;
-
-       /*
-        * we don't support callbacks in modular subsystems. this check is
-        * before the ss->module check for consistency; a subsystem that could
-        * be a module should still have no callbacks even if the user isn't
-        * compiling it as one.
-        */
-       if (ss->fork || ss->exit)
-               return -EINVAL;
-
-       /*
-        * an optionally modular subsystem is built-in: we want to do nothing,
-        * since cgroup_init_subsys will have already taken care of it.
-        */
-       if (ss->module == NULL) {
-               /* a sanity check */
-               BUG_ON(cgroup_subsys[ss->subsys_id] != ss);
-               return 0;
-       }
-
-       /* init base cftset */
-       cgroup_init_cftsets(ss);
-
-       mutex_lock(&cgroup_mutex);
-       mutex_lock(&cgroup_root_mutex);
-       cgroup_subsys[ss->subsys_id] = ss;
-
-       /*
-        * no ss->css_alloc seems to need anything important in the ss
-        * struct, so this can happen first (i.e. before the dummy root
-        * attachment).
-        */
-       css = ss->css_alloc(cgroup_css(cgroup_dummy_top, ss));
-       if (IS_ERR(css)) {
-               /* failure case - need to deassign the cgroup_subsys[] slot. */
-               cgroup_subsys[ss->subsys_id] = NULL;
-               mutex_unlock(&cgroup_root_mutex);
-               mutex_unlock(&cgroup_mutex);
-               return PTR_ERR(css);
-       }
-
-       ss->root = &cgroup_dummy_root;
-
-       /* our new subsystem will be attached to the dummy hierarchy. */
-       init_css(css, ss, cgroup_dummy_top);
-
-       /*
-        * Now we need to entangle the css into the existing css_sets. unlike
-        * in cgroup_init_subsys, there are now multiple css_sets, so each one
-        * will need a new pointer to it; done by iterating the css_set_table.
-        * furthermore, modifying the existing css_sets will corrupt the hash
-        * table state, so each changed css_set will need its hash recomputed.
-        * this is all done under the css_set_lock.
-        */
-       write_lock(&css_set_lock);
-       hash_for_each_safe(css_set_table, i, tmp, cset, hlist) {
-               /* skip entries that we already rehashed */
-               if (cset->subsys[ss->subsys_id])
-                       continue;
-               /* remove existing entry */
-               hash_del(&cset->hlist);
-               /* set new value */
-               cset->subsys[ss->subsys_id] = css;
-               /* recompute hash and restore entry */
-               key = css_set_hash(cset->subsys);
-               hash_add(css_set_table, &cset->hlist, key);
-       }
-       write_unlock(&css_set_lock);
-
-       ret = online_css(css);
-       if (ret) {
-               ss->css_free(css);
-               goto err_unload;
-       }
-
-       /* success! */
-       mutex_unlock(&cgroup_root_mutex);
-       mutex_unlock(&cgroup_mutex);
-       return 0;
-
-err_unload:
-       mutex_unlock(&cgroup_root_mutex);
-       mutex_unlock(&cgroup_mutex);
-       /* @ss can't be mounted here as try_module_get() would fail */
-       cgroup_unload_subsys(ss);
-       return ret;
-}
-EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(cgroup_load_subsys);
-
-/**
- * cgroup_unload_subsys: unload a modular subsystem
- * @ss: the subsystem to unload
- *
- * This function should be called in a modular subsystem's exitcall. When this
- * function is invoked, the refcount on the subsystem's module will be 0, so
- * the subsystem will not be attached to any hierarchy.
- */
-void cgroup_unload_subsys(struct cgroup_subsys *ss)
-{
-       struct cgrp_cset_link *link;
-       struct cgroup_subsys_state *css;
-
-       BUG_ON(ss->module == NULL);
-
-       /*
-        * we shouldn't be called if the subsystem is in use, and the use of
-        * try_module_get() in rebind_subsystems() should ensure that it
-        * doesn't start being used while we're killing it off.
-        */
-       BUG_ON(ss->root != &cgroup_dummy_root);
-
-       mutex_lock(&cgroup_mutex);
-       mutex_lock(&cgroup_root_mutex);
-
-       css = cgroup_css(cgroup_dummy_top, ss);
-       if (css)
-               offline_css(css);
-
-       /* deassign the subsys_id */
-       cgroup_subsys[ss->subsys_id] = NULL;
-
-       /*
-        * disentangle the css from all css_sets attached to the dummy
-        * top. as in loading, we need to pay our respects to the hashtable
-        * gods.
-        */
-       write_lock(&css_set_lock);
-       list_for_each_entry(link, &cgroup_dummy_top->cset_links, cset_link) {
-               struct css_set *cset = link->cset;
-               unsigned long key;
-
-               hash_del(&cset->hlist);
-               cset->subsys[ss->subsys_id] = NULL;
-               key = css_set_hash(cset->subsys);
-               hash_add(css_set_table, &cset->hlist, key);
-       }
-       write_unlock(&css_set_lock);
-
-       /*
-        * remove subsystem's css from the cgroup_dummy_top and free it -
-        * need to free before marking as null because ss->css_free needs
-        * the cgrp->subsys pointer to find their state.
-        */
-       if (css)
-               ss->css_free(css);
-       RCU_INIT_POINTER(cgroup_dummy_top->subsys[ss->subsys_id], NULL);
-
-       mutex_unlock(&cgroup_root_mutex);
-       mutex_unlock(&cgroup_mutex);
+       mutex_unlock(&cgroup_tree_mutex);
 }
-EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(cgroup_unload_subsys);
 
