--- /dev/null
+Notifier error injection
+========================
+
+Notifier error injection provides the ability to inject artifical errors to
+specified notifier chain callbacks. It is useful to test the error handling of
+notifier call chain failures which is rarely executed. There are kernel
+modules that can be used to test the following notifiers.
+
+ * CPU notifier
+ * PM notifier
+ * Memory hotplug notifier
+ * powerpc pSeries reconfig notifier
+
+CPU notifier error injection module
+-----------------------------------
+This feature can be used to test the error handling of the CPU notifiers by
+injecting artifical errors to CPU notifier chain callbacks.
+
+If the notifier call chain should be failed with some events notified, write
+the error code to debugfs interface
+/sys/kernel/debug/notifier-error-inject/cpu/actions/<notifier event>/error
+
+Possible CPU notifier events to be failed are:
+
+ * CPU_UP_PREPARE
+ * CPU_UP_PREPARE_FROZEN
+ * CPU_DOWN_PREPARE
+ * CPU_DOWN_PREPARE_FROZEN
+
+Example1: Inject CPU offline error (-1 == -EPERM)
+
+ # cd /sys/kernel/debug/notifier-error-inject/cpu
+ # echo -1 > actions/CPU_DOWN_PREPARE/error
+ # echo 0 > /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu1/online
+ bash: echo: write error: Operation not permitted
+
+Example2: inject CPU online error (-2 == -ENOENT)
+
+ # echo -2 > actions/CPU_UP_PREPARE/error
+ # echo 1 > /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu1/online
+ bash: echo: write error: No such file or directory
+
+PM notifier error injection module
+----------------------------------
+This feature is controlled through debugfs interface
+/sys/kernel/debug/notifier-error-inject/pm/actions/<notifier event>/error
+
+Possible PM notifier events to be failed are:
+
+ * PM_HIBERNATION_PREPARE
+ * PM_SUSPEND_PREPARE
+ * PM_RESTORE_PREPARE
+
+Example: Inject PM suspend error (-12 = -ENOMEM)
+
+ # cd /sys/kernel/debug/notifier-error-inject/pm/
+ # echo -12 > actions/PM_SUSPEND_PREPARE/error
+ # echo mem > /sys/power/state
+ bash: echo: write error: Cannot allocate memory
+
+Memory hotplug notifier error injection module
+----------------------------------------------
+This feature is controlled through debugfs interface
+/sys/kernel/debug/notifier-error-inject/memory/actions/<notifier event>/error
+
+Possible memory notifier events to be failed are:
+
+ * MEM_GOING_ONLINE
+ * MEM_GOING_OFFLINE
+
+Example: Inject memory hotplug offline error (-12 == -ENOMEM)
+
+ # cd /sys/kernel/debug/notifier-error-inject/memory
+ # echo -12 > actions/MEM_GOING_OFFLINE/error
+ # echo offline > /sys/devices/system/memory/memoryXXX/state
+ bash: echo: write error: Cannot allocate memory
+
+powerpc pSeries reconfig notifier error injection module
+--------------------------------------------------------
+This feature is controlled through debugfs interface
+/sys/kernel/debug/notifier-error-inject/pSeries-reconfig/actions/<notifier event>/error
+
+Possible pSeries reconfig notifier events to be failed are:
+
+ * PSERIES_RECONFIG_ADD
+ * PSERIES_RECONFIG_REMOVE
+ * PSERIES_DRCONF_MEM_ADD
+ * PSERIES_DRCONF_MEM_REMOVE
+
+For more usage examples
+-----------------------
+There are tools/testing/selftests using the notifier error injection features
+for CPU and memory notifiers.
+
+ * tools/testing/selftests/cpu-hotplug/on-off-test.sh
+ * tools/testing/selftests/memory-hotplug/on-off-test.sh
+
+These scripts first do simple online and offline tests and then do fault
+injection tests if notifier error injection module is available.
Documentation on how to use the module can be found in
Documentation/fault-injection/provoke-crashes.txt
+config NOTIFIER_ERROR_INJECTION
+ tristate "Notifier error injection"
+ depends on DEBUG_KERNEL
+ select DEBUG_FS
+ help
+ This option provides the ability to inject artifical errors to
+ specified notifier chain callbacks. It is useful to test the error
+ handling of notifier call chain failures.
+
+ Say N if unsure.