 /**
  * cgroup_init_early - cgroup initialization at system boot
@@ -4763,17 +4093,16 @@ int __init cgroup_init_early(void)
        list_add(&init_cgrp_cset_link.cset_link, &cgroup_dummy_top->cset_links);
        list_add(&init_cgrp_cset_link.cgrp_link, &init_css_set.cgrp_links);
 
-       /* at bootup time, we don't worry about modular subsystems */
-       for_each_builtin_subsys(ss, i) {
-               BUG_ON(!ss->name);
-               BUG_ON(strlen(ss->name) > MAX_CGROUP_TYPE_NAMELEN);
-               BUG_ON(!ss->css_alloc);
-               BUG_ON(!ss->css_free);
-               if (ss->subsys_id != i) {
-                       printk(KERN_ERR "cgroup: Subsys %s id == %d\n",
-                              ss->name, ss->subsys_id);
-                       BUG();
-               }
+       for_each_subsys(ss, i) {
+               WARN(!ss->css_alloc || !ss->css_free || ss->name || ss->id,
+                    "invalid cgroup_subsys %d:%s css_alloc=%p css_free=%p name:id=%d:%s\n",
+                    i, cgroup_subsys_name[i], ss->css_alloc, ss->css_free,
+                    ss->id, ss->name);
+               WARN(strlen(cgroup_subsys_name[i]) > MAX_CGROUP_TYPE_NAMELEN,
+                    "cgroup_subsys_name %s too long\n", cgroup_subsys_name[i]);
+
+               ss->id = i;
+               ss->name = cgroup_subsys_name[i];
 
                if (ss->early_init)
                        cgroup_init_subsys(ss);
@@ -4793,18 +4122,22 @@ int __init cgroup_init(void)
        unsigned long key;
        int i, err;
 
-       err = bdi_init(&cgroup_backing_dev_info);
-       if (err)
-               return err;
+       BUG_ON(cgroup_init_cftypes(NULL, cgroup_base_files));
 