+
config CPU_NOTIFIER_ERROR_INJECT
tristate "CPU notifier error injection module"
depends on HOTPLUG_CPU && DEBUG_KERNEL
obj-$(CONFIG_SWIOTLB) += swiotlb.o
obj-$(CONFIG_IOMMU_HELPER) += iommu-helper.o
obj-$(CONFIG_FAULT_INJECTION) += fault-inject.o
+obj-$(CONFIG_NOTIFIER_ERROR_INJECTION) += notifier-error-inject.o
obj-$(CONFIG_CPU_NOTIFIER_ERROR_INJECT) += cpu-notifier-error-inject.o
lib-$(CONFIG_GENERIC_BUG) += bug.o
--- /dev/null
+#include <linux/module.h>
+
+#include "notifier-error-inject.h"
+
+static int debugfs_errno_set(void *data, u64 val)
+{
+ *(int *)data = clamp_t(int, val, -MAX_ERRNO, 0);
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static int debugfs_errno_get(void *data, u64 *val)
+{
+ *val = *(int *)data;
+ return 0;
+}
+
+DEFINE_SIMPLE_ATTRIBUTE(fops_errno, debugfs_errno_get, debugfs_errno_set,
+ "%lld\n");
+
+static struct dentry *debugfs_create_errno(const char *name, mode_t mode,
+ struct dentry *parent, int *value)
+{
+ return debugfs_create_file(name, mode, parent, value, &fops_errno);
+}
+
+static int notifier_err_inject_callback(struct notifier_block *nb,
+ unsigned long val, void *p)
+{
+ int err = 0;
+ struct notifier_err_inject *err_inject =
+ container_of(nb, struct notifier_err_inject, nb);
+ struct notifier_err_inject_action *action;
+
+ for (action = err_inject->actions; action->name; action++) {
+ if (action->val == val) {
+ err = action->error;
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+ if (err)
+ pr_info("Injecting error (%d) to %s\n", err, action->name);
+
+ return notifier_from_errno(err);
+}
+
+struct dentry *notifier_err_inject_dir;
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(notifier_err_inject_dir);
+
+struct dentry *notifier_err_inject_init(const char *name, struct dentry *parent,
+ struct notifier_err_inject *err_inject, int priority)
+{
+ struct notifier_err_inject_action *action;
+ mode_t mode = S_IFREG | S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR;
+ struct dentry *dir;
+ struct dentry *actions_dir;
+
+ err_inject->nb.notifier_call = notifier_err_inject_callback;
+ err_inject->nb.priority = priority;
+
+ dir = debugfs_create_dir(name, parent);
+ if (!dir)
+ return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
+
+ actions_dir = debugfs_create_dir("actions", dir);
+ if (!actions_dir)
+ goto fail;
+
+ for (action = err_inject->actions; action->name; action++) {
+ struct dentry *action_dir;
+
+ action_dir = debugfs_create_dir(action->name, actions_dir);
+ if (!action_dir)
+ goto fail;
+
+ /*
+ * Create debugfs r/w file containing action->error. If
+ * notifier call chain is called with action->val, it will
+ * fail with the error code
+ */
+ if (!debugfs_create_errno("error", mode, action_dir,
+ &action->error))
+ goto fail;
+ }
+ return dir;
+fail:
+ debugfs_remove_recursive(dir);
+ return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(notifier_err_inject_init);
+
+static int __init err_inject_init(void)
+{
+ notifier_err_inject_dir =
+ debugfs_create_dir("notifier-error-inject", NULL);
+
+ if (!notifier_err_inject_dir)
+ return -ENOMEM;
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static void __exit err_inject_exit(void)
+{
+ debugfs_remove_recursive(notifier_err_inject_dir);
+}
+
+module_init(err_inject_init);
+module_exit(err_inject_exit);
+
+MODULE_DESCRIPTION("Notifier error injection module");
+MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
+MODULE_AUTHOR("Akinobu Mita <akinobu.mita@gmail.com>");
--- /dev/null
+#include <linux/atomic.h>
+#include <linux/debugfs.h>
+#include <linux/notifier.h>
+
+struct notifier_err_inject_action {
+ unsigned long val;
+ int error;
+ const char *name;
+};
+
+#define NOTIFIER_ERR_INJECT_ACTION(action) \
+ .name = #action, .val = (action),
+
+struct notifier_err_inject {
+ struct notifier_block nb;
+ struct notifier_err_inject_action actions[];
+ /* The last slot must be terminated with zero sentinel */
+};
+
+extern struct dentry *notifier_err_inject_dir;
+
+extern struct dentry *notifier_err_inject_init(const char *name,
+ struct dentry *parent, struct notifier_err_inject *err_inject,
+ int priority);
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