-       for_each_builtin_subsys(ss, i) {
+       for_each_subsys(ss, i) {
                if (!ss->early_init)
                        cgroup_init_subsys(ss);
+
+               /*
+                * cftype registration needs kmalloc and can't be done
+                * during early_init.  Register base cftypes separately.
+                */
+               if (ss->base_cftypes)
+                       WARN_ON(cgroup_add_cftypes(ss, ss->base_cftypes));
        }
 
        /* allocate id for the dummy hierarchy */
        mutex_lock(&cgroup_mutex);
-       mutex_lock(&cgroup_root_mutex);
 
        /* Add init_css_set to the hash table */
        key = css_set_hash(init_css_set.subsys);
@@ -4816,28 +4149,20 @@ int __init cgroup_init(void)
                        0, 1, GFP_KERNEL);
        BUG_ON(err < 0);
 
-       mutex_unlock(&cgroup_root_mutex);
        mutex_unlock(&cgroup_mutex);
 
        cgroup_kobj = kobject_create_and_add("cgroup", fs_kobj);
-       if (!cgroup_kobj) {
-               err = -ENOMEM;
-               goto out;
-       }
+       if (!cgroup_kobj)
+               return -ENOMEM;
 
        err = register_filesystem(&cgroup_fs_type);
        if (err < 0) {
                kobject_put(cgroup_kobj);
-               goto out;
+               return err;
        }
 
        proc_create("cgroups", 0, NULL, &proc_cgroupstats_operations);
-
-out:
-       if (err)
-               bdi_destroy(&cgroup_backing_dev_info);
-
-       return err;
+       return 0;
 }
 
 static int __init cgroup_wq_init(void)
@@ -4845,12 +4170,16 @@ static int __init cgroup_wq_init(void)
        /*
         * There isn't much point in executing destruction path in
         * parallel.  Good chunk is serialized with cgroup_mutex anyway.
-        * Use 1 for @max_active.
+        *
+        * XXX: Must be ordered to make sure parent is offlined after
+        * children.  The ordering requirement is for memcg where a
+        * parent's offline may wait for a child's leading to deadlock.  In
+        * the long term, this should be fixed from memcg side.
         *
         * We would prefer to do this in cgroup_init() above, but that
         * is called before init_workqueues(): so leave this until after.
         */
-       cgroup_destroy_wq = alloc_workqueue("cgroup_destroy", 0, 1);
+       cgroup_destroy_wq = alloc_ordered_workqueue("cgroup_destroy", 0);
        BUG_ON(!cgroup_destroy_wq);
 
        /*
@@ -4882,12 +4211,12 @@ int proc_cgroup_show(struct seq_file *m, void *v)
 {
        struct pid *pid;
        struct task_struct *tsk;
-       char *buf;
+       char *buf, *path;
        int retval;
        struct cgroupfs_root *root;
 
        retval = -ENOMEM;
-       buf = kmalloc(PAGE_SIZE, GFP_KERNEL);
+       buf = kmalloc(PATH_MAX, GFP_KERNEL);
        if (!buf)
                goto out;
 
@@ -4915,10 +4244,12 @@ int proc_cgroup_show(struct seq_file *m, void *v)
                                   root->name);
                seq_putc(m, ':');
                cgrp = task_cgroup_from_root(tsk, root);
-               retval = cgroup_path(cgrp, buf, PAGE_SIZE);
-               if (retval < 0)
+               path = cgroup_path(cgrp, buf, PATH_MAX);
+               if (!path) {
+                       retval = -ENAMETOOLONG;
                        goto out_unlock;
-               seq_puts(m, buf);
+               }
+               seq_puts(m, path);
                seq_putc(m, '\n');
        }
 
@@ -4948,7 +4279,7 @@ static int proc_cgroupstats_show(struct seq_file *m, void *v)
        for_each_subsys(ss, i)
                seq_printf(m, "%s\t%d\t%d\t%d\n",
                           ss->name, ss->root->hierarchy_id,
-                          ss->root->number_of_cgroups, !ss->disabled);
+                          atomic_read(&ss->root->nr_cgrps), !ss->disabled);
 
        mutex_unlock(&cgroup_mutex);
        return 0;
@@ -5032,15 +4363,7 @@ void cgroup_post_fork(struct task_struct *child)
         * and addition to css_set.
         */
        if (need_forkexit_callback) {
-               /*
-                * fork/exit callbacks are supported only for builtin
-                * subsystems, and the builtin section of the subsys
-                * array is immutable, so we don't need to lock the
-                * subsys array here. On the other hand, modular section
-                * of the array can be freed at module unload, so we
-                * can't touch that.
-                */
-               for_each_builtin_subsys(ss, i)
+               for_each_subsys(ss, i)
                        if (ss->fork)
                                ss->fork(child);
        }
@@ -5105,11 +4428,8 @@ void cgroup_exit(struct task_struct *tsk, int run_callbacks)
        RCU_INIT_POINTER(tsk->cgroups, &init_css_set);
 
        if (run_callbacks && need_forkexit_callback) {
-               /*
-                * fork/exit callbacks are supported only for builtin
-                * subsystems, see cgroup_post_fork() for details.
-                */
-               for_each_builtin_subsys(ss, i) {
+               /* see cgroup_post_fork() for details */
+               for_each_subsys(ss, i) {
                        if (ss->exit) {
                                struct cgroup_subsys_state *old_css = cset->subsys[i];
                                struct cgroup_subsys_state *css = task_css(tsk, i);
@@ -5177,16 +4497,17 @@ static void cgroup_release_agent(struct work_struct *work)
        while (!list_empty(&release_list)) {
                char *argv[3], *envp[3];
                int i;
-               char *pathbuf = NULL, *agentbuf = NULL;
+               char *pathbuf = NULL, *agentbuf = NULL, *path;
                struct cgroup *cgrp = list_entry(release_list.next,
                                                    struct cgroup,
                                                    release_list);
                list_del_init(&cgrp->release_list);
                raw_spin_unlock(&release_list_lock);
-               pathbuf = kmalloc(PAGE_SIZE, GFP_KERNEL);
+               pathbuf = kmalloc(PATH_MAX, GFP_KERNEL);
                if (!pathbuf)
                        goto continue_free;
-               if (cgroup_path(cgrp, pathbuf, PAGE_SIZE) < 0)
+               path = cgroup_path(cgrp, pathbuf, PATH_MAX);
+               if (!path)
                        goto continue_free;
                agentbuf = kstrdup(cgrp->root->release_agent_path, GFP_KERNEL);
                if (!agentbuf)
@@ -5194,7 +4515,7 @@ static void cgroup_release_agent(struct work_struct *work)
 
                i = 0;
                argv[i++] = agentbuf;
-               argv[i++] = pathbuf;
+               argv[i++] = path;
                argv[i] = NULL;
 
                i = 0;
@@ -5228,11 +4549,7 @@ static int __init cgroup_disable(char *str)
                if (!*token)
                        continue;
 
-               /*
-                * cgroup_disable, being at boot time, can't know about
-                * module subsystems, so we don't worry about them.
-                */
-               for_each_builtin_subsys(ss, i) {
+               for_each_subsys(ss, i) {
                        if (!strcmp(token, ss->name)) {
                                ss->disabled = 1;
                                printk(KERN_INFO "Disabling %s control group"
@@ -5246,28 +4563,42 @@ static int __init cgroup_disable(char *str)
 __setup("cgroup_disable=", cgroup_disable);
 
 /**
- * css_from_dir - get corresponding css from the dentry of a cgroup dir
+ * css_tryget_from_dir - get corresponding css from the dentry of a cgroup dir
  * @dentry: directory dentry of interest
  * @ss: subsystem of interest
  *
- * Must be called under cgroup_mutex or RCU read lock.  The caller is
- * responsible for pinning the returned css if it needs to be accessed
- * outside the critical section.
+ * If @dentry is a directory for a cgroup which has @ss enabled on it, try
+ * to get the corresponding css and return it.  If such css doesn't exist
+ * or can't be pinned, an ERR_PTR value is returned.
  */
-struct cgroup_subsys_state *css_from_dir(struct dentry *dentry,
-                                        struct cgroup_subsys *ss)
+struct cgroup_subsys_state *css_tryget_from_dir(struct dentry *dentry,
+                                               struct cgroup_subsys *ss)
 {
+       struct kernfs_node *kn = kernfs_node_from_dentry(dentry);
+       struct cgroup_subsys_state *css = NULL;
        struct cgroup *cgrp;
 
-       cgroup_assert_mutex_or_rcu_locked();
-
        /* is @dentry a cgroup dir? */
-       if (!dentry->d_inode ||
-           dentry->d_inode->i_op != &cgroup_dir_inode_operations)
+       if (dentry->d_sb->s_type != &cgroup_fs_type || !kn ||
+           kernfs_type(kn) != KERNFS_DIR)
                return ERR_PTR(-EBADF);
 
-       cgrp = __d_cgrp(dentry);
-       return cgroup_css(cgrp, ss) ?: ERR_PTR(-ENOENT);
+       rcu_read_lock();
+
+       /*
+        * This path doesn't originate from kernfs and @kn could already
+        * have been or be removed at any point.  @kn->priv is RCU
+        * protected for this access.  See destroy_locked() for details.
+        */
+       cgrp = rcu_dereference(kn->priv);
+       if (cgrp)
+               css = cgroup_css(cgrp, ss);
+
+       if (!css || !css_tryget(css))
+               css = ERR_PTR(-ENOENT);
+
+       rcu_read_unlock();
+       return css;
 }
 
 /**
@@ -5282,7 +4613,7 @@ struct cgroup_subsys_state *css_from_id(int id, struct cgroup_subsys *ss)
 {
        struct cgroup *cgrp;
 
-       cgroup_assert_mutex_or_rcu_locked();
+       cgroup_assert_mutexes_or_rcu_locked();
 
        cgrp = idr_find(&ss->root->cgroup_idr, id);
        if (cgrp)
@@ -5334,23 +4665,30 @@ static int current_css_set_cg_links_read(struct seq_file *seq, void *v)
 {
        struct cgrp_cset_link *link;
        struct css_set *cset;
+       char *name_buf;
+
+       name_buf = kmalloc(NAME_MAX + 1, GFP_KERNEL);
+       if (!name_buf)
+               return -ENOMEM;
 
        read_lock(&css_set_lock);
        rcu_read_lock();
        cset = rcu_dereference(current->cgroups);
        list_for_each_entry(link, &cset->cgrp_links, cgrp_link) {
                struct cgroup *c = link->cgrp;
-               const char *name;
+               const char *name = "?";
+
+               if (c != cgroup_dummy_top) {
+                       cgroup_name(c, name_buf, NAME_MAX + 1);
+                       name = name_buf;
+               }
 
-               if (c->dentry)
-                       name = c->dentry->d_name.name;
-               else
-                       name = "?";
                seq_printf(seq, "Root %d group %s\n",
                           c->root->hierarchy_id, name);
        }
        rcu_read_unlock();
        read_unlock(&css_set_lock);
+       kfree(name_buf);
        return 0;
 }
 
@@ -5419,11 +4757,9 @@ static struct cftype debug_files[] =  {
        { }     /* terminate */
 };
 
-struct cgroup_subsys debug_subsys = {
-       .name = "debug",
+struct cgroup_subsys debug_cgrp_subsys = {
        .css_alloc = debug_css_alloc,
        .css_free = debug_css_free,
-       .subsys_id = debug_subsys_id,
        .base_cftypes = debug_files,
 };
 #endif /* CONFIG_CGROUP_DEBUG